[Effects of batroxobin and electric cauterization on vascular remodeling of rabbit with a removal of carotid arterial adventitia].

OBJECTIVE: To explore the topical hemostatic effects of batroxobin (BX) and electric cauterization (EC) on capillary hemorrhage of rabbit with a removal of carotid arterial adventitia. METHODS: A total of 27 New Zealand rabbits were randomly divided into control, BX and EC groups. Each group received BX (2 kU/L), EC (power = 40 W) and saline for topical hemostasis after a removal of carotid arterial adventitia and blunt dissection. The animals were euthanized by 0, 14 and 28 d post-operation. The specimens of adventitia removal section were divided into three parts for histology (hematoxylin and eosin, MASSON & transmission electron microscope), immunohistochemistry (IHC) [monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), transforming growth factor-ß1 (TGF-ß1) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)] and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). RESULTS: At Day 28 post-operation, the remodeling index, stenotic rate and collagen fiber density of BX and EC groups were (0.753 ± 0.0739) and (0.618 ± 0.0989), (0.298 ± 0.030)% and (0.363 ± 0.039)%, (15.4 ± 3.5)% and (23.4 ± 5.1)% respectively. There was statistically significant difference between two groups (P < 0.05) while no difference existed between hemocoagulase and control groups. The results of electron microscopy showed that the atrial fibroblasts of EC group increased markedly versus BX group. As demonstrated by RT-PCR and IHC, the expressions of MCP-1, TGF-ß1 and VEGF in BX group were lower than those in EC group (P < 0.05) while no difference versus the control group. CONCLUSION: As a safe and effective topical hemostatic method, BX can effectively decrease inflammation response and reduce vascular remodeling and narrowing in rabbits with a removal of carotid arterial adventitia. And its effect mimic closely natural conditions.

Hemocoagulase atrox reduces vascular modeling in rabbit carotid artery adventitia.

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to compare the effects of hemocoagulase atrox and cauterization hemostasis on intimal hyperplasia and explore the effect of hemocoagulase atrox on vascular modeling in rabbit carotid artery adventitia. METHODS: A total of 27 rabbits were randomly divided into 3 groups (0d, 14d, 28d). They were anaesthetized using an intramuscular injection of phenobarbital sodium (1 ml/kg). The left and right common carotid arteries were exposed and capillary hemorrhaged after blunt dissection of the adventitia layers of common carotid arteries. Nine rabbits in each group were again randomly divided into 3 groups, in which animals were respectively treated with hemocoagulase (2 U/ml), cauterization (power = 40 w) and saline (as control). Groups of animals were euthanized at 0, 14 and 28 days after surgery. The samples were equally divided in the middle of the adventitia removal section to obtain equal parts for histologic, immunohistochemical and molecular biologic analysis. The vascular repair after adventitial stripping was observed by HE staining, Masson staining and transmission electron microscopy. The expression of carotid MCP-1, PCNA, TGF-ß1, α-SMA and VEGF were measured at different time points by RT-PCR and immunohistochemical staining. RESULTS: HE staining and Masson staining showed that hemocoagulase atrox had a significantly stronger effect on reducing intimal hyperplasia than the cauterization after 14 and 28 days. The results of RT-PCR showed that the expression of MCP-1, TGF-ß1, α-SMA and VEGF in hemocoagulase atrox-treated animals were lower than that of cauterization-treated animals. CONCLUSION: Our results suggested that hemocoagulase atrox as a topical hemostatic is safety and efficiently and it can accelerate adventitia restoration and decrease intimal proliferation.

[The topically hemostatic effects of batroxobin on the carotid arteries adventitia removal rabbit].

OBJECTIVE: To observe the topically hemostatic effects of batroxobin (BX) in different concentrations on the carotid arteries adventitia removal rabbit. METHODS: 18 rabbits were removed vascular adventitia by collagenase digestion and mechanical dissection, causing capillary hemorrhage. Then all of them were randomly divided into 6 groups: blank control, negative control group, 0.5, 1, 2 and 4 kU/L (U/ml) BX group. The hemostatic time and bleeding volume were observed to compare the hemostatic effect of each group. Haematoxylin-eosin, Masson staining and immunohistochemistry were performed to assure adventitia removed. RESULTS: It was feasible to remove vascular adventitia with collagenase digestion and mechanical dissection. The hemostatic time and bleeding volume were significantly different (P < 0.05) from 0.5 U/ml BX group [(97 ± 20)s,(0.102 ± 0.013)g/cm(2)] of the negative control group[(143 ± 33)s,(0.130 ± 0.023) g/cm(2)]. With the increase of BX concentration, there was a significant difference (P < 0.05) between 2 U/ml BX group (32 ± 13,0.056 ± 0.015) and 1 U/ml BX group (32 ± 13,0.056 ± 0.015), but there was no statistical significance (P > 0.05) between 2 U/ml BX group and 4 U/ml BX group (28 ± 14,0.053 ± 0.012). Thus, the best topical hemostatic concentration of BX was 2 U/ml. CONCLUSION: The topical hemostatic effect of batroxobin is reliable in small area of blood oozing.