Luteotropic and Luteolytic Factors Modulate the Expression of Nuclear Receptor Coregulators in Bovine Luteal Cells Independently of Histone Acetyltransferase and Histone Deacetylase Activities.

The aims of this study were to examine the effect of luteotropic and luteolytic factors on the mRNA and protein expression of the coactivators HAT: histone acetyltransferase p300 (P300), cyclic adenosine monophosphate response element-binding protein (CREB), and steroid receptor coactivator-1 (SRC-1) and the corepressor: nuclear receptor corepressor-2 (NCOR-2) in bovine luteal cells on days 6-10 and 16-20. HAT and HDAC activities were also measured. The obtained results showed that luteotropic and luteolytic factors influence changes in the mRNA and protein levels of the coregulators of PGRs. However, they did not affect the activity of related HAT and HDAC, respectively. Therefore, it is possible that these factors, through changes in the expression of nuclear receptor coactivators and corepressors, may affect the functioning of the nuclear receptors, including PGRs, in the bovine CL.

Health literacy and type of education intervention predicting post-education metered-dose inhaler misuse.

BACKGROUND: Asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) guidelines recommend self-management assessment and inhaler education at all care-visits. Assessment is vital for identifying inhaler misuse. Whether age-related factors impede the efficacy of educational interventions for inhaler technique among older patients is unknown. We aimed to study factors associated with metered-dose inhaler (MDI) misuse pre/post-inhaler education among younger (< 65) and older inpatient populations (≥ 65). METHODS: Adult inpatients with asthma or COPD enrolled across five studies between 2007 and 2017, who were eligible for, consented, and assigned to one of three education interventions (Brief Intervention [BI], Teach-to-Goal [TTG], Virtual Teach-to-Goal [V-TTG]) were included. Participants' visual acuity, health literacy, and MDI technique pre/post education were assessed using validated assessments. Binary logistic regression was used to investigate factors that increased odds of inhaler misuse. RESULTS: Across the five studies, 394 unique participants were enrolled with a mean age of 51.9 years (SD±15). There was no significant difference in baseline MDI misuse by age, vision, or health literacy levels. Post-education misuse use was lower among patients with better baseline MDI technique, those who received TTG or V-TTG education, and those with high health literacy. Neither age nor visual acuity were significantly associated with increased rates of misuse, although age was correlated with low health literacy. CONCLUSION: MDI education with teach-to-goal modalities is more effective than brief intervention; however, patients with low health literacy (disproportionately affecting older patients) may benefit less from these interventions. Further investigation into tailored inhaler education is needed.