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1.
Clin EEG Neurosci ; : 15500594241255499, 2024 May 16.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38755963

RESUMO

Abnormalities in auditory processing are believed to play a major role in autism and attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Both conditions often co-occur in children, causing difficulties in deciding the most promising intervention. Event-related potentials (ERPs) have been investigated and are showing promise to act as potential biomarkers for both conditions. This study investigated mismatch negativity (MMN) using a passive listening task and P3b in an active auditory go/no-go discrimination task. Recordings were available from 103 children (24 females): 35 with ADHD, 27 autistic, 15 autistic children with co-occurring ADHD, and 26 neurotypical (NT) children. The age range considered was between 4 and 17 years, but varied between groups. The results revealed increases in the MMN and P3b amplitudes with age. Older children with ADHD exhibited smaller P3b amplitudes, while younger autistic children showed reduced MMN amplitudes in response to phoneme changes compared to their NT counterparts. Notably, children diagnosed with autism and ADHD did not follow this pattern; instead, they exhibited more similarities to NT children. The reduced amplitudes of phonetically elicited MMN in children with autism and reduced P3b in children with ADHD suggest that the two respective ERPs can act as potential biomarkers for each condition. However, optimisation and standardisation of the testing protocol, as well as longitudinal studies are required in order to translate these findings into clinical practice.

2.
J Autism Dev Disord ; 45(7): 2168-75, 2015 Jul.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25663626

RESUMO

This study investigated neurodevelopmental changes in sound processing by recording mismatch negativity (MMN) in response to various degrees of sound complexity in 18 mildly to moderately autistic versus 15 healthy boys aged between 6 and 15 years. Autistic boys presented with lower IQ and poor performance on a range of executive and social function measures when compared to their healthy counterparts. We found that MMN in response to duration deviants was less lateralized in the clinical group whereas larger amplitudes correlated with advanced age, thus capturing neurodevelopmental changes. Larger MMN in response to speech-like sound deviants was associated with better verbal fluency and executive function performance, respectively, but did not reliably discriminate the two groups.


Assuntos
Transtorno Autístico/fisiopatologia , Transtorno Autístico/psicologia , Encéfalo/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Encéfalo/fisiopatologia , Potenciais Evocados Auditivos/fisiologia , Estimulação Acústica , Adolescente , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Criança , Eletroencefalografia , Função Executiva , Lateralidade Funcional/fisiologia , Humanos , Masculino , Testes Neuropsicológicos
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