Chemical detection and analysis of Astragalus-Cassia twig drug pair using UHPLC-Q-TOF-MS and HPLC-UV methods.

The classic Astragalus-Cassia twig drug pair has a long history of proven efficacy. However, a fewer studies on material basis of the Astragalus and Cassia twig decoction (ACD) was researched at present. The method of UPLC-Q-TOF-MS for classifying and identifying the main chemical components of ACD was established and the differences in composition between single decoction and co-decoction were compared by using HPLC-UV. The therapeutic role of ACD on type 2 diabetes (T2D) rats was investigated. Thirty-five compounds were resolved from the ACD. Fifteen compounds were deduced from the decoction of Astragalus, whereas nine compounds were identified from Cassia twig. Pairing of herbs make a significant effect on the chemical composition of herbal decoction. ACD can play a more obvious role in alleviating the symptoms of T2D rats, compared to the application of single herb.

Patient safety culture in private hospitals in China: a cross-sectional study using the revised Hospital Survey on Patient Safety Culture.

Background: This study aimed to translate the revised Hospital Survey on Patient Safety Culture (HSOPSC 2.0) to Mandarin, evaluate its psychometric properties, and apply it to a group of private hospitals in China to identify the determinants associated with patient safety culture. Methods: A two-phase study was conducted to translate and evaluate the HSOPSC 2.0. A cross-cultural adaptation of the HSOPSC 2.0 was performed in Mandarin and applied in a cross-sectional study in China. This study was conducted among 3,062 respondents from nine private hospitals and 11 clinics across six cities in China. The HSOPSC 2.0 was used to assess patient safety culture. Primary outcomes were measured by the overall patient safety grade and patient safety events reported. Results: Confirmatory factor analysis results and internal consistency reliability were acceptable for the translated HOSPSC 2.0. The dimension with the highest positive response was "Organizational learning - Continuous improvement" (89%), and the lowest was "Reporting patient safety event" (51%). Nurses and long working time in the hospital were associated with lower assessments of overall patient safety grades. Respondents who had direct contact with patients, had long working times in the hospital, and had long working hours per week reported more patient safety events. A higher level of patient safety culture implies an increased probability of a high overall patient safety grade and the number of patient safety events reported. Conclusion: The Chinese version of HSOPSC 2.0 is a reliable instrument for measuring patient safety culture in private hospitals in China. Organizational culture is the foundation of patient safety and can promote the development of a positive safety culture in private hospitals in China.

A high figure of merit of phonon-polariton waveguide modes with hbn/SiO2/graphene /hBN ribs waveguide in mid-infrared range.

Natural hyperbolic materials can confine electromagnetic waves at the nanoscale. In this study, we propose a waveguide design that combines a high quality factor (FOM) with low loss, utilizing hexagonal boron nitride and graphene and gold substrate. The waveguide consists of a dielectric rib with a graphene layer sandwiched between two hBN ribs. Numerical simulations demonstrate the existence of two guided modes in the proposed waveguide within the second reststrahlen band (1360.0 cm-1<ω < 1609.8 cm-1) of hBN. These modes are formed by coupling the hyperbolic phonon polariton (HPhP) of two hBN rib in the middle dielectric rib and are subsequently modulated by a graphene layer. Interestingly, we observe variations in four transmission parameters, namely effective length, figure of merit, device length, and propagation loss of the guided modes, with respect to the operation frequency and gate voltage. By optimizing the waveguide's geometry parameters and dielectric permittivity, the modal properties were analyzed. Simulation results indicate that optimizing the waveguide size parameters enables us to achieve a high FOM of 4.0 × 107. The proposed waveguide design offers a promising approach for designing tunable mid infrared range waveguides on photonic chips, and this concept can be extended to other 2D materials and hyperbolic materials.

Exploring Modern Mechanism of Treating Diabetic Retinopathy and Coronary Heart Disease from Perspective of Blood Stasis Under Viewpoint of Treating Different Diseases with the Same Method / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Diabetic retinopathy（DR） and coronary heart disease（CHD） are both major chronic vascular complications that seriously jeopardize the health of the population and often occur together in clinical practice， it is of great clinical value to actively explore the association between the two in the process of disease development and methods of prevention and treatment of modern medicine and traditional Chinese medicine（TCM）. According to TCM， the heart and eyes physiologically communicate with each other by taking Qi， blood and veins as bridges， blood stasis obstructing collaterals is the common TCM etiology of DR and CHD， whose mechanism involves inflammation， oxidative stress and endothelial dysfunction. Promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis plays an important role in the same treatment for different diseases and prevention and treatment of comorbidities， possibly by inhibiting the expression of interleukin-1β（IL-1β）， endothelin-1（ET-1） and hypoxia inducible factor-1α/vascular endothelial growth factor（HIF-1α/VEGF）， regulating phosphatidylinositol 3-kinases/protein kinase B/mammalian target of rapamycin（PI3K/Akt/mTOR） pathway， initiating adenosine monophosphate（AMP）-activated protein kinase/silent information regulator 1（AMPK/SIRT1） and nuclear transcription factor erythroid 2-related factor 2/heme oxygenase-1（Nrf2/HO-1） signaling pathways， inhibiting Hippo/Yes-associated protein（Hippo/YAP） signaling pathway， inhibiting mitochondrial permeability transition pore and anti-platelet agglutination for treating DR and CHD， which provides a multi-component， multi-pathway and multi-target selection strategies and ideas for the prevention and treatment of DR and CHD by TCM from a biological perspective. Based on this， subsequent studies should focus on constructing clinically relevant comorbidity models， conducting multicenter prospective studies， and fully utilizing artificial intelligence technology to gain a deeper understanding of the relationship between the two diseases， so as to elucidate the mechanism of promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis in preventing and treating panvascular diseases.

Comparison on Rat Models of Acute Cerebral Infarction Due to Stasis Combined with Toxin Complicated with Cerebral-cardiac Syndrome / 中国实验方剂学杂志

ObjectiveTo observe and compare the electrocardiogram index， myocardial morphology， and connexin 43 （Cx43） expression of two rat models of acute cerebral infarction （ACI） due to stasis combined with toxin complicated with cerebral-cardiac syndrome （CCS）， and to provide experimental evidence for the research on the occurrence mechanism of cardiac diseases induced by ACI and the clinical diagnosis and treatment of CCS. MethodSixty SPF-grade male SD rats were randomized into six groups （n=10）： normal ， syndrome of stasis combined with toxin induced by carrageenin combined with dry yeast （CA/Y）， multi-infarct induced by micro-embolism （ME）， middle cerebral artery occlusion （MCAO）， CA/Y+ME， and CA/Y+MCAO groups. The model of syndrome of stasis combined with toxin was established by intraperitoneal injection with carrageenan （CA） at 10 mg·kg-1 on the first day and subcutaneous injection with dry yeast （Y） suspension （2 mg·kg-1） on the second day of modeling. Twenty-four hours after the modeling of ACI， the electrocardiograms （ECGs） of rats in each group were collected and the number/percentage （%） of abnormal ECG was calculated. The infarct area of the brain was evaluated by 2，3，5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride （TTC） staining， and myocardial injury was assessed by hematoxylin-eosin （HE） staining. Immumohistochemical staining and Western blot were employed to determine the expression of Cx43 in the myocardium. ResultA certain number of rats in each model group presented abnormal ECG. Compared with the normal group and CA/Y group， CA/Y+MCAO group had the highest rate of abnormal ECG （P<0.01）. Compared with the normal， CA/Y， ME， and CA/Y+ME groups， the CA/Y+ME and CA/Y+MCAO groups showed decreased amplitudes of P-wave and T-wave， shortened P-R interval， and extended Q-T interval， which were particularly obvious in the CA/Y+MCAO group （P<0.05， P<0.01） and in accordance with the cerebral infarction area and pathological changes. The expression of Cx43 was up-regulated in both CA/Y+ME and CA/Y+MCAO groups， especially in the CA/Y+MCAO group （P<0.01）. ConclusionThe two rat models of ACI due to stasis combined with toxin complicated with CCS can be used to study the mechanism of heart diseases caused by cerebrovascular diseases and the therapeutic effects of Chinese medicines with the functions of resolving stasis and detoxifying. Moreover， the CA/Y+MCAO method has higher abnormal electrocardiogram rate， severer myocardial pathological injury， and higher expression of Cx43 protein. The models can be chosen according to specific experimental purpose.

Jianpi Qutan Fang induces anti-atherosclerosis and ameliorates endothelial cell injury in high-fat diet ratsan anti-inflammatory and inhibiting Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription signaling pathway.

OBJECTIVE: To investiage the possible mechanism underlying the effect of the Jianpi Qutan Fang (, JPQT) on Atherosclerosis (AS) which is the main pathological process of most cardiovascular diseases that affect millions of adults worldwide. METHODS: In the present study, rats were fed with a high-fat-diet (HFD) with vitamin D3 for 16 weeks and were orally administered atorvastatin treatment and different doses of JPQT. Histopathological changes and ultrastructural changes in the aorta were evaluated through hematoxylin-eosin staining and transmission electron microscopy (TEM), respectively. Suppressor of cytokine signaling 1 (SOCS1)/Janus kinase 1 (JAK1)/ signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 (STAT1) signaling pathways were detected through Western blotting. RESULTS: JPQT treatment decreased the lipid levels of triglyceride, low-density lipoprotein, and cholesterol, the inflammatory cytokine levels of interleukin 1 beta (IL-1ß), IL-6 and IL-8 in rat serum, but increased high-density lipoprotein and IL-10 serum levels. JPQT treatment ameliorated pathological changes in the aorta of AS model rats. Moreover, JPQT upregulated SOCS1 protein expression and down-regulated phosphorylated protein expression levels of p-JAK1 and p-STAT1. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that JPQT induces anti-atherosclerosis effects through anti-inflammatory and inhibiting JAK/STAT signaling pathways in HFD fed rats.

CdSe/TiO2NTs Heterojunction-Based Nonenzymatic Photoelectrochemical Sensor for Glucose Detection.

Compared with a single semiconductor, the heterojunction formed by two different semiconductors usually has higher light utilization and better photoelectric performance. By using stable TiO2 nanotubes as the main subject, CdSe/TiO2NTs heterojunctions were synthesized by a hydrothermal method. XRD, TEM, SEM, PL, UV-vis, and EIS were used to characterize the fabricated CdSe/TiO2NTs. Under visible light irradiation, CdSe/TiO2NTs heterojunctions exhibited a higher absorption intensity and lower degree of photogenerated carrier recombination than TiO2. The electrons and holes were proven to be effectively separated in this heterojunction via theoretical calculation. Under CdSe/TiO2NTs' optimal conditions, the glucose concentrations (10-90 µM) had a linear relationship with the photocurrent value, and the detection limit was 3.1 µM. Moreover, the CdSe/TiO2NTs sensor exhibited good selectivity and stability. Based on the experimental data and theoretical calculations, its PEC sensing mechanism was also illuminated.

Genetic Diversity and Breeding Signatures for Regional Indica Rice Improvement in Guangdong of Southern China.

As the pioneer of the Green Revolution in China, Guangdong province witnessed the improvement and spread of semi-dwarf Xian/Indica rice cultivars and possessed diverse rice germplasm of landrace and cultivars. A total of 517 accessions containing a core germplasm of 479 newly sequenced landraces and modern cultivars were used to reveal breeding signatures and key variations for regional genetic improvement of indica rice from Guangdong. Four subpopulations were identified in the collection, which including Ind IV as a novel subpopulation that not covered by previously released accessions. Modern cultivars of subpopulation Ind II were inferred to have less deleterious variations, especially in yield related genes. About 15 Mb genomic segments were identified as potential breeding signatures by cross-population likelihood method (XP-CLR) of modern cultivars and landraces. The selected regions spanning multiple yield related QTLs (quantitative trait locus) which identified by GWAS (genome-wide association studies) of the same population, and specific variations that fixed in modern cultivars of Ind II were characterized. This study highlights genetic differences between traditional landraces and modern cultivars, which revealed the potential molecular basis of regional genetic improvement for Guangdong indica rice from southern China.

Cognitive and Brain Gray Matter Changes in Children with Obstructive Sleep Apnea: A Voxel-Based Morphological Study.

BACKGROUND: To explore the neural difference between children with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and healthy controls, together with the relation between this difference and clinical severity indicator of children with OSA. METHODS: Twenty-seven children with OSA (7.6 ± 2.5 years, apnea hypopnea index [AHI]: 9.7 ± 5.3 events/h) and 30 healthy controls (7.8 ± 2.6 years, AHI: 1.7 ± 1.2 events/h) were recruited and matched with age, gender, and handedness. All children underwent 3.0 T magnetic resonance imaging of the brain and cognitive testing evaluating. Volumetric segmentation of cortical and subcortical structures and voxel-based morphometry were performed. Pearson's correlation analysis was performed between these features of gray matter volume (GMV) and obstructive apnea index (OAI) among children with OSA. RESULTS: In the comparison of children's Wechsler test scores of full-scale intelligence quotient and verbal intelligence quotient, the OSA group was significantly lower than the control group (p < 0.05). Compared with the control group, the GMV of many brain regions in the OSA group was significantly decreased (p < 0.05). In the correlation analysis of GMV and OAI in OSA group, right inferior frontal gyrus volume was significantly negatively correlated with OAI (r = - 0.49, p = 0.02). CONCLUSION: Children with OSA presented abnormal neural activities in some brain regions and impaired cognitive functions. This finding suggests an association between the OSA and decreased GMV in children.

Association between brachial artery peak systolic velocity and ipsilateral radio-cephalic arteriovenous fistula maturation.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the association between brachial artery blood velocity by color Doppler flow imaging (CDFI) and primary maturation of radio-cephalic autologous arteriovenous fistula (RC-AVF). METHODS: Clinical data from patients who underwent end-to-side cephalic-radial anastomosis were collected from December 2015 to December 2020. The anastomosis diameter (mm), blood velocity (cm/s), and brachial artery diameters (mm) 7 cm proximal to the elbow pre- and postoperation were measured by GE LOGIC-E9 ultrasound. The AVF was mature if it could be cannulated successfully and the blood flow was >200 ml/min during dialysis. RESULTS: A total of 197 patients were included in our statistical analysis. A total of 163 patients had mature AVFs, and 34 patients had poor maturity (assisted and failed maturation). There were no significant differences in the clinical characteristics, peak systolic velocity (PSV) of the brachial artery, diameter of the radial artery or cephalic vein measured by CDFI preoperatively. The diameter of the brachial artery (5.41 ± 0.77 vs 4.89 ± 0.90, p = 0.00) and the fistula anastomosis (2.79 ± 0.78 vs 2.45 ± 0.85, p = 0.02) and PSV of the brachial artery (123.58 ± 37.11 vs 89.63 ± 28.31, p = 0.00) in the mature group were higher than those in the immature group. CONCLUSION: Brachial artery PSV and increased brachial artery PSV could be used to detect RC-AVF maturation in the early stage.

Herbal Textural Research on Treatment of Headache Based on Syndrome Differentiation / 中国实验方剂学杂志

ObjectiveTo summarize the thinking of treatment of headache based on syndrome differentiation by reviewing the literature of materia medica in the past dynasties， so as to guide the clinical practice. MethodAll the literature of materia medica in the Chinese Medical Dictionary， involving 76 works from Han to Qing Dynasties， were searched， and the information of the herbs for treating headache was extracted. According to Chinese Materia Medica （11th Edition） and Pharmacopoeia of the People's Republic of China （2020 Edition）， the nature， taste， and meridian tropism of the selected herbs were statistically analyzed， and the syndrome elements of headache were classified and counted. In addition， the contents of syndrome differentiation and treatment of headache by different herbs were extracted. ResultFrom the 76 monographs of materia medica in the past dynasties， 114 herbs for treating headache were selected. The herbs mainly had cold or warm nature， pungent or bitter taste， and tropism to the lung and live meridians. The syndrome elements of headache treated by the herbs mainly included wind attack， fire disturbance， turbid obstruction， stagnation， cold coagulation， and healthy Qi deficiency. ConclusionHeadache is mainly treated with the herbs with the effects of dispelling pathogenic wind， clearing heat and purging fire， eliminating phlegm and resolving dampness， regulating Qi movement and activating blood， warming Yang and dispelling cold， and tonifying deficiency and reinforcing healthy Qi， and the herbs are often used in combinations. Headache is treated following the principles of dispelling wind and pathogen， regulating Qi and blood， and tonifying deficiency and purging excess， which is in line with the laws of obstruction and nutrient deficiency causing pain.

Metabolic regulation of Nod-like receptor protein 3 inflammasome and its role in renal diseases / 中华肾脏病杂志

In recent years, with the development of metabolic reprogramming research, people have changed their understanding of the biological effects of immune cells. Under the stimulation of inflammatory response, immune cells re-regulate their metabolism and bioenergetics, provide energy and substrates for cell survival, and initiate immune effect functions. Nod-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome, as an important component of the innate immune system, has been shown to sense metabolites such as uric acid and cholesterol crystals, and can be inhibited by metabolites such as ketones. It is also regulated by mitochondrial reactive oxygen species and glycolytic components (such as hexokinase). Recent studies have shown that a variety of metabolic pathways converge as effective regulators of NLRP3 inflammasome. The paper reviews the metabolic regulatory pathways and specificity of NLRP3 inflammasome activation, and its role in renal diseases.

Analysis of regional homogeneity and functional connectivity among the depression and bipolar disorder with mixed features patients / 中华放射学杂志

Objective:To investigate the regional homogeneity (ReHo) among the major depressive disorder patients without mixed features (MDD noMF), major depressive disorder with mixed features (MMF), bipolar disorder with mixed features (BMF) and bipolar disorder patients without mixed features (BD noMF) patients, and to explore the brain activity and functional connectivity patterns of the MMF and BMF patients. Methods:This was a cross-sectional study. The MDD noMF patients (MDD noMF group), MMF patients (MMF group), BMF patients (BMF group), BD noMF patients (BD noMF group), and age-and gender-matched healthy controls (HC group) were recruited from Beijing Anding Hospital, Capital Medical University between April, 2021 and June, 2022. All the participants underwent resting-state functional MRI scanning. The ReHo values was computed with the DPABI software based on the MATLAB. Firstly, the difference in ReHo among the patients with MDD noMF, MMF, BMF, BD noMF and HC group were estimated by the analysis of covariance and the post-hoc method (LSD or Games-Howell). And then, the brain regions with significant different ReHo values were selected as the seeds to calculate the functional connectivity with the whole brain. Results:A total of 29 cases in the MDD noMF group, 24 cases in the MMF group, 26 cases in the BMF group, 29 cases in the BD noMF group, and 42 in the HC group were included. The differences in ReHo values in the left fusiform and the left precuneus of the 5 groups were statistically significant ( P<0.05). Among of them, the ReHo values of the left fusiform were lower in the MMF, BMF and BD noMF groups compared with the HC group ( P<0.05), while the ReHo values of the left precuneus in MDD noMF, MMF, BMF and BD noMF groups were higher than that in the HC group ( P<0.05). The ReHo value of the left fusiform was lower in the MMF group compared with the MDD noMF group ( P=0.001); the ReHo value of the left fusiform was lower in the BMF group compared with the MDD noMF and BD noMF groups ( P<0.05). The functional connectivity between the left fusiform and vermis, left insula, right putamen, and left medial superior frontal gyrus, and functional connectivity between the left precuneus and right superior frontal gyrus (dorsolateral) showed significant difference among the MDD noMF, MMF, BMF, BD noMF and HC groups ( P<0.05). Compared with HC group, MDD noMF, MMF, BD noMF groups showed higher functional connectivity between the left fusiform and the vermis, and MDD noMF, MMF, BMF, BD noMF group showed higher functional connectivityy between the the left fusiform and the left insula, left medial superior frontal gyrus and right putamen ( P<0.05). Compared with the MDD noMF group, the MMF, BMF and BD noMF groups showed higher functional connectivity between the left fusiform and the left insula ( P<0.05). Compared with the MDD noMF group, the BMF and BD noMF groups had higher functional connectivity between the left fusiform and the left medial superior frontal gyrus ( P<0.05). The BMF group showed higher functional connectivity of the left fusiform with the right putamen than the MDD noMF and BD noMF groups. Additonally, the BMF and BD noMF groups showed higher functional connectivity between the left precuneus and the right superior frontal gyrus (dorsolateral) than HC, MDD noMF and MMF groups ( P<0.05). Conclusions:MMF and BMF patients have local abnormalities of functional activity synchronization in the left fusiform and precuneus and abnormal functional connectivity patterns with multiple brain regions. MMF and BMF patients have specific neuroimaging features compared to MDD noMF or BD noMF patients and also share similar neuroimaging pathogenesis.

Application research on multi-mode teaching guided by objective management in the standardized training of nursing students in the department of oncology / 中华医学教育探索杂志

Objective:To explore the application effect of multi-mode teaching guided by objective management in the standardized training of nursing students.Methods:A total of 39 standardized training nursing students from April 2019 to April 2020 in the department of oncology of a tertiary hospital were selected as the control group by cluster sampling method and they received traditional teaching; 40 standardized nursing students in the department of oncology from June 2020 to June 2021 were selected as the experimental group and the group adopted multi-mode teaching guided by objective management. The differences of theoretical and operational assessment scores, teaching satisfaction, critical thinking ability and nurse-patient communication ability between the two groups were studied. SPSS 20.0 was used for t-test and Chi-square test. Results:The scores of theoretical assessment [(86.17±3.74) vs. (83.92±4.93)] and operational assessment [(92.83±2.19) vs. (90.74±3.52)] in the experimental group were higher than those in the control group, and the differences were statistically significant ( P<0.05). The teaching satisfaction of the experimental group was higher than that of the control group [(46.10±2.96) vs. (42.67±2.45)], and the difference was statistically significant ( P<0.05). There were statistically significant differences in critical thinking, intellectual curiosity and analytical skills ( P<0.05). In terms of nurse-patient communication ability, except that there was no difference in collecting information, the rest were statistically significant( P<0.05). Conclusion:Multi-mode teaching guided by objective management can improve the theoretical and operational ability of nurses, nurse-patient communication ability, and teaching satisfaction.

Construction of glioma prognosis model with n7-methylguanosine related long non-coding RNA based on transcriptome / 中国医师进修杂志

Objective:To investigate the relationship between n7-methylguanosine (m7G) related long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) expression and glioma prognosis, and to construct a prognosis model with m7G-related lncRNA in patients with glioma.Methods:Data related to the test set and validation set were downloaded from the Cancer and Tumor Genome Atlas (TCGA) database and the China Glioma Genome Atlas (CGGA) database. LASSO regression and random forest algorithm were used to establish the glioma prognosis model with m7G related lncRNA. Individualized risk scores were calculated using the weighted expression levels of the 12 extracted lncRNA coefficients, and test set and validation set glioma patients were categorized into high and low risk groups based on median risk score. Kaplan-Meier survival curve was drawn, the comparison method used log rank test. The efficacy of risk score in predicting the 1-, 2- and 5-year survival rate in patients with glioma was evaluated using the receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve.Results:A total of 12 lncRNA associated with m7G were obtained, with a risk score = 1.026 × AC002454.1 + 1.086 × AC131097.4 + 1.039 × AC147651.3 + 1.01 × AGAP2-AS1 + 1.036 × CRNDE + 0.733 × GDNF-AS1 + 1.321 × HOXD-AS2 + 0.934 × LINC00641 + 1.183 × PAXIP1-AS2 + 1.258 × PVT1 + 0.909 × SOX21-AS1 + 0.754 × TTC28-AS1, with a median risk score of - 0.45 scores. Kaplan-Meier survival curve analysis result showed that the median survival time in high risk group was significantly shorter than that in low risk group (1.98 years vs. 9.51 years, log-rank χ2 = 131.78, P<0.01). ROC curve analysis result showed that the area under the curve (AUC) of risk score in predicting the 1-, 2- and 5-year survival rate in patients with glioma was 0.891, 0.923 and 0.912. In the validation set of glioma patients, Kaplan-Meier survival curve analysis result showed that the median survival time in high risk group was significantly shorter than that in low risk group (1.29 years vs. 6.88 years, log-rank χ2 = 103.27, P<0.01); ROC curve analysis result showed that the AUC of risk score in predicting the 1-, 2- and 5-year survival rate in patients with glioma was 0.724, 0.795 and 0.762. In the test set and validation set, multivariate Cox regression analysis result showed that the risk score was the independent risk factors of prognosis in patients with glioma ( HR = 1.992 and 1.247, P<0.01 or <0.05). Conclusions:A risk score model with m7G related lncRNA based on transcriptome is a novel approach to predict the prognosis of glioma patients.

Construction of Doctor-Nurse-Patient shared decision-making framwork for breast cancer patients undergoing surgery / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective:To construct Doctor-Nurse-Patient shared decision-making framwork for breast cancer surgery patients, so as to provide a foundation for clinical practice.Methods:The content of the shared decision-making framwork were initially constructed through systematic literature search and group discussion. From March to May 2021, 24 experts were consulted by the Delphi method, and the weight of each element would be determined by the analytic hierarchy process.Results:A total of 2 rounds of expert letter questionnaires were implemented. The authority coefficient of the experts in this study was 0.832, the Kendall coefficient of the experts in the first round was 0.130-0.261 ( P<0.01), and the Kendall coefficient of the experts in the second round was 0.130-0.272 ( P<0.01). The final shared decision-making framwork includes 5 first-level indicators, 15 second-level indicators and 52 third-level indicators. Conclusions:The Doctor-Nurse-Patient shared decision-making framwork of breast cancer surgery patients constructed in this study is scientific and practical, and provides a reference for clinical practice of shared decision-making in the future.

Study on the Medication Rule of the National Patent of Traditional Chinese Medicine Compound Formula in the Treatment of Depression / 中医杂志

ObjectiveTo explore the medication rules of traditional Chinese medicine compounds for depression in the National Patent Database using data mining， and to provide ideas for the clinical treatment and the development of new drugs for depression. MethodsThe patent data of traditional Chinese medicine compounds for the treatment of depression were searched from inception to July 1st， 2022 on the Patent Publication Announcement website of China National Intellectual Property Administration. The selected traditional Chinese medicine compounds were analyzed by using the data mining section of the ancient and modern medical record cloud platform （V2.3.5） for drug frequency， and based on this， the nature， flavor， channel entry and function of the medicinals were analyzed. Representative high-frequency herbal combinations were obtained through correlation analysis， while the classification of Chinese medicine compounds for depression was analyzed by cluster analysis， and the core combinations of herbs for the treatment of depression were screened out using complex network analysis. ResultsA total of 325 Chinese medicine compounds were included， involving 452 herbs， with a total frequency of 3532 times. The top 10 mostly used herbs were Yujin （Radix Curcumae， 122 times）， Chaihu （Radix Bupleuri， 122 times）， Baishao （Radix Paeoniae Alba， 109 times）， Suanzaoren （Spina Date Seed， 95 times）， Fuling （Poria， 94 times）， Danggui （Radix Angelicae Sinensis， 94 times）， Yuanzhi （Radix Polygalae， 84 times）， Baizhu （Rhizoma Atractylodis Macrocephalae， 72 times）， Shichangpu （Rhizoma Acori Graminei， 71 times）， and Danshen （Salvia Miltiorrhiza， 61 times）. The natures of the herbs were mainly warm （998 times）， neutral （944 times）， slightly cold （596 times） and cold （497 times）； the flavors were mainly sweet （1648 times）， acrid （1392 times）， and bitter （1337 times）； the channels of entry were mainly liver （1695 times）， heart （1521 times）， spleen （1326 times） and lung （1268 times）. The medicinals with the function of soothing liver to relieve constraint， moistening the intestines to promote defecation， calming the heart and the mind， moving qi to relieve constraint were used more frequently. The high frequency herbal combinations by association analysis included “Chaihu （Radix Bupleuri）→ Baishao （Radix Paeoniae Alba）”， “Danggui （Radix Angelicae Sinensis）→Chaihu （Radix Bupleuri）” and “Baishao （Radix Paeoniae Alba）→ Yujin （Radix Curcumae）”. The 22 high frequency medicinals used more than 40 times could be clustered into six categories. Complex network analysis found the core herbal combination for the treatment of depression was the formula of Chaihu （Radix Bupleuri）， Yujin （Radix Curcumae）， Baishao （Radix Paeoniae Alba）， Danggui （Radix Angelicae Sinensis）， Fuling （Poria）， Suanzaoren （Spina Date Seed）， and Xiangfu （Cyperi Rhizoma）. ConclusionTraditional Chinese medicine compounds for the treatment of depression is mainly based on the pathogenesis of constraint， stasis and deficiency， focusing on the liver， heart， spleen and lung， commonly using medicinals with the function of soothing liver to relieve constraint， fortifying spleen and nourishing heart， regulating qi and invigorating blood， and moistening the intestines to promote defecation， which can provide a reference for the clinical treatment and new drug research and development for depression.

Separation, characterization, and antiviral activity of colloidal phase state of Maxing Shigan Decoction / 中国中药杂志

This study focused on the separation, characterization, content determination, and antiviral efficacy research on colloidal particles with different sizes in Maxing Shigan Decoction(MXSG). The mixed colloidal phase of MXSG was initially separated into small colloidal particle segment(S), medium colloidal particle segment(M), and big colloidal particle segment(B) using ultrafiltration. Further fine separation was performed using size-exclusion chromatography. Dynamic light scattering(DLS) and transmission electron microscopy(TEM) were employed to characterize the size and morphology of the separated colloidal particles. UPLC-MS/MS was used to determine the content of ephedrine, amygdalin, glycyrrhizic acid, and the EDTA complexometric titration was used to measure the calcium(Ca~(2+)) content in different colloidal phases. Finally, a respiratory syncytial virus(RSV) infection mouse model was established using intranasal administration. The experimental groups included a blank group, a model group, a ribavirin group, an MXSG group, an S group, an M group, and a B group. Oral administration was given for treatment, and pathological changes in mouse lung tissue and organ indices were evaluated. The results of the study showed that the distribution of ephedrine, amygdalin, glycyrrhizic acid, and Ca~(2+) content was not uniform among different colloidal segments. Among them, the B segment had the highest proportions of the three components, except for Ca~(2+), accounting for 46.35%, 53.72%, and 92.36%, respectively. Size-exclusion chromatography separated colloidal particles with uniform morphology in the size range of 100-500 nm. Compared to the S and M segments, the B segment showed an increased lung index inhibition rate(38.31%), spleen index, and thymus index in RSV-infected mice, and it improved the infiltration of inflammatory cells and lung injury in the lung tissue of mice. The complex components in MXSG form colloidal particles of various sizes and morphologies through heating, and small-molecule active components such as ephedrine, amygdalin, glycyrrhizic acid, and Ca~(2+) participate in the assembly to varying degrees. The main material basis for the antiviral effect of MXSG is the colloidal particles with certain particle sizes formed by the assembly of active components during the heating process.

Effect of volleyball training on physical fitness and cardiopulmonary endurance of college students / Efeito do treinamento de vôlei sobre a aptidão física e a resistência cardiopulmonar de estudantes universitários / Efecto del entrenamiento de voleibol en la aptitud física y la resistencia cardiopulmonar de estudiantes universitarios

ABSTRACT Introduction: Volleyball consists mainly of aerobic activities, causing positive impacts on cardiopulmonary resistance and the physical fitness of college students. Studying scientifically the training impacts of this sport can provide a scientific reference to support student training. Objective: Study the effects of volleyball training on college students' physical fitness and cardiopulmonary endurance. Methods: Second-year physical education students at a university were randomly selected for the experiment (n=50). Divided into the experimental group - adopting volleyball training and practice and control - with traditional athletics, they underwent a full semester of targeted physical activities. Physical fitness and cardiopulmonary endurance tests were performed before and after the experiment, and the results of the test batteries were cataloged and statistically confronted. Results: The experimental class students' results were superior in the physical fitness tests(P<0.05). The difference in the impact on final inter-group cardiopulmonary resistance was not so evident, demonstrating that both interventions resulted in good conditioning. Conclusion: Volleyball training positively impacted college students' physical fitness and cardiopulmonary endurance. It also increased the students' interest in the sport, optimizing the college students' physical quality and improving their cardiopulmonary resistance. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies - investigating treatment outcomes.

RESUMO Introdução: O voleibol é constituído principalmente por atividades aeróbicas, causando impactos positivos sobre a resistência cardiopulmonar e aptidão física dos estudantes universitários. Estudar cientificamente os impactos do treinamento desse esporte pode fornecer uma referência científica para embasar o treinamento estudantil. Objetivo: Estudar os efeitos do treinamento de voleibol sobre a aptidão física e a resistência cardiopulmonar dos estudantes universitários. Métodos: Alunos do segundo ano de educação física em uma universidade foram selecionados aleatoriamente para o experimento (n=50). Divididos em grupo experimental - adotando treinamento e prática de voleibol e controle - com atletismo tradicional, foram submetidos a um semestre completo de atividades físicas direcionadas. Testes de aptidão física e resistência cardiopulmonar foram executados antes e após o experimento, os resultados das baterias de testes foram catalogados e confrontados estatisticamente. Resultados: Os resultados dos alunos da classe experimental foram superiores nas provas de aptidão física (P<0.05). A diferença no impacto sobre a resistência cardiopulmonar final inter-grupo não foi tão evidente, demonstrando que ambas intervenções acarretaram em um bom condicionamento. Conclusão: O treinamento de vôlei apresentou impactos positivos sobre a aptidão física e a resistência cardiopulmonar dos estudantes universitários. Também aumentou o interesse dos alunos pelo esporte, otimizando a qualidade física dos estudantes universitários e melhorando a sua resistência cardiopulmonar. Nível de evidência II; Estudos terapêuticos - investigação dos resultados do tratamento.

RESUMEN Introducción: El voleibol está constituido principalmente por actividades aeróbicas, causando impactos positivos en la resistencia cardiopulmonar y en la aptitud física de los estudiantes universitarios. Estudiar científicamente los impactos del entrenamiento de este deporte puede proporcionar una referencia científica en la que basar el entrenamiento de los alumnos. Objetivo: Estudiar los efectos del entrenamiento de voleibol sobre la aptitud física y la resistencia cardiopulmonar de estudiantes universitarios. Métodos: Para el experimento se seleccionaron aleatoriamente estudiantes de segundo curso de educación física de una universidad (n=50). Divididos en grupo experimental -que adoptó entrenamiento y práctica de voleibol- y control -con atletismo tradicional-, se sometieron a un semestre completo de actividades físicas dirigidas. Se realizaron pruebas de aptitud física y resistencia cardiopulmonar antes y después del experimento, se catalogaron los resultados de las baterías de pruebas y se confrontaron estadísticamente. Resultados: Los resultados de los alumnos de la clase experimental fueron superiores en las pruebas de aptitud física (P<0,05). La diferencia en el impacto sobre la resistencia cardiopulmonar final intergrupos no fue tan evidente, lo que demuestra que ambas intervenciones dieron lugar a un buen acondicionamiento. Conclusión: El entrenamiento de voleibol presentó impactos positivos sobre la aptitud física y la resistencia cardiopulmonar de los estudiantes universitarios. También aumentó el interés de los alumnos por el deporte, optimizando la calidad física de los universitarios y mejorando su resistencia cardiopulmonar. Nivel de evidencia II; Estudios terapéuticos - investigación de los resultados del tratamiento.

Influences of high-intensity interval training on physical ability in volleyball / Influências do treinamento intervalado de alta intensidade sobre a habilidade física do voleibol / Influencias del entrenamiento por intervalos de alta intensidad en la capacidad física del voleibol

ABSTRACT Introduction: Traditional physical training has a good effect on the improvement of strength and quality indicators of the athletes; however, recent pieces of evidence indicate that relating it to high-intensity interval training may reduce the physical problems of its practitioners, besides accelerating the physical skills required by volleyball. Objective: Study the application of high-intensity interval training on the physical ability of volleyball players. Methods: 40 volunteers were recruited, among freshmen and university students, practicing volleyball. They were divided equally into the control and experimental group. The control group used traditional physical training based on aerobic exercise, while the experimental group adopted a high-intensity interval training program. Each session lasted 1.5 hours, twice a week, for 9 weeks. Relevant physical and functional data were individually collected before and after the intervention, compared, and statistically analyzed. Results: There was an increase in the quality of the long-distance throw, horizontal pull force, 800 m run, 30 m run, cross jump, and repeated crossing experiment. Conclusion: The high-intensity interval training protocol raised the fitness level of volleyball players, allowing optimization of performance on the court. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies - investigation of treatment outcomes.

RESUMO Introdução: O treinamento físico tradicional apresenta um bom efeito na melhoria da força e dos indicadores de qualidade dos atletas, porém evidências recentes indicam que relaciona-lo ao treinamento intervalado de alta intensidade possa reduzir os problemas físicos de seus praticantes além de acelerar as habilidades físicas requeridas pelo voleibol. Objetivo: Estudar a aplicação do treinamento intervalado de alta intensidade sobre a habilidade física dos praticantes de voleibol. Métodos: Foram recrutados 40 voluntários entre calouros e alunos da universidade, praticantes de voleibol. Eles foram divididos igualmente em grupo controle e experimental. O grupo de controle utilizou o treinamento físico tradicional baseado em exercício aeróbico enquanto o experimental adotou o programa de treinamento intervalado de alta intensidade. Cada sessão durou 1,5 horas, duas vezes por semana, por 9 semanas. Os dados físicos e funcionais relevantes foram individualmente coletados antes e após a intervenção, comparados e analisados estatisticamente. Resultados: Houve um aumento na qualidade do arremesso de longa distância, força de tração horizontal, corrida de 800 m, corrida de 30 m, salto transversal e no experimento de cruzamento repetido. Conclusão: O protocolo de treinamento intervalado de alta intensidade elevou o nível de aptidão física nos jogadores de vôlei, permitindo uma otimização de desempenho na quadra. Nível de evidência II; Estudos terapêuticos - investigação dos resultados do tratamento.

RESUMEN Introducción: El entrenamiento físico tradicional tiene un buen efecto en la mejora de los indicadores de fuerza y calidad de los atletas; sin embargo, recientes evidencias indican que relacionarlo con el entrenamiento interválico de alta intensidad puede reducir los problemas físicos de sus practicantes, además de acelerar las habilidades físicas requeridas por el voleibol. Objetivo: Estudiar la aplicación del entrenamiento interválico de alta intensidad sobre la capacidad física de los practicantes de voleibol. Métodos: Se reclutaron 40 voluntarios, entre estudiantes de primer año y universitarios, practicantes de voleibol. Se dividieron a partes iguales en grupo de control y grupo experimental. El grupo de control utilizó un entrenamiento físico tradicional basado en ejercicios aeróbicos, mientras que el grupo experimental adoptó un programa de entrenamiento interválico de alta intensidad. Cada sesión duró 1,5 horas, dos veces por semana durante 9 semanas. Se recogieron individualmente datos físicos y funcionales relevantes antes y después de la intervención, se compararon y se analizaron estadísticamente. Resultados: Hubo un aumento en la calidad del lanzamiento de larga distancia, la fuerza de tracción horizontal, la carrera de 800 m, la carrera de 30 m, el salto cruzado y en el experimento de cruce repetido. Conclusión: El protocolo de entrenamiento interválico de alta intensidad elevó el nivel de condición física en jugadores de voleibol, permitiendo una optimización del rendimiento en la cancha. Nivel de evidencia II; Estudios terapéuticos - investigación de los resultados del tratamiento.