Effect Of Age, Gender And Type Of Varicosity On The Post-Operative Pain Score After Seven-Day Compression Dressing After Varicose Vein Surgery.

Great saphenous vein insufficiency is linked to 80% of all remarkable lower limb varicosities. A total of 30 patients were enrolled from OPD fulfilling the inclusion criteria after the approval of the hospital's ethical committee. Patients had compression dressing for seven days after surgery. The patients were divided into two groups-Group-A (Compression dressing for two days) and Group-B (Compression dressing for seven days). Stratification of pain score was done against age, gender, and grades of varicose veins, and after dividing into groups t- test was put into use. A p 20 value ≤0.05 was contemplated to be remarkable. Thirty patients with primary varicose vein were enrolled in this study. The mean age of patients was 35.4±9.9 years. Mean pain score in these patients was 2.9±0.8 years. Pain score after seven days of compression dressing after the surgery for varicose veins depend upon the gender, age, and grades of the varicosity of the veins. It is lesser in the females, younger age groups, and in those who had initially lesser severity of the varicose veins.

Experience of surgical management of rare cases of choledochal cyst in last five years-tertiary care reflection.

Choledochal Cyst (CC), also known as the biliary cyst, is one of the rare inherited anomalies of intrahepatic and/or extrahepatic biliary system characterised by varying degrees of cystic dilatation of the biliary tract without acute obstruction. The prevalence ranges from 1 in 13,000 people to 1 in 2 million people with preponderance in Asia1, particularly in Japan. Moreover, the presentation also varies in children and adults, and is usually vaguer and non-specific in adults. The prevalence is even lower in males, with female to male ratio being 3:1-4:12. We present here three cases of adult choledochal cysts excised in our surgical unit in the last five years. We discuss the aetiopathogenesis, presentation, diagnosis, surgical treatment, and complications of choledochal cysts based on the available literature. It is crucial to establish a multidisciplinary group of professionals, that comprises paediatric surgeons, pathologists, paediatric gastroenterologists, physiotherapists, nutritionists, oncologists, and radiologists, to get acceptable outcomes in diagnosing and treating children with choledochal cysts.

Comparison of outcome of compression dressing for two days Vs seven days after varicose surgery.

Incompetence of the great saphenous vein (GSV) is a global issue and the most prevalent cause of chronic venous disease of the leg. Clinical manifestations range from moderate to severe, including tiredness, heaviness, and irritation, as well as hyperpigmentation and leg ulcers. A study was conducted to address this controversy,1 i.e. to determine the outcome of compression dressing after varicose vein surgery in terms of postoperative pain, on the Surgical floor, of Mayo Hospital, Lahore, from October 1, 2020, to April 1, 2021. A total of 60 patients with Primary varicose veins were enrolled in this study, fulfilling the inclusion criteria after obtaining approval from the ethical committee of the hospital. The patients were divided in two groups. Group A wore compression dressing for two days after surgery and Group B wore compression dressing for seven days after surgery. All the patients received 1gm Paracetamol I/V eight hourly followed by tablet Paracetamol 500mg P/O eight hourly. Then the outcome of compression dressing was analysed in the form of mean postoperative pain. The mean pain score was assessed on one week. Data were entered in SSPS v23.0. Stratification of pain score was done against age, gender, and grades of varicose veins. A comparison of the two groups was done by applying a t-test. A p-value of ≤ 0.05 was considered significant. Prescribing compression stockings for longer than two days after Trendelenburg's procedure leads to reduced pain and improved physical function during the first week after treatment.

Inflammatory mediators as surrogates of malignancy.

Inflammation related to cancer occurs in the cellular vicinity of the tumour and is involved with predictions related to the course of disease and survival prognosis in varioua malignancies. These inflammatory markers affect different phases of tumourigenesis, i.e. carcinogenesis, tumour expansion, lymphovascular invasion, and distant metastasis, and, as a result, tumour cells can activate immune mediators and cells directly and/or chemokines as well as prostaglandins. Numbers of circulating different blood cells, i.e. lymphocytes, platelets, neutrophils and levels of plasma proteins, like C-reactive protein and interleukins that are components of inflammatory responses, are hallmarks of pathways leading to tumourigenesis. Thus, they can provide vital information in stratifying patients according to the risk and precisely targeted clinical care and outcome in malignancies. The current narrartive review was planned to discuss the role of platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio alongside the use of systemic immune inflammation index as the inflammatory mediators of malignancies along with overview of their role in different studies. It was also planned to recommend what the future studies should should aim at, including multiple risk factors, exposures and inflammatory profiles and as well as their combined interactions, for a better understanding of the role of the inflammatory mediators in malignancy.