Viremia and antibody response in green monkeys (Chlorocebus aethiops sabaeus) infected with dengue virus type 2: a potential model for vaccine testing.

The increasingly limited availability and high cost of the hitherto most commonly used monkey species in dengue vaccine research has augmented the importance of identifying alternative suitable models for these studies. In this study we examined the capacity of green monkeys (Chlorocebus aethiops sabaeus) to develop dengue viremia, and thus provide a potential model for dengue vaccine testing. Monkeys were inoculated with two different doses of dengue virus type 2. All animals in both groups became viremic after inoculation of the virus. In the lower dose group, mean viremia duration of 5.66 days was detected, whereas in the group that received the 106 PFU dose, viremia had a mean duration of only 1.66 days. Antibody titers were similar to those obtained in previous experiments with rhesus and cynomolgus macaques. We conclude that green monkeys develop viremia and antibody responses and therefore provide a potential model for the preclinical evaluation of novel candidates for dengue vaccines.

Etiología de la infección urinaria en Urgencias. Estudio observacional prospectivo / Urinary infection tract in emergency department. A prospective observational study of the causative microorganism

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Epidemiología de las lesiones deportivas atendidas en urgencias / Emergency treatment of sports injuries: an epidemiologic study

Objetivos: Analizar la epidemiología asistencial en la patología de causa deportiva y su impacto en el servicio de urgencias hospitalario (SUH).Método: Estudio observacional, descriptivo y prospectivo, de 2.000 lesiones deportivas consecutivas atendidas en un SUH durante un periodo de 4 años. Las variables seleccionadas fueron: edad, género, actividad deportiva, tipo de lesión, localización de la lesión, tratamiento y destino tras la atención urgente. Resultados: La mayoría de asistencias por lesiones deportivas se producen en varones(85%), con una edad media de 26 ± 10 años. El deporte que más lesiones aporta es el fútbol (49,5%), seguido del ciclismo (9,5%) y del baloncesto (8,7%). La mayoría de las lesiones se localizan en el miembro inferior (56%), principalmente contusiones (33,8%)y lesiones ligamentosas (30,1%). La mayoría de los pacientes precisó tratamiento ortopédico(79,2%), el 92% de las atenciones fueron resueltas por el propio SUH. Cuando precisaron ingreso, éste se produjo principalmente en traumatología (64%).Conclusiones: El paciente que consulta por lesión deportiva en nuestra área es un varón joven que sufre una contusión en el miembro inferior, recibe tratamiento ortopédico y es resuelto por el SUH sin intervención de otras especialidades. La elevada incidencia de lesiones deportivas, que conllevan tratamiento ortopédico, en personas jóvenes debe ser tenida en cuenta en relación con su repercusión socio-laboral (AU)

Objectives: To analyze epidemiologic patterns related to the treatment of sports-related injuries and the impact these injuries have on a hospital emergency department’s caseload. Methods: We carried out a prospective observational study to describe 2000 sports injuries treated consecutively over a period of 4 years. The variables studied were age, gender, sport, type of injury, location of injury, treatment provided in the hospital emergency department, and destination at discharge from the department. Results: Most sports lesions were in males (85%). The mean (SD) age of all sports-injured patients was 25.99 (10) years. Football (soccer) caused the largest proportion of injuries (49.5%) and was followed by cycling (9.5%) and basketball (8.7%).Most injuries involved a lower limb (56%). Bruises accounted for 33.8% of the caseload and ligament injuries for 30.1%.Orthopedic treatment was applied in 79.2% of the cases. Ninety-two percent of the injuries were treated inside the emergency department. When patients required hospitalization, the admitting department was usually traumatology (64%).Conclusions: The patient who seeks treatment for a sports injury in our practice area is usually male and around 25 years of age. The injury, usually bruising of a lower limb, is generally resolved by emergency department staff without assistance from other departments. The elevated incidence of sports injuries, require orthopedic treatment in young persons should be taken into consideration given the social and employment-related repercussions (AU)

[Clinical experience with levosimendan in the emergency department of a tertiary care hospital]. / Experiencia clínica con levosimendán en un servicio de urgencias de un hospital de tercer nivel.

The efficacy and safety of levosimendan administration in patients with acute heart failure admitted to intensive care units has been well established. However, no information is available on the drug's beneficial effects in emergency departments. We studied 40 patients with acute heart failure who showed no or only partial improvement after conventional treatment and who received levosimendan during the period 2005-2006. The patients' mean age was 76 (9) years. The most common etiology was ischemic heart disease, and 85% of patients were in New York Heart Association (NYHA) class III or IV. The clinical response was favorable in 82% of patients, while adverse effects occurred in 18%. Some 70% were admitted to the emergency department short-stay unit. These findings indicate that levosimendan can be used safely and effectively in hospital emergency departments.

Experiencia clínica con levosimendán en un servicio de urgencias de un hospital de tercer nivel / Clinical experience with levosimendan in the emergency department of a tertiary care hospital

La eficacia y la seguridad de la administración de levosimendán en las unidades de cuidados intensivos en pacientes con insuficiencia cardiaca aguda está bien establecida, pero no hay pruebas científicas de sus efectos favorables en los servicios de urgencias (SUH). Hemos estudiado a 40 pacientes con insuficiencia cardiaca aguda con ausencia de mejoría o mejoría parcial tras tratamiento convencional a los que se administró levosimendán entre 2005 y 2006. La media de edad fue de 76 ± 9 años. La cardiopatía isquémica fue la etiología más frecuente; el 85% de los pacientes se encontraba en estadio III-IV de la New York Heart Association. La respuesta clínica fue favorable en un 82% de los pacientes y sólo un 18% presentó efectos adversos. El 70% de los pacientes ingresó en la unidad de corta estancia dependiente del SUH. Los resultados obtenidos indican que levosimendán puede utilizarse de forma segura y eficaz en los SUH (AU)

The efficacy and safety of levosimendan administration in patients with acute heart failure admitted to intensive care units has been well established. However, no information is available on the drug's beneficial effects in emergency departments. We studied 40 patients with acute heart failure who showed no or only partial improvement after conventional treatment and who received levosimendan during the period 2005-2006. The patients' mean age was 76 (9) years. The most common etiology was ischemic heart disease, and 85% of patients were in New York Heart Association (NYHA) class III or IV. The clinical response was favorable in 82% of patients, while adverse effects occurred in 18%. Some 70% were admitted to the emergency department short-stay unit. These findings indicate that levosimendan can be used safely and effectively in hospital emergency departments (AU)