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OBJECTIVE: Exploring the effect of Optimized New Shengmai powder (, ONSMP) on myocardial fibrosis in heart failure (HF) based on rat sarcoma (RAS)/rapidly accelerated fibrosarcoma (RAF)/mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (MEK)/extracellular regulated protein kinases (ERK) signaling pathway. METHODS: Randomized 70 Sprague-Dawley rats into sham (n = 10) and operation (n = 60) groups, then established the HF rat by ligating the left anterior descending branch of the coronary artery. We randomly divided the operation group rats into the model, ONSMP [including low (L), medium (M), and high (H) dose], and enalapril groups. After the 4-week drug intervention, echocardiography examines the cardiac function and calculates the ratios of the whole/left heart to the rat's body weight. Finally, we observed the degree of myocardial fibrosis by pathological sections, determined myocardium collagen (COL) I and COL â ¢ content by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, detected the mRNA levels of COL I, COL â ¢, α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), and c-Fos proto-oncogene (c-Fos) by universal real-time, and detected the protein expression of p-RAS, p-RAF, p-MEK1/2, p-ERK1/2, p-ETS-like-1 transcription factor (p-ELK1), p-c-Fos, α-SMA, COL I, and COL â ¢ by Western blot. RESULTS: ONSMP can effectively improve HF rat's cardiac function, decrease cardiac organ coefficient, COL volume fraction, and COL I/â ¢ content, down-regulate the mRNA of COL I/â ¢, α-SMA and c-Fos, and the protein of p-RAS, p-RAF, p-MEK1/ 2, p-ERK1/2, p-ELK1, c-Fos, COL â /â ¢, and α-SMA. CONCLUSIONS: ONSMP can effectively reduce myocardial fibrosis in HF rats, and the mechanism may be related to the inhibition of the RAS/RAF/MEK/ERK signaling pathway.
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Combinação de Medicamentos , Medicamentos de Ervas Chinesas , Fibrose , Insuficiência Cardíaca , Ratos Sprague-Dawley , Animais , Ratos , Medicamentos de Ervas Chinesas/administração & dosagem , MAP Quinases Reguladas por Sinal Extracelular/metabolismo , MAP Quinases Reguladas por Sinal Extracelular/genética , Fibrose/tratamento farmacológico , Insuficiência Cardíaca/tratamento farmacológico , Insuficiência Cardíaca/genética , Insuficiência Cardíaca/metabolismo , Insuficiência Cardíaca/fisiopatologia , Insuficiência Cardíaca/etiologia , Sistema de Sinalização das MAP Quinases/efeitos dos fármacos , Quinases de Proteína Quinase Ativadas por Mitógeno/metabolismo , Quinases de Proteína Quinase Ativadas por Mitógeno/genética , Miocárdio/metabolismo , Miocárdio/patologia , Sarcoma/tratamento farmacológico , Sarcoma/genética , Sarcoma/metabolismo , Transdução de Sinais/efeitos dos fármacosRESUMO
Objective To investigate the effects of Optimized New Shengmai Powder on myocardial fibrosis in rats with heart failure based on the β1-AR/cAMP/PKA/CREB signaling pathway.Methods Totally 50 SD rats were randomly divided into sham-operation group(10 rats)and operation group(40 rats).The left anterior descending coronary artery was ligated to establish a rat model of heart failure.The modeling rats were randomly divided into the model group,the captopril group,and TCM low-and high-dosage groups,with 8 rats in each group.The administration groups received relevant medicine for gavage for 4 weeks.LVEF and LVFS in rats were detected by echocardiography,and measurement of heart and lung mass and calculation of heart and lung organ coefficients were performed,myocardial fibrosis degree was observed by histopathology,serum NT-ProBNP and cAMP,Col Ⅰ,and Col Ⅲcontent in myocardial tissue were detected by ELISA,immunohistochemical was used to detect β1-AR,cAMP positive expression,and Western blot was used to detect the expression of β1-AR/cAMP/PKA/CREB signaling pathway related proteins.Results Compared with the sham-operation group,the LVEF and LVFS of the model group rats were significantly decreased(P<0.01),and the heart and lung organ coefficient significantly increased(P<0.01);the number of myocardial cells decreased,collagen volume fraction increased,and the proportion of type Ⅰ/Ⅲcollagen fibers increased(P<0.01),the contents of serum NT-ProBNP and myocardial tissue Col Ⅰ and Col Ⅲincreased significantly,while the cAMP content in myocardial tissue decreased significantly(P<0.01),the positive expressions of β1-AR and cAMP were significantly decreased(P<0.01),the expressions of β1-AR,AC1,cAMP,p-PKA,and p-CREB proteins were significantly decreased,while protein expressions of p-Smad2,Col Ⅰ,Col Ⅲ,and α-SMA significantly increased(P<0.05,P<0.01).Compared with the model group,the administration groups could increase LVEF and LVFS and decrease heart and lung organ coefficient to different degrees in rats;increase the number of myocardial cells,decrease collagen volume fraction and the proportion of type Ⅰ/Ⅲ collagen fibers,down-regulate serum NT-ProBNP and the content of Col Ⅰ and Col Ⅲ in myocardial tissue,up-regulate the content of cAMP,increase the positive expressions of β1-AR and cAMP in myocardial tissue,up-regulate β1-AR,AC1,cAMP,p-PKA,p-CREB protein expression,and inhibit p-Smad2,Col Ⅰ,Col Ⅲ,and α-SMA protein expression,in which the effects of the TCM high-dosage group and captopril group were more pronounced(P<0.01,P<0.05).Conclusion Optimized New Shengmai Powder can effectively reduce myocardial fibrosis in heart failure rats,improve myocardial hypertrophy and remodeling,and increase left ventricular contractility,and the mechanism may be related to the activation of the β1-AR/cAMP/PKA/CREB signaling pathway.
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ObjectiveTo analyze the trends, cooperation, topics and hotspots of researches about multi-level rehabilitation service system in China. MethodsThe literature on multi-level rehabilitation service system in China was searched and screened in databases of CNKI from 1983 to 2023. The number of the articles was described, and the cooperation, research hotspots and changing trend were analyzed using VOSviewer. ResultsA total of 4 643 articles were included. The number of the articles tended to increase and developed in stages. Nine groups with five or more researchers were found, and seven of them cooperated with each other. The most frequent keywords were community-based rehabilitation (occurrence 1 251 with connection strength 1 780), stroke (occurrence 674 with connection strength 1 126), family rehabilitation (occurrence 412 with connection strength 514), rehabilitation nursing (occurrence 178 with connection strength 240) and quality of life (occurrence 156 with connection strength 311). The researchers initially focused on disability rehabilitation, then focused on community-based rehabilitation and family rehabilitation, and gradually focused on the quality of life, activities of daily living, satisfaction, mental health, negative emotion and healthcare consortium in recent years. ConclusionThe researches about multi-level rehabilitation service system are developing in China, focusing on community-based rehabilitation, stroke, family rehabilitation, rehabilitation nursing and quality of life. The cooperation among scholar groups need to be strengthened. Quality of life, activities of daily living, satisfaction, mental health, negative emotion and healthcare consortium may be the hotspots in the future.
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Objective:To explore the predictive value of 18F-FDG PET/CT metabolic parameters combined with inflammatory markers for the medium-term efficacy of chemotherapy in patients with primary gastrointestinal diffuse large B cell lymphoma (PGI-DLBCL). Methods:From April 2011 to May 2020, 67 patients (37 males, 30 females, age: 28-85 years) with PGI-DLBCL examined by 18F-FDG PET/CT before chemotherapy in Changhai Hospital, Navy Medical University were retrospectively analyzed. All patients were treated with cyclophosphamide+ doxorubicin+ vincristine+ prednisone (CHOP) or rituximab+ CHOP (R-CHOP) regimens, and the medium-term efficacy was evaluated after 2-4 cycles of chemotherapy. The effect outcome was divided into complete remission (CR) group and non-CR (NCR) group based on the Lugano lymphoma response evaluation criteria. Mann-Whitney U test was used to compare the differences of SUV max, peak of SUV (SUV peak), metabolic tumor volume (MTV), total lesion glycolysis (TLG), platelet/lymphocyte ratio (PLR) and neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR) between two groups. The independent risk factors of NCR were analyzed by multivariate logistic regression and the binary logistic regression model was established according to the results. The model was tested with external validation data ( n=15). Results:Of 67 PGI-DLBCL patients, 28(41.8%) were CR and 39(58.2%) were NCR. SUV peak, MTV, TLG, PLR and NLR in NCR group (17.3(12.3, 28.1), 73.8(42.9, 141.7) cm 3, 887.5(300.9, 2 075.3) g, 203.9(155.7, 297.1), 3.9(3.0, 4.9)) were significantly higher than those in CR group (9.5(6.2, 15.2), 11.3(4.7, 23.2) cm 3, 85.2(35.5, 214.6) g, 149.3(102.8, 173.1), 2.2(1.8, 4.6); z values: from -6.41 to -2.33, all P<0.05). The logistic regression model was as follows: P=1/(1+ e - x), x=0.100×MTV+ 0.024×PLR-8.064. The prediction accuracy for NCR risk was 86.57%(58/67), with the accuracy of 13/15 tested by external validation data. Conclusion:MTV combined with PLR has a good predictive value for medium-term efficacy of CHOP/R-CHOP chemotherapy in patients with PGI-DLBCL.
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ObjectiveTo analyze the HIV infection characteristics and influencing factors among the spouses of HIV/AIDS patients in Shanghai. MethodsA cross-sectional survey was conducted to collect demographic, behavioral, epidemiological and spousal HIV detection information of newly reported and married patients with HIV/AIDS in Shanghai from January 2018 to July 2022 in the comprehensive HIV prevention and control information system of Chinese Center for Disease Prevention and Control. Descriptive analysis was used to analyze the HIV positivity rate of the spouses of HIV patients and the influencing factors were analyzed by univariate and multivariate logistic regression models. ResultsA total of 1 233 subjects were investigated, and the first HIV-testing positivity rate of the spouses of HIV/AIDS patients was 29.3% (361/1 233). There were statistically significant differences in the HIV-testing positivity rate among spouses of HIV/AIDS patients by different age, gender, education level, occupation, transmission route, quantity of non-marital sexual activities, quantity of homo-sexual activities, and baseline CD4 cell count level (P<0.05). Spouses of the HIV/AIDS patients aged ≥65 years old, female, heterosexual transmission, less non-marital sex, and no history of homosexual sex had relatively high HIV positive rate. The HIV-positive detection rate of spouses in the ≥65 age group was 1.81 times higher than that in the <45 age group. The HIV-positive detection rate of spouses in the female group was 3.66 times higher than that in the male group, and the HIV-positive detection rate of spouses in the homosexual transmission group was 0.25 times higher than that of the heterosexual transmission group. ConclusionRisk awareness of HIV infection among married people with spouses should be improved. The key populations with the characteristics such as females as the first HIV-positive reporter, and heterosexual transmission should be paid special attention.Their spouses should be mobilized to conduct HIV-testing as early as possible
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In February 2023, the European Neuroendocrine Tumor Society (ENETS) offi-cially released guidance paper for digestive neuroendocrine carcinoma. Based on the latest develop-ments and research results, the guidelines provide detailed explanations and practical recommen-dations on the epidemiology, diagnosis, prognostic indicators, treatment, and other aspects of digestive neuroendocrine carcinoma. The authors aim to interpret the key contents of the guidelines in order to further provide standardized clinical diagnosis and treatment processes.
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Objectives:Microvascular obstruction (MVO) is a specific cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging feature in patients with acute myocardial infarction. The purpose of this study was to elucidate the predictive value of MVO in left ventricular adverse remodeling after primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in patients with acute ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI).Methods:A total of 167 patients with STEMI undergoing primary PCI in the Chinese PLA General Hospital from 2016 to 2020 were enrolled in this prospective cohort study, the average age of study patients was 57±10 years old, with 151 males (90.4%) and 16 females (9.6%). The patients were divided into the MVO group ( n=81) and non-MVO group ( n=86) according to the presence or absence of MVO on CMR imaging, respectively. The primary endpoint of the study was the occurrence of left ventricular adverse remodeling, which was defined as an increase in left ventricular end diastolic volume (LVEDV) by >20% at 6 months after primary PCI compared with the baseline. Patients who completed follow-up were diagnosed as left ventricular adverse remodeling or no left ventricular adverse remodeling according to CMR. The baseline data, perioperative data, and related data of end points were compared between the MVO group and non-MVO group. Finally, the predictive value of MVO in left ventricular adverse remodeling was calculated by receiver operating characteristic curve analysis. Results:In the baseline data, preoperative thrombolysis in myocardial infarction (TIMI) flow ( χ2=13.74, P=0.003) and postoperative TIMI flow ( χ2=14.87, P=0.001) were both obviously decreased in the MVO group. After 6 months of follow-up, the incidence of left ventricular adverse remodeling in the MVO group was significantly higher than that in the non-MVO group [37.0%(27/73) vs. 18.9%(14/74), χ2=5.96, P=0.015]. The left ventricular end systolic volume at 6 months post infarction in the MVO group was significantly larger than that in the non-MVO group [(94±32) vs. (68±20) ml, t=-5.98, P<0.001], as well as the LVEDV [(169±38) vs. (143±29) ml, t=-4.74, P<0.001]. Receiver operating characteristic curve showed that the area under the curve of MVO size for predicting left ventricular adverse remodeling was 0.637. Conclusion:The risk of left ventricular adverse remodeling is significantly increased in patients with MVO after primary PCI for acute STEMI.
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In order to adapt to the development of market economy, the original medical institutions run by state-owned enterprises have undergone restructuring reform, but these medical institutions have not fully played their role. Through the sampling survey and research interviews of several medical institutions run by state-owned enterprises, it was found that many problems such as unclear functional positioning, imperfect regional health planning, unclear responsible subjects and inadequate financial support hindered the development of medical institutions run by state-owned enterprises. In order to develop healthily, medical institutions run by state-owned enterprises need to cooperate with various parties to improve supporting policies, optimize their business environment, and build and improve the health service system.
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With the deepening reform of state-owned enterprise-run medical institutions, a large number of medical institutions have entered the state-owned enterprises dominated by the health industry through resource integration. The research team conducted in-depth research on six medical institutions run by state-owned enterprises and analyzed the effect of resource integration. The research found that the investment of the holding enterprises in hospitals was significantly increased, the talent team tended to be stable, and the scope and volume of medical services were improved, but there were still problems such as insufficient participation in market competition and large differences in hospital operation, which needed to be further explored in practice.
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Objective:To explore the effect of visual mind mapping based on Mini-CEX evaluation combined with case-based learning (CBL) on improving the learning ability and teaching satisfaction of nursing students in department of general surgery.Methods:A total of 120 nurses rotating in the Department of General Surgery, Panzhihua Central Hospital (Clinical Medical College of Panzhihua University) from September 2019 to July 2020 were selected as research objects, and randomly divided into a control group and a study group, with 60 nurses in each group. The control group used traditional teaching, and the study group used visual mind mapping based on Mini-CEX evaluation combined with CBL. After the training, the clinical comprehensive ability of the nurses was evaluated by theoretical and practical assessment, and the self-learning ability and teaching satisfaction of the nurses were analyzed through self-made questionnaire survey. SPSS 22.0 was used for t test and chi-square test. Results:The theoretical and practical assessment scores of nursing students in the study group were significantly higher than those in the control group[(95.01±3.52) vs. (83.26±4.05); (96.14±3.22) vs. (81.17±4.30)] ( P=0.001). Before the rotation training, there was no statistical difference between the study group and the control group in the scores of self-motivation beliefs, task analysis, self-monitoring and adjustment, and self-evaluation ( P>0.05). After the rotation training, the scores of above 4 aspects were significantly higher in study group than the control group ( P<0.05). The nurse trainees in the study group were significantly superior to those in control group in the following 7 aspects: reasonable arrangement of the teaching plan, novelty of the teaching mode, improvement of clinical nursing skills, improvement of the nurse-patient communication ability, improvement of the emergency response ability, and overall teaching satisfaction ( P=0.001). Conclusion:Visual mind mapping based on Mini-CEX evaluation combined with CBL applied to clinical teaching training of nursing students in the department of general surgery can effectively improve the effectiveness of nursing teaching and teaching satisfaction, improve the learning ability of nurses, and improve the nursing level of nursing students in the department of general surgery.
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Objective:To study the glypican 3 (GPC3) fluorescent probe imagings in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) tissues and to determine its prognostic value in HCC patients.Methods:The data of 87 patients who were treated at the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University from January 2019 to August 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. There were 75 males and 12 females, with the age of (56.1±11.9) years. The expressions of GPC3 were measured by immunohistochemistry and by the fluorescent probe. The results obtained by these two tests were compared. Patients were followed up for recurrence after hepatectomy. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses were used to analyze factors influencing recurrence-free survival.Results:Detection of the GPC3 expression by GPC3 fluorescence probe was consistent with the results obtained by immunohistochemical studies ( Kappa=0.84, P<0.001). The positive rates of GPC3 fluorescent probe was 79.3%(69/87), compared with 80.4%(70/87) by immunohistochemistry studies, with no significant difference between the two groups ( P>0.05). The patients were then divided into the low differentiation group ( n=30) and the middle high differentiation group ( n=57) by the degrees of tumor differentiation. The fluorescence intensity in the low differentiation group was 134.4(128.0, 144.7) a. u. which was significantly different from the middle high differentiation group of 84.8(0, 108.5)a.u. ( Z=-7.52, P<0.001). The median fluorescence intensity of 87 patients with HCC was 108.6 a. u.. Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that patients with a GPC3 fluorescence intensity ≥108.6 a. u. ( HR=2.07, 95% CI: 1.21-3.53, P=0.008) had a significant increased risk of recurrence after hepatectomy. Conclusion:The expressions of GPC3 in HCC were consistent between the studies by using either a GPC3 specific fluorescent probe or immunohistochemistry studies. A GPC3 fluorescence intensity ≥108.6 a. u. was a risk factor of recurrence after hepatectomy in patients with HCC.
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Aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) is a devastating disease, which mainly caused by the rupture of an intracranial aneurysm. Clinical trials have demonstrated that cerebral vasospasm (CVS) is not the sole contributor to delayed cerebral ischemia (DCI) and poor outcomes in patients with aSAH. Currently, accumulating evidence suggests that early brain injury (EBI), which occurs within 72 h after the onset of aSAH, lays the foundation for subsequent pathophysiological changes and poor outcomes of patients. The pathological mechanisms of EBI mainly include increased intracranial pressure, oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, blood-brain barrier (BBB) disruption, cerebral edema and cell death. Among them, the brain immune inflammatory responses involve a variety of immune cells and active substances, which play an important role in EBI after aSAH and may be related to DCI and long-term outcomes. Thus, attention should be paid to strategies targeting cerebral immune inflammatory responses. In this review, we discuss the role of immune inflammatory responses in the occurrence and development of aSAH, as well as some inflammatory biomarkers related to CVS, DCI, and aSAH outcomes. In addition, we also summarize the potential therapeutic drugs that target cerebral immune inflammatory responses for patients with aSAH in current research.
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Inflamação/imunologia , Hemorragia Subaracnóidea/imunologia , Animais , Biomarcadores , Humanos , Inflamação/patologia , Hemorragia Subaracnóidea/patologiaRESUMO
Subject recruitment is a key component that affects the progress and results of clinical trials, and generally conducted with eligibility criteria (includes inclusion criteria and exclusion criteria). The semantic category analysis of eligibility criteria can help optimizing clinical trials design and building automated patient recruitment system. This study explored the automatic semantic categories classification of Chinese eligibility criteria based on artificial intelligence by academic shared task. We totally collected 38 341 annotated eligibility criteria sentences and predefined 44 semantic categories. A total of 75 teams participated in competition, with 27 teams having submitted system outputs. Based on the results, we found out that most teams adopted mixed models. The mainstream resolution was applying pre-trained language models capable of providing rich semantic representation, which were combined with neural network models and used to fine-tune the models with reference to classifier tasks, and finally improved classification performance could be obtained by ensemble modeling. The best-performing system achieved a macro
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Humanos , Inteligência Artificial , China , Idioma , Processamento de Linguagem Natural , Redes Neurais de ComputaçãoRESUMO
Objective:To analyze the clinical efficacy of two-stage total hip arthroplasty in the treatment of chronic septic hip arthritis.Methods:From January 2008 to March 2020, 17 patients with chronic septic hip arthritis (17 hips) received two-stage total hip arthroplasty at Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital to of Fujian Medical University. They were 11 males and 6 females, with an average age of 54.5 years (from 19 to 77 years) and 9 left and 8 right hips affected. There were 10 cases of primary septic hip and 7 cases of secondary infection after hip surgery. Three patients had undergone debridement in other hospitals and one patient had developed a sinus tract. In the first stage operation, the diseased femoral head and neck were resected to implant an articulating spacer after thorough debridement; in the second stage operation, the spacer was removed to implant a uncemented artificial hip prosthesis in 16 cases or a cemented artificial hip prosthesis in one case. Recorded were the results of microbial culture, operation time, intraoperative blood loss, and therapeutic outcomes of the patients.Results:Pathogenic data were available in 13 patients and the culture was negative in 4. The pathogens were detected by metagenomic next-generation sequencing in 2 patients with culture negative. In the first stage operation, operation time averaged 140.6 min (from 90 to 176 min) and intraoperative blood loss 361.8 mL(from 100 to 1 000 mL); in the second stage operation, operation time averaged 130.3 min (from 91 to 166 min)and blood loss 291.2 mL(from 50 to 700 mL). The average interval between the first and the second stage operations was 115.0 days(from 66 to 227 d). During the interval, spacer fracture occurred in one case, spacer dislocation in one case and lower extremity deep venous thrombosis in one case. All the patients were followed up for 12 to 82 months (average, 36.7 months) after second stage operation. The inflammatory indexes decreased to normal in all the 17 patients and infection recurrence was observed in none of them.Conclusions:Two-stage total hip arthroplasty may result in a high rate of successful treatment of chronic septic hip arthritis. Specific use of sensitive antibiotics after identification of specific pathogenic microorganisms by multiple methods is the key to a successful treatment.
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Objective:To investigate whether the prophylactic use of a dose of sensitive antibiotics before revision for periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) may affect the positive rate of intraoperative specimen culture.Methods:This prospective study recruited the patients who underwent revision due to PJI from July 1, 2017 to February 1, 2019 at Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital to Fujian Medical University. After use of antibiotics was stopped in all patients for 2 weeks before operation, synovial fluid was extracted for culture to confirm pathogenic bacteria and drug sensitivity and some/all of the prostheses were removed during operation. According to their sequence number of admission, the patients were randomly divided into group A and group B. Samples were taken in group A after a dose of sensitive antibiotics was administered 30 to 60 minutes before revision while a dose of sensitive antibiotics was given in group B after all samples were taken. Intra-operatively, synovial fluid, tissue grinding fluid (TGF) and ultrasonic prosthesis lysate (UPL) were taken for aerobic and anaerobic culture. According to whether there was a positive culture of at least one microbiological specimen, the preoperative and intraoperative culture results were analyzed and compared between the 2 groups.Results:A total of 32 PJI patients were included in this study due to positive culture of synovial fluid before operation, with 16 cases in group A and 16 in group B. The most common infection bacteria were staphylococci (59.3%, 19/32). There was no significant difference in age, gender, mode of operation, Tsukayama classification, prosthesis removal, preoperative ESR, CRP, synovial fluid white blood cell count (SF-WBC) or polymorphonuclear cell percentage (PMN) between the 2 groups. The positive rates of synovial fluid, tissue, TGF and UPL were 81.3% (13/16), 62.5% (10/16), 93.8% (15/16) and 93.8% (15/16) for group A, and 87.5% (14/16), 68.8% (11/16), 93.8% (15/16) and 100.0% (16/16) for group B, showing insignificant differences between the 2 groups ( P>0.05). The positive rates of TGF and UPL culture showed no significant difference between them in group A or in group B ( P>0.05), but they were significantly higher than those of traditional tissue culture ( P<0.05). Conclusions:As prophylactic use of antibiotics before PJI revision may not affect the positive rate of intraoperative specimen culture, it is not necessary to postpone use of prophylactic antibiotics before PJI revision. Furthermore, as positive rates of TGF and UPL culture are similar but significantly higher than those of traditional tissue culture, tissue grinding can be used to improve the positive rate of tissue culture.
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AIM: To study the pharmacokinetic characteristics of single-dose oral moxifloxacin hydrochloride tablets under fasting and fed conditions, and use moxifloxacin hydrochloride tablets produced by Bayer Pharma AG as a reference to compare the pharmacokinetic parameters of the two preparations, and evaluate the human bioequivalence of the two preparations. METHODS: A single-center, randomized, open, two-period, and self-crossover design was adopted to conduct a fasting and fed bioequivalence study of 23 healthy subjects each. The 0.4 g dose preparations were taken orally per cycle on fasting or fed administration. The plasma concentrations of moxifloxacin at different times after administration were determined by HPLC-MS/MS. The main pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated, and the bioavailability of the test preparation relative to the reference preparation was evaluated. RESULTS: After subjects in the fasting group took the test preparation T and the reference preparation R, the main pharmacokinetic parameters of moxifloxacin hydrochloride were: C
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AIM: To evaluate the bioequivalence and safety of two cefdinir capsules under a fasting/high-fat fed condition in healthy people. METHODS: Twenty-six healthy volunteers were randomized to cross-test single-dose oral cefdinir capsules or reference preparations for fasting. Thirty-six healthy volunteers were randomized to crossed single-dose oral cefdinir capsule test preparations or reference preparations after high-fat meals. The blood concentration of cefdinir was determined by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Pharmacokinetic parameters and equivalence were calculated and evaluated using WinNonlin 6.4 and SAS 9.4 software. RESULTS: The 90% confidence intervals of the geometric mean ratios of the Cmax, AUC0-t, and AUC0-∞ for the test and reference preparations of cefdinir capsules taken by twenty-five healthy volunteers for fasting were 93.01%-109.22%, 96.16%-110.06%, and 96.38%-110.16%, all at 80.00%-125.00% within the range of bioequivalence. The 90% confidence intervals of the geometric mean ratios of the Cmax, AUC0-t, and AUC0-∞ for the test and reference preparations of cefdinir capsules taken by thirty-six healthy volunteers for a high-fat fed were 93.91%-103.28%, 92.93%-100.72% and 92.97%-101.26%, all at 80.00%-125.00% within the range of bioequivalence. The incidences of adverse reactions in healthy volunteers taking cefdinir capsules for the fasting test and reference preparations were 12.0% and 11.5%, respectively. The incidence of adverse reactions in healthy volunteers taking cefdinir capsules after the meal was 25.0% and 27.8%, respectively. CONCLUSION: The test preparation of cefdinir capsules and the reference preparation are bioequivalent, and the volunteers show good safety and tolerability under the test dose.
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OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the role of lumbar facet joint degeneration in the development of degenerative lumbar scoliosis caused by asymmetric stress.@*METHODS@#Thirty-six New Zealand white rabbits were randomly divided into 3 groups (n=12): Group A with aspiration of the nucleus pulposus to induce disc degeneration; Group B with removal of the left capsule from the facet joints at L3/4 to L5/6 to induce degeneration; and Group C with both treatments. Springs were deployed on the left adjacent facets at L3/4, L5/6 and L5/6 to stress the facet joints. Serial radiographs were taken at 3 and 6 months, and the facet joint tissues were sampled at 6 months for Safranin O-fast green staining to assess the severity of cartilage degeneration based on the Mankin score.@*RESULTS@#The Cobb angle differed significantly among the 3 groups (=24.865, =0.000). In all the groups, the Cobb angles at 6 months increased significantly as compared with that at 3 months ( <0.05). The Cobb angles were significantly greater in group C than in the other 2 groups at both 3 and 6 months ( <0.05) but showed no significant difference between Groups A and B (>0.05). The severity of facet joint degeneration also differed significantly among the 3 groups (= 22.009, =0.000), and was the most severe in group C ( <0.05); facet joint degeneration was more severe in group B than in group A ( <0.05).@*CONCLUSIONS@#Facet joint degeneration is an important factor that contributes to the development of degenerative lumbar scoliosis. Disc degeneration and facet joints degeneration can lead to lumbar scoliosis, which in turn aggravates disc degeneration, facet joints degeneration and asymmetric stress, thus forming a vicious circle to further exacerbate lumbar scoliosis.
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Animais , Coelhos , Degeneração do Disco Intervertebral , Vértebras Lombares , Região Lombossacral , Escoliose , Estresse Fisiológico , Articulação ZigapofisáriaRESUMO
Objective To investigate the role of next generation sequencing technology in the detection of pathogenic bacteria in synovial fluid of prosthetic joint infection.Methods Nine samples of synovial fluid specimens of prosthetic joint infection patients with positive microbial culture from October,1 2016 to April 1,2017 were collected.Each specimen (200 μl) was used for next generation sequencing.Total DNA was extracted from synovial fluid samples.The collected DNA samples were amplified by PCR in the V4 region of 16S rDNA gene.The amplified products were sequenced using the Illumina Miseq platform,2× 250 bp double-end sequencing strategy.The sequencing results were compared with the SILVA database to analyze the types of bacteria and relative abundance in the DNA samples.A total of 200 μl sterile double-distilled deionized water was used as control.Results Nine cases of microbial culture positive prosthetic joint infection synovial fluid DNA samples were sequenced by 16S rDNA amplicon sequencing and yielded 3 132 415 high-quality reads and 3 752 operational taxonomic units (OTU).At the level of bacteria,a total of 9 different bacterial gates were detected on 9 DNA samples.At the level of bacteria,34 different bacteria were detected by 16S rDNA amplicon sequencing.Each DNA sample was detected by 16S rDNA amplicon sequencing and the bacterial genus was identical to that of laboratory culture.16S rDNA amplicon sequencing detected more species of bacteria [6(3,9.5)] than bacterial cultures [(1.0(1.0,1.0)].There was statistically significant difference in the number of bacteria detected in the same specimen between the 16S rDNA amplicon sequencing and the laboratory culture (Z=2.533,P=0.011).Among them,the dominant bacterial population (highest abundance) detected by 16S rDNA amplicon sequencing in four DNA samples was consistent with the results of laboratory culture.Conclusion In the prosthetic joint infection,the 16S rDNA amplicon sequencing technology can accurately detect pathogens that are consistent with the laboratory culture,and can detect other bacteria outside the laboratory culture.This technology can provide the basis for clinical diagnosis and antibiotic selection.
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Cerenkov luminescence tomography (CLT) provides a novel technique for 3-D noninvasive detection of radiopharmaceuticals in living subjects. However, because of the severe scattering of Cerenkov light, the reconstruction accuracy and stability of CLT is still unsatisfied. In this paper, a modified weight multispectral CLT (wmCLT) reconstruction strategy was developed which split the Cerenkov radiation spectrum into several sub-spectral bands and weighted the sub-spectral results to obtain the final result. To better evaluate the property of the wmCLT reconstruction strategy in terms of accuracy, stability and practicability, several numerical simulation experiments and in vivo experiments were conducted and the results obtained were compared with the traditional multispectral CLT (mCLT) and hybrid-spectral CLT (hCLT) reconstruction strategies. The numerical simulation results indicated that wmCLT strategy significantly improved the accuracy of Cerenkov source localization and intensity quantitation and exhibited good stability in suppressing noise in numerical simulation experiments. And the comparison of the results achieved from different in vivo experiments further indicated significant improvement of the wmCLT strategy in terms of the shape recovery of the bladder and the spatial resolution of imaging xenograft tumors. Overall the strategy reported here will facilitate the development of nuclear and optical molecular tomography in theoretical study.