Phenolic derivatives from root bark of Schisandra sphenanthera / 中国中药杂志

This paper aimed to study the chemical constituents from the root bark of Schisandra sphenanthera. Silica, Sephadex LH-20 and RP-HPLC were used to separate and purify the 80% ethanol extract of S. sphenanthera. Eleven compounds were identified by ~1H-NMR, ~(13)C-NMR, ESI-MS, etc., which were 2-[2-hydroxy-5-(3-hydroxypropyl)-3-methoxyphenyl]-propane-1,3-diol(1), threo-7-methoxyguaiacylglycerol(2),4-O-(2-hydroxy-1-hydroxymethylethyl)-dihydroconiferylalcohol(3), morusin(4), sanggenol A(5), sanggenon I(6), sanggenon N(7), leachianone G(8),(+)-catechin(9), epicatechin(10), and 7,4'-dimethoxyisoflavone(11). Among them, compound 1 was a new compound, and compounds 2-9 were isolated from S. sphenanthera for the first time. Compounds 2-11 were subjected to cell viability assay, and the results revealed that compounds 4 and 5 had potential cytotoxicity, and compound 4 also had potential antiviral activity.

Chemical constituents of Helleborus thibetanus / 中国中药杂志

The chemical constituents of Helleborus thibetanus were isolated and purified by silica gel column chromatography, Sephadex LH-20 gel column chromatography, and semi-preparative RP-HPLC, and the structures of all compounds were identified by modern spectrographic technology(MS, NMR). The MTT method was used to measure the cytotoxicity of compounds 1-8. Twelve compounds were isolated from the roots and rhizomes of H. thibetanus and were identified as(25R)-22β,25-expoxy-26-[(O-β-D-glucopyranosyl)oxy]-1β,3β-dihydroxyfurosta-5-en(1), β-sitosterol myristate(2), β-sitosterol lactate(3), β-sitosterol 3-O-β-D-glucopyrannoside(4), 4,6,8-trihydroxy-3,4-dihydronaphthalen-1(2H)-one(5), 1,3,5-trimethoxybenzene(6), 7,8-dimethylbenzo pteridine-2,4(1H,3H)-dione(7), 1H-indole-3-carboxylic acid(8), p-hydroxy cinnamic acid(9), lauric acid(10), n-butyl α-L-arabinofuranoside(11) and methyl-α-D-fructofuranoside(12), respectively. Among them, compound 1 is a new compound and named thibetanoside L; compounds 2, 5-8, 11 are first isolated from the family Ranunculaceae; compound 12 is isolated from the genus Helleborus for the first time. The results of MTT assay showed that the IC_(50) values of compounds 1-8 against HepG2 and HCT116 cells were greater than 100 μmol·L~(-1).

Steroidal constituents from Helleborus thibetanus and their cytotoxicities / 中国天然药物

Thibetanosides E-H (1-4), four new steroidal constituents including three rare sulfonates (2-4), were isolated from the roots and rhizomes of Helleborus thibetanus, together with nine known steroidal compounds (5-13). Their structures were elucidated by detailed spectroscopic analysis, including 1D and 2D NMR techniques and chemical evidence. In this study, compounds 2-13 were evaluated for their cytotoxic activities against HCT116, A549 and HepG2 tumor cell lines in vitro. Among them, compound 8 (thibetanoside C) showed cytotoxicities against A549 cells(IC 39.6 ± 1.9 μmol·L) and HepG2 cells(IC 41.5 ± 1.1 μmol·L), respectively. Compound 9 (23S, 24S)-24-[(O-β-D-fucopyranosyl)oxy]-3β, 23-dihydroxy-spirosta-5, 25(27)-diene-1β-ylO-(4-O-acetyl- α-L-rhamnopyranosyl)-(1→2)-O-[β-D-xylopyranosyl-(1→3)]-α-L-arabinopyranoside) showed cytotoxicity against HCT116 cells(IC 33.6 ± 2.1 μmol·L).

Five new polyhydroxylated furostanol saponins from the rhizomes of Tupistra chinensis / 中国天然药物

Five new polyhydroxylated furostanol saponins were isolated from the roots and rhizomes of Tupistra chinensis, and their structures were determined as tupistrosides J-N (1-5), together with four known furostanol saponins (6-9), on the basis of physico-chemical properties and spectral analysis. Among them, compounds 3 and 5 showed cytotoxicity against human cancer cell lines SW620 with IC values of 72.5 ± 2.4 and 77.3 ± 2.5 μmol·L, respectively. Compound 4 showed cytotoxicity against human cancer cell line HepG2 with IC value of 88.6 ± 2.1 μmol·L.

Prospective multi-center study of female patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction in Liaoning province, China / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>In cardiology, it is controversial whether gender influences prognosis after acute myocardial infarction (MI). We examined the 30-day and 1-year prognosis for female patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) in Liaoning province, and we analyzed factors that influenced these outcomes.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>This was a prospective, multicenter, observational study in which patient data were collected by questionnaire at the time of diagnosis and at approximately 30 days and 1 year later by telephone inquiries. Patients were diagnosed with STEMI between June 1, 2009 and June 1, 2010 at any of the 20 hospitals that gave treatment representative of current STEMI treatment in Liaoning Province. Unified follow-up questionnaire was used to visit the STEMI patients.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>We analyzed data from a total of 1429 consecutive patients with STEMI in Liaoning province. Female patients were older (70.0 vs. 60.3, P < 0.001) and were less likely to receive emergency reperfusion therapy than male ones (39.2% vs. 58.0%, P < 0.001). Female gender was associated with higher unadjusted 30-day mortality rates (HR = 2.118, 95%CI: 1.572 - 2.854, P < 0.001) and higher unadjusted 1-year mortality rates (HR = 2.174, 95%CI: 1.659 - 2.848, P < 0.001). Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that female gender was not an independent predictor of 30-day mortality rates (HR = 1.273, 95%CI: 0.929 - 1.745, P = 0.133) nor of 1-year mortality rates (HR = 1.112, 95%CI: 0.831 - 1.487, P = 0.475).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Women with STEMI appear to be at increased risk of 30-day and 1-year mortality compared with male STEMI patients, but this difference may be explained by older age and less frequent receipt of reperfusion therapy among the women.</p>

The impact of body mass index on the presentation, treatment and clinical outcomes of patients with ST-segment elevated myocardial infarction / 中华流行病学杂志

Objective To analyze the impact of body mass index (BMI) on the presentation,treatment,and clinical outcomes of patients with ST-segment elevated myocardial infarction (STEMI).Methods 1414 patients with STEMI who were admitted to the 20 hospitals in Liaoning region from May 2009 until May 2010 were enrolled.Patients were stratified according to the BMI levels as normal weight group (18.5 kg/m2≤BMI＜24.0 kg/m2) (n＝485),overweight (24.0 kg/m2≤BMI＜28.0 kg/m2) (n＝736),or obesity (BMI≥28.0 kg/m2) (n＝193).Presentation,treatment and mortality during hospitalization,MACCE (cardiovascular death,non-fatal myocardial infarction,revascularization and stroke) were compared between the three groups at 3-month and 1-year follow-up.Results Obesity in patients with STEMI was associated with younger age (P＜0.001),being male (P＜0.001),with diabetes (P＝0.013) or hypertension (P＜0.001) and hyperlipidmia (P＜0.001).A higher prevalence of reperfusion treatment (P ＝ 0.018),mainly percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) (P＜0.001) was seen during the period of hospitalization.Rates of using other kinds of medicines as well as the mortalities during hospitalization,were similar among the groups with different BMI categories.At 3-month and 1-year follow-up,more use of asprin (3-months:P＝0.018; 1-year:P＝0.002) and β-receptor blockers were seen in the obesity group (3-months:P＝0.025; 1-year:P＝0.030) while the use of other drugs were not significantly different among the three groups.The incidence rates of MACCE were not significantly different among the BMI categories while the cumulative survival rate was similar between obese group and normal weight group.Results from the Cox proportional hazards analysis indicated that factors as age (HR＝1.045,95％ CI:1.028-1.062,P＜0.001),diabetes (HR＝ 1.530,95％ CI:1.107-2.301,P＝0.041),hyperlipidmia (HR＝2.127,95％ CI:1.317-3.435,P＝0.002),urgent PCI (HR＝0.473,95％CI:0.307-0.728,P＝0.001) and the use of β-receptor blockers at 3-months follow-up period (HR＝0.373,95％ CI:0.195-0.713,P＝0.003) were significantly related to the incidence of MACCE at 1-year follow-up period.Conclusion Despite the fact that patients with obesity presented with STEMI at younger age and having received active treatment of reperfusion and medicine,both the 3-month and 1-year outcomes did not show significant difference among the BMI categories.

Impact of high-density lipoprotein levels at hospital admission on the outcome of patients with acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction / 中华流行病学杂志

Objective To analyze the impact of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels at hospital admission on the incidence of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACCE) in patients with acute ST segment elevation myocardial infarction (ASTEMI).Methods 1067 patients with ASTEMI who were admitted to the 20 hospitals in Liaoning region and with lipid profile tested within the 24 hours of admission from May 2009 until May 2010,were enrolled.Data on basic demographic,clinical,status on admission and method of treatment were collected.Rate on various medical use and MACCE (cardiovascular death,non-fatal myocardial infarction,revascularization and stoke) were compared between the two groups through follow-up observation.Cox proportional hazard analysis was estimation.Results The median HDL-C level was 1.27 mmol/L,with 587 patients having HDL-C below and 489 patients HDL-C above the median level.The incidence rates of non-fatal myocardial infarction and MACCE at one-year follow-up period,was higher in low HDL-C group (4.8％ vs.0.9％,P＜0.001:23.7％ vs.18.1％,P=0.03,respectively) At one month follow-up,the incidence rate of non-fatal myocardial infarction was higher in low HDL-C group (1.4％ vs.0.0％,P=0.01 ).At six month follow-up,the incidence rates of non-fatal myocardial infarction and MACCE on one-year follow-up was higher in low HDL-C group (2.8％ vs.0.4％,P=0.003; 18.3％ vs.13.7％,P=0.04,respectively).Results from Cox proportional hazards analysis indicated that age ( HR =1.02,95％ CI:1.006- 1.035,P =0.005 ),diabetes (HR =1.05,95％ CI:1.053-2.171,P=0.03 ),HDL-C level ( HR =0.56,95％CI:0.340-0.921,P=- 0.02 ) were significantly related to the incidence of MACCE.Conclusion The incidence rates of one year and six month MACCE (mainly non-fatal myocardial infarction) and one month non-fatal myocardial infarction were significant higher in patients with low than high HDL-C levels at admission while kept on the ascending along with time.Age,diabetes,HDL-C level were independent risk factors related to the incidence of MACCE.

[Effect of exogenous nitric oxide donor SNP on seed germination and antioxidase activities of Perilla frutescens seedlings under NaCl stress].

OBJECTIVE: To explore the method of improving the salt resistance ability of seeds and seedlings of Perilla frutescens under NaCl stress. METHODS: Physiological indexes of Perilla frutescens seeds treated by sodium nitroprusside (SNP) under NaCl stress like the germination vigor, germination rate, germination index and vigor index were measured. And other indexes like the activities of nitrate reductase (NR), malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide (SOD), peroxidase (POD) and catalase (CAT) were also measured. RESULTS: The germination indexes of Perilla frutescens seeds under NaCl stress had obvious inhibition. But after the treatment with different concentrations of SNP, every germination indexes were all increased. And the seeds that treated with SNP with the concentration of 0.1 mmol/L has the most significantly increase in every index. The germination vigor was 60.4%, the germination rate was 78.3%, the germination index and vigor index were 13.7 and 0.1093 respectively. The content of MDA was decreased after the treatment of SNP. The activities of four enzymes included NR, SOD, POD and CAT were increased with the treatment of SNP, and get the maximin (1.52 microg/g x h, 0.32 U/mg, 5.9 U/mg and 4.8 U/mg respectively) with the concentration of 0.1 mmol/L SNP. CONCLUSION: SNP with concentration of 0.1 mmol/L could significantly alleviate the damages to the seeds and seedlings of Perilla frutescens under NaCl stress, and promote the salt resistance of the seeds and seedlings.

Effect of implanting fibrin sealant with ropivacaine on pain after laparoscopic cholecystectomy.

AIM: To investigate the safety and efficacy of implanting fibrin sealant with sustained-release ropivacaine in the gallbladder bed for pain after laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC). METHODS: Sixty patients (American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status was I or II and underwent LC) were randomly divided into three equal groups: group A (implantation of fibrin sealant in the gallbladder bed), group B (implantation of fibrin sealant carrying ropivacaine in the gallbladder bed), and group C (normal saline in the gallbladder bed). Postoperative pain was evaluated, and pain relief was assessed by visual analog scale (VAS) scoring. RESULTS: The findings showed that 81.7% of patients had visceral pain, 50% experienced parietal, and 26.7% reported shoulder pain after LC. Visceral pain was significantly less in group B patients than in the other groups (P < 0.05), and only one patient in this group experienced shoulder pain. The mean VAS score in group B patients was lower than that in the other groups. CONCLUSION: Visceral pain is prominent after LC and can be effectively controlled by implanting fibrin sealant combined with ropivacaine in the gallbladder bed.

Anomalous pancreaticobiliary junction: image analysis and treatment principles.

BACKGROUND: Anomalous pancreaticobiliary junction is often associated with biliary tract carcinoma and acute pancreatitis. We assessed the value of image analysis in the diagnosis of patients with anomalous pancreaticobiliary junction (APBJ) and the principles for the treatment of APBJ. METHODS: Sixty-four patients with APBJ were subjected to ultrasound imaging, endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) and magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP) before surgery. The diagnostic accuracy of image analysis and their surgical outcomes were evaluated retrospectively. RESULTS: On ERCP and MRCP, the length of the common channel was calculated to be 15 mm or longer in all patients, and the angle of the junction was more than 75 degree in 49 (76.6%) of the 64 patients. Of the 64 patients, 28 were defined of pancreatic duct type (P-C) (28/64, 43.75%), 32 bile duct type (C-P) (32/64, 50%), and 4 common channel type (4/64, 6.25%). CONCLUSIONS: Patients with APBJ are often associated with biliary tract and pancreatic diseases, and early detection and correct surgical treatment could avoid serious complications. ERCP and MRCP are accurate in the diagnosis of APBJ.