Hydrodynamic Manifestations of Gravitational Chiral Anomaly.

The conservation of an axial current modified by the gravitational chiral anomaly implies the universal transport phenomenon (kinematical vortical effect) dependent solely on medium vorticity and acceleration, but not dependent explicitly on its temperature and density. This general analysis is verified for the case of massless fermions with spin-1/2.

Relationship between TEC jumps and auroral substorm in the high-latitude ionosphere.

The influence of an auroral substorm on the total electron content (TEC) jumps and cycle slips on Global Positioning System (GPS) at high-latitudes is studied. For the first time, optical data from the all-sky imager, as well as interplanetary magnetic field and magnetometer data are used to complete the analysis of the slips occurrence and to monitor the substorm evolution. Two types of slips are considered: (i) instrumental slips including losses in the measured phase of the GPS signal and (ii) sharp TEC variations (TEC jumps) It is demonstrated that the jumps in TEC determined from the GPS signals are mainly related to the auroral particle precipitation that normally occurs during geomagnetic substorms in the polar ionosphere. The GPS frequency [Formula: see text] is consistently subject to more slips than frequency [Formula: see text] both for quiet and disturbed conditions. The probability of TEC jumps is higher than for cycle slips in phase at frequencies [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text]. The maximum of TEC jumps is observed during the recovery phase of the auroral substorm. Our findings are based on a data set obtained for a particular event. A generalization of the obtained numerical estimates to other events requires additional research and further analysis.

QCD and strongly coupled gauge theories: challenges and perspectives.

We highlight the progress, current status, and open challenges of QCD-driven physics, in theory and in experiment. We discuss how the strong interaction is intimately connected to a broad sweep of physical problems, in settings ranging from astrophysics and cosmology to strongly coupled, complex systems in particle and condensed-matter physics, as well as to searches for physics beyond the Standard Model. We also discuss how success in describing the strong interaction impacts other fields, and, in turn, how such subjects can impact studies of the strong interaction. In the course of the work we offer a perspective on the many research streams which flow into and out of QCD, as well as a vision for future developments.

[Choice of optimal perfusion flow rate during surgical correction of combined acquired heart diseases].

Cardiac output during the use of cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) is defined by perfusion flow rate, which is calculated by multiplying the perfusion index (PI) on the body surface area. To date, there is no clear definition of an optimal PI and flow rate of perfusion. 60 patients operated with CPB were enrolled in the prospective study to determine the relations between different modes of perfusion and oxygen transport during surgical correction of combined valvular heart disease. Calculation of the CPB flow rate was based on PI 2.5 and 3.0 l/min/m2. Results of the study demonstrate that perfusion based on PI 2.5 l/min/m2 provides more stable oxygen transport parameters and reduces the time of ICU stay in comparison with the flow rate based on PI 3.0 l/min/m2.

Combining infrared and low-temperature asymptotes in Yang-Mills theories.

We demonstrate that the powerlike nonperturbative behavior of gluon and ghost propagators in the infrared limit of Yang-Mills theories can provide at finite temperatures T a negative T4 contribution to the pressure and energy density. The existence of a mass gap then implies new relations between the infrared critical exponents of gluon and ghost propagators.

[Method of surgical treatment of critical ischemia of lower extremities in patients with occlusive injuries of shin arteries].

The work describes a new method of restoration of blood circulation in patients with critical ischemia of the lower extremities of atherosclerotic genesis with a distal type of damage of the arterial bed. In 52 patients with the saved lumen of the distal part of the shin and little capacity of the distal bed reconstructive operations were performed by the developed technique. Reconstructive operations were fulfilled on 45 (86.5%) patients with the saved patency of the distal third of the posterior tibial artery, in 7 (13.5%) patients--of the anterior tibial artery. Thrombosis of the arterial bed occurred in 2 patients with saved patency of the vein in 3 weeks after operation. No recurrence of the critical ischemia of the extremity was observed. Thrombosis of the distal segment of the foot vein was found in 3 patients with the saved patency of the arterial bed in the period from 3 days to 4 weeks. Thrombosis of the venous shunt due to embolism of the cut off cusps of the venous valve was observed in 2 patients on the first day after operation. Thromboectomy from the shunt was fulfilled in these patients followed by recovery of blood circulation. Long-term results were followed up to 24 months. The shunt patency was 68%, the extremity was saved in 87% of the cases.

Magnetic component of Yang-Mills plasma.

Confinement in non-Abelian gauge theories is commonly ascribed to percolation of magnetic monopoles, or strings in the vacuum. At the deconfinement phase transition the condensed magnetic degrees of freedom are released into gluon plasma as thermal magnetic monopoles. We point out that within the percolation picture, lattice simulations can be used to estimate the monopole content of the gluon plasma. We show that right above the critical temperature the monopole density remains a constant function of temperature, as in a liquid, and then grows, as in a gas.

On the significance of the vector potential squared.

We consider the gauge potential A and argue that the minimum value of the volume integral of A2 (in Euclidean space) may have physical meaning, particularly in connection with the existence of topological structures. A lattice simulation comparing compact and noncompact "photodynamics" shows a jump in this quantity at the phase transition, supporting this idea.

[The medical rehabilitation of the veterans of wars and local armed conflicts]. / Meditsinskaia reabilitatsiia uchastnikov voin i lokal'nykh vooruzhennykh konfliktov.

In the authors' opinion the scientific researches for the optimum meaningful quality and volume of remedial and recuperative procedures for the veterans of war and local conflicts are considered to be an important problem for their medical rehabilitation. Another actual problem is to disclose objective regularities of changes in the human organism under the influence of extreme situations. A number of medical establishments including the National Research Institute on the problems of medical rehabilitation of veterans of war and local conflicts must be called up to solve these problems.