Effect of Cryo-Processing on Platelet-Rich Autoplasma Preparations.

Platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) plays an important role in angiogenesis, affects activation of migration and proliferation of mesenchymal stem cells, fibroblasts, smooth muscle cells, osteoblasts; activation of migration of monocytes, macrophages, and neutrophils. The aim of the investigation was to study the effect of cryo-processing on the qualitative properties of platelet-rich autoplasma (PRP) at different time intervals. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Autologous plasma preparations were obtained from the blood of 31 donors. The biological material was prepared by double centrifugation according to the protocol for obtaining P-PRP and L-PRP. Platelet count and the concentration of growth factors (PDGF-AA and PDGF-BB) were studied in fresh PRP preparations. In frozen PRP samples, the concentration of PDGF-AA and PDGF-BB was determined 2 weeks after cryo-processing and 2 months after cryo-processing at -35 °Ð¡. P-PRP and L-PRP samples activated with 10% CaCl2 solution and those non-activated were studied. RESULTS: L-PRP preparations are significantly superior to P-PRP preparations: the concentration of platelets is 1.7 times higher in them. The level of PDGF-AA in non-activated L-PRP is 1.8 times higher than in non-activated P-PRP (p<0.05). The level of PDGF-AA is 1.5 times higher in activated L-PRP than in activated P-PRP (p<0.05). The level of PDGF-BB is 2.9 times higher in non-activated L-PRP than in non-activated P-PRP and 1.8 times higher in activated L-PRP than in activated P-PRP (p<0.05). The concentration of PDGF-BB in non-activated P-PRP sharply increases in the 2nd week after freezing and remains at the same level after 2 months (p<0.05). The concentration of PDGF-BB in activated plasma does not change (p>0.05). CONCLUSION: Cryo-processing of non-activated autologous L-PRP allows preserving and subsequently enhancing the properties of plasma concentrate, which makes it possible to apply it in clinical practice.

New viral biogeochemical roles revealed through metagenomic analysis of Lake Baikal.

BACKGROUND: Lake Baikal is the largest body of liquid freshwater on Earth. Previous studies have described the microbial composition of this habitat, but the viral communities from this ecosystem have not been characterized in detail. RESULTS: Here, we describe the viral diversity of this habitat across depth and seasonal gradients. We discovered 19,475 bona fide viral sequences, which are derived from viruses predicted to infect abundant and ecologically important taxa that reside in Lake Baikal, such as Nitrospirota, Methylophilaceae, and Crenarchaeota. Diversity analysis revealed significant changes in viral community composition between epipelagic and bathypelagic zones. Analysis of the gene content of individual viral populations allowed us to describe one of the first bacteriophages that infect Nitrospirota, and their extensive repertoire of auxiliary metabolic genes that might enhance carbon fixation through the reductive TCA cycle. We also described bacteriophages of methylotrophic bacteria with the potential to enhance methanol oxidation and the S-adenosyl-L-methionine cycle. CONCLUSIONS: These findings unraveled new ways by which viruses influence the carbon cycle in freshwater ecosystems, namely, by using auxiliary metabolic genes that act upon metabolisms of dark carbon fixation and methylotrophy. Therefore, our results shed light on the processes through which viruses can impact biogeochemical cycles of major ecological relevance. Video Abstract.

Interconnection of bacterial and phytoplanktonic communities with hydrochemical parameters from ice and under-ice water in coastal zone of Lake Baikal.

We analysed the relationship between the chemical complex (concentration of dissolved ions, nutrients, pH) and biological parameters (primary production, biomass of phytoplankton, abundance and activity of bacterial communities) at estuaries of rivers and coastal waters of Southern Baikal during the under-ice period. Correlation network analysis revealed CO2 to be the main limiting factor for the development of algae and microbial communities in the coastal zone of Lake Baikal. This study indicates that primarily reverse synthesis of bicarbonate and carbonate ions associated with the development of phytoplankton and accumulation of dissolved CO2 during photosynthesis regulates pH in the Baikal water. We did not detect the anthropogenic factors that influence the change in pH and acidification. Near the Listvyanka settlement (Lake Baikal, Listvennichnaya Bay), there was a great number of organotrophs and thermotolerant bacteria with low bacterioplankton activity and high concentration of organic carbon. This evidences eutrophication due to the influx of organic matter having an anthropogenic source. Nutrients produced during the bacterial destruction of this matter may explain the changes in bottom phytocenoses of Listvennichnaya Bay.

The effect of 16S rRNA region choice on bacterial community metabarcoding results.

In this work, we compare the resolution of V2-V3 and V3-V4 16S rRNA regions for the purposes of estimating microbial community diversity using paired-end Illumina MiSeq reads, and show that the fragment, including V2 and V3 regions, has higher resolution for lower-rank taxa (genera and species). It allows for a more precise distance-based clustering of reads into species-level OTUs. Statistically convergent estimates of the diversity of major species (defined as those that together are covered by 95% of reads) can be achieved at the sample sizes of 10000 to 15000 reads. The relative error of the Shannon index estimate for this condition is lower than 4%.

[Ultrasonic examination of the breast adipose grafts after mammoplasty]. / Ul'trazvukovoe issledovanie zhirovykh autotransplantatov molochnoi zhelezy posle korrigiruyushchei mammoplastiki.

AIM: To present the results of PRP-adipose grafts implanatation. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study included 25 patients after transplantation of autologous adipose tissue. Autotransplantation was performed to correct volume defects of breast and to restore lost volume after polyacrylamide gel removal in 4 patients; after mastectomy in 6 cases; after complicated replacement using silicone endoprostheses in 11 patients; after previous reduction in 2 cases; after augmentation mammoplasty in 2 cases. Mean age of patients was 42 years. Patients were divided into 2 groups. Group 1 included 12 patients in whom pure adipose tissue was transplanted. Group 2 consisted of 13 patients who received autologous fat with platelet-rich plasma (PRP). RESULTS: Dynamic ultrasonic monitoring showed early resorption processes (liponecrosis foci) after autologous fat injection. Locally increased vascular pattern of breast tissue is an inflammatory sign requiring anti-inflammatory therapy. PRP-adipose grafts have improved outcomes.

[Detection of methane in the water column at gas and oil seep sites in central and southern Lake Baikal].

Microbiological and biogeochemical investigation of the water column of oligotrophic Lake Baikal at the sites of the K2 and Bolshoy mud volcanoes and the Gorevoy Utes oil seep was carried out in July 2013. Total microbial numbers (TMN), cell numbers of type I and type II methanotrophs, and methane concentrations were measured; the rate of methane oxidation was determined. Methane concentrations in Lake Baikal water column varied from 0.09 to 1 µL/L, while methane oxidation rates varied from 0.007 to 0.9 nL/(L day). The highest rates of methane oxidation were revealed in the near-bottom water horizons at the sites of the Bolshoy mud volcano and the Gorevoy Utes oil seep. These were the sites where the most pronounced anomalies in methane concentration were also detected. TMN varied from 0.123 x 10(6) to 1.64 x 10(6) cells/mL. Methanotrophic bacteria were revealed in the water column at all sites, their abundance did not always correlate with methane concentrationsand the rates of methane oxidation. Methanotrophs constituted not more than 1.63% of the total microbial number, with their highest abundance in the upper 200 m of the water column.

[THE USE OF THE SCREENING-ASSESSMENT OF THE HEALTH LEVEL OF SCHOOLCHILDREN IN THE PREVENTIVE WORK OF THE TEACHER].

In the paper there are presented results of the research performed with the aid of the automated software complex "Health Express". There was determined the role of the participation of the pupil himself in an assessment of a state of his health, indices ofphysical development and psychological characteristics. There was proved the expediency of the active involvement of schoolchildren to the shaping of the program of activities on preservation and strengthening of a state of their health. There was shown the role of preventive work of the school teacher.

[ASSESSMENT OF ANXIETY AND DEPRESSION STATES IN ADOLESCENTS AS THE INITIAL STAGE FOR PSYCHOPROPHYLACTIC WORK IN SCHOOL].

In the article there are presented data of the study of psycho-physiological indices of higher nervous activity in adolescents, there are established the interrelationships between the type of temperament and the level of performance of schoolchildren. There was made en evaluation of the prevalence of depressive states in 8th graders, defined the frequency of occurrence of various levels of anxiety. There are denoted basic directions of the preventive work on the anxiety level down in senior schoolchildren; as well as measures aimed at reduction of the number of students with depressive states.