Efficacy and Safety of Recombinant Human p53 Adenovirus Injection Combined with Radiotherapy or Concurrent Chemoradiotherapy in the Treatment of Cervical Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Objective: Cervical cancer remains a major health concern globally, and combined modality treatment often includes radiotherapy or concurrent chemoradiotherapy. Recently, recombinant human adenovirus-p53 (rAd-p53) has been introduced as a promising agent in treatment of cervical cancer. Methods: We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis following the PRISMA guidelines. RCTs were identified through electronic databases without limitations on time or language. The studies should include patients diagnosed with cervical cancer receiving either rAd-p53 combined with radiotherapy or concurrent chemoradiotherapy (RT/CRT) or RT/CRT alone. Primary outcome measures were complete response rate (CRR) and objective response rate (ORR), as defined by WHO's criteria for solid tumor therapeutic evaluation. Secondary outcome measures included adverse reaction incidence. Results: We included 9 RCTs in the analysis. Meta-analysis revealed that rAd-p53 combined with radiotherapy or concurrent chemoradiotherapy significantly improved the CRR [OR = 1.67, 95%CI (1.29, 2.16), P < .0001] and ORR [OR = 1.26, 95%CI (1.15,1.37), P < .001] compared to radiotherapy or concurrent chemoradiotherapy alone. The incidence of fever was higher in the combination therapy group [OR = 2.80, 95%CI (1.40, 5.62), P < .001], but no significant differences were observed in the incidence of other adverse reactions. Conclusions: The combination of rAd-p53 with radiotherapy or concurrent chemoradiotherapy exhibits enhanced therapeutic efficacy in the treatment of cervical cancer without a significant increase in severe adverse reactions. However, multicenter, large-scale, randomized clinical trials are warranted for further validation.

Compact multispectral photodetectors based on nanodisk arrays atop optical cavity substrates.

It is challenging for the multi-spectral photodetector to have a compact structure, high spectral resolution, and high detection efficiency. This paper reports on a new approach for compact multi-spectral visible light detecting based on the hexagonal lattice silver nanodisk arrays atop optical cavity substrates. Through numerical calculations and optimizations of experiments, we verified that the narrow band responsivity of the photodetector was caused by coupling the surface plasmonic resonances and cavity mode. The multi-spectral photodetector exhibited that the minimum FWHM and the maximum responsivity of was achieved to be 80 nm and 91.5 mA·W-1, respectively. Besides, we also analyzed the influence of the proposed structure on the energy wastage by numerical comparison. The proposed way for multi-spectral photodetector is promising to be an excellent design for the narrow band spectral detection. The design can also be easily integrated with CMOS devices and applied to other spectral regimes for different applications.

Fabrication and magnetic properties of nickel dodecahedra.

Here we report a one-pot route for the synthesis of nickel dodecahedra with 52.3 ± 0.1 emu g(-1) of saturation magnetization. The procedure is very simple, and only three chemicals (NiCl2·6H2O, isopropanol and polyvinylpyrrolidone) are used throughout the entire synthetic process. During the reaction, it is believed that the application of isopropanol and the amount of polyvinylpyrrolidone play an essential role in forming the dodecahedral morphology of the final product. Furthermore, a formation process of twinning and the influence of reaction kinetic factors were proposed to explain the formation of nickel dodecahedra.

Synthesis of nickel hierarchical structures and evaluation on their magnetic properties and Congo red removal ability.

Novel nickel hierarchical structures were prepared through a facile one-pot solvothermal approach in the presence of surfactant and mineralizer. The influence of dynamics factors such as polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) content, ratio (R) between NaF and NH(3)·H(2)O on the morphologies of the as-synthesized products were investigated in detail. By regulating the dynamics factors, nickel crystals with three different structures (hcp and fcc mixture structure, fcc structure and a mostly hcp structure) were synthesized. Meanwhile, the corresponding morphologies are changed from hierarchical structures composed of nanoparticles to hierarchical structures consisted of nanoflakes, and to polyhedra. The values of saturation magnetizations of nickel crystals also range from 41.6 to 8 emu g(-1) because of the change of crystal structure from fcc to mostly hcp. One thing to be mentioned is that the mostly hcp phase can be completely converted into fcc phase if the solvothermal treatment temperature is further enhanced to 220 °C. Further, the Congo red (CR) removal ability by the as-obtained nickel particles was evaluated. By the investigation of adsorption and desorption experiments on nickel powders, we can ascertain that chemical reduction and physical adsorption happen at the same time during the treatment process of CR solution.

[Occult hepatitis B virus infection in chronic viral hepatitis patients with non-A to E hepatitis virus infection].

OBJECTIVE: To observe the status of occult hepatitis B virus infection in chronic viral hepatitis patients with non-A to E hepatitis virus infection and explore the diagnostic value of fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction (FQ-PCR) technique for occult hepatitis B virus infection. METHODS: The amount of HBV-DNA in serum and liver tissue from 57 patients with non-A to E hepatitis virus infection who were diagnosed as chronic viral hepatitis by Menghini method liver biopsy were detected by using FQ-PCR technique, then the relation between the viral load of HBV DNA in liver tissue and hepatic inflammatory activity were analyzed. RESULTS: Thirteen (22.81%), 22 (38.60%) patients were positive for HBV DNA in serum and liver tissue, respectively. The positive rate and the level of HBV DNA quantity in liver tissue were significantly higher than those in serum; HBV DNA was found positive in both serum and liver tissue in 13 cases, negative in both serum and liver tissue in 35, positive in liver tissue but negative in serum in 9, and in none of the cases HBV DNA was positive in serum but negative in liver tissue (P < 0.01). The logarithmic value of HBV DNA from 13 patients in liver tissue and in serum was respectively: (6.62 +/- 1.21) copies/g vs.(4.03 +/- 1.06) copies/ml, P < 0.01. The hepatic lesions of all HBV DNA positive patients were active pathologic changes, but the level of HBV DNA in liver tissue was not significantly correlated with the grade of hepatic inflammation activity (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION: Occult HBV infection is the etiology of part of the chronic viral hepatitis patients with non-A-E hepatitis virus infection. Missed diagnosis will occur if diagnosis of hepatitis B is only based on detection of serum HBV markers. It is useful for improvement of the diagnostic level of HBV infection via detection of HBV DNA quantitatively in serum especially in liver tissue of chronic viral hepatitis patients with non-A-E hepatitis virus infection by using FQ-PCR technique. The chronic viral hepatitis patients with occult HBV infection should be also given effective anti-viral therapy.

[The spectral properties of an intense lightning return stroke].

The spectrum in the range of 400-600 nm from the first return stroke of an intense cloud-to-ground lightning flash was obtained by a slit-free spectrograph. Applying the atomic structure theory to the research work on lightning spectra, the wavelengths, oscillator strengths and excitation energies of upper levels were calculated for the transitions of related lightning spectrum. Multi-configuration Dirac-Fock method was employed in the calculation. From the results, re-identifications were carried out for the lines of 419.0 and 425.3 nm. It was found by spectral analysis combined with corresponding electrical information finds that the spectrum characteristic is closely related to the intensity of lightning discharge, as during an intense lightning return stroke the lines of O II with high excitation energies are enhanced.

[Role of hepatitis C virus superinfection in hepatic pathologic changes of patients with chronic hepatitis B: a retrospective short-term and long-term comparative study].

OBJECTIVE: To observe the effect of hepatitis C virus (HCV) superinfection on the short-term and long-term hepatic pathological changes in patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB). METHODS: HCV-RNA of twice corresponding period serum samples was detected via reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction assay from 230 patients with CHB for whom liver biopsy was performed at an interval of 0.5-15 years, respectively. The hepatic pathological changes of the patients with CHB who were serum HCV-RNA positive at the beginning of observation and persistently positive between the starting and ending of observation were respectively compared with those of serum HCV-RNA negative and persistently negative patients. RESULTS: 41 patients (17.83%) were positive for serum HCV-RNA at the beginning of observation. There were significant differences in the severity of hepatic inflammatory activity grade and fibrosis stage between serum HCV-RNA positive and negative patients with CHB (P < 0.05). Twenty-nine patients were persistently positive for serum HCV-RNA in the beginning and end of observation. Compared with persistently negative patients who were 116 patients selected from the above-mentioned 230 patients and they were comparable with HCV-RNA persistently positive patients in mean follow-up time, age and sex, the long-term progression of hepatic inflammatory activity grade and fibrosis stage in persistently positive patients were more speedy (P < 0.01). CONCLUSION: HCV superinfection worsens the hepatic pathological changes of patients with CHB and speeds up its progression.

[The effects of hepatitis E virus superinfection on patients with chronic hepatitis B: a clinico-pathological study].

OBJECTIVE: To observe the effect of hepatitis E virus (HEV) superinfection on hepatic lesion and hepatitis B virus (HBV) replication in patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB). METHODS: Totally 122 patients with CHB were enrolled in this study. They were tested for anti-HEV IgM and IgG in serum, amount of HBV DNA in serum and liver tissue obtained by liver biopsy and HBcAg expression in liver tissue. Other parameters such as ALT, total bilirubin (TBil), albumin (A) and globulin (G), gamma-electrophoretic protein (gamma-EP), prothrombin activity (PTA) were also measured. 21 of the 122 patients (17.2%) were found to have HEV superinfection and the remaining 101 were not. Repeat liver biopsy was performed after 1 year in 7 patients with HEV superinfection and 14 patients without. Moreover, HBV DNA amount in serum from 8 HBeAg negative patients with HEV superinfection were tested dynamically in acute and recovery stage of HEV infection. RESULTS: Comparison of the data from the 21 patients with HEV superinfection and 101 without showed that there was no significant difference in the level of A/G ratio (1.74 +/- 0.50 vs. 1.83 +/- 0.37) and gamma-EP [(24.18 +/- 6.36)% vs. (22.27 +/- 4.59)%, P > 0.05]. However, the level of ALT [(244.61 +/- 81.07) U/L vs. (143.87 +/- 47.69) U/L] and TBil [(88.24 +/- 28.54) micro mol/L vs. (46.16 +/- 17.13) micro mol/L] was significantly higher (P < 0.05), but that of PTA lower in the group with HEV superinfection than in the group without superinfection [(58.57 +/- 17.44)% vs. (72.52 +/- 12.25)%, P < 0.05]. So were the amount of HBV DNA in serum [(5.45 +/- 1.86) copies/ml vs. (6.59 +/- 1.28) copies/ml, P < 0.05] and liver tissue [(6.96 +/- 2.52) copies/g vs. (8.47 +/- 1.79) copies/g, P < 0.05] as well as HBeAg and HBcAg positive rates (8/21 vs. 64/101; 9/21 vs. 67/101, P < 0.05). Pathologically, the hepatic inflammatory activity was more severer in patients with HEV superinfection, but the severity of fibrosis was not significantly different. There was no difference in the severity of inflammatory activity and stage of fibrosis between the 7 patients with HEV superinfection and the 14 patients without as well as before and after 1 year of treatment. The amount of HBV DNA and HBeAg positive rate in serum from recovery stage of HEV infection were higher than those of acute stage. CONCLUSIONS: HEV superinfection leads to activation of hepatic pathological changes and worsens the inflammatory activity. Moreover, HEV superinfection inhibits HBV replication, but it may not be long-lasting.

[Relationship between amount of HBV DNA in serum/liver tissue and hepatitis G virus (HGV) infection in patients with chronic hepatitis B].

OBJECTIVE: To observe the relationship between the amount of HBV DNA in serum/liver tissue and HGV infection in patients with chronic hepatitis B (CH-B) for exploring the effect of HGV infection on hepatitis B virus (HBV) replication of CH-B. METHODS: HGV RNA in serum, HGV nonstructural region 5 (NS5) antigen (HGV Ag) in liver tissue and the amount of HBV DNA in serum, liver tissue were detected for 56 patients with CH-B by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assay, peroxidase antiperoxidase (PAP) immunohistochemical method and fluorescence quantitative PCR assay, respectively. Then the relationship between HGV Ag expression in liver tissue and HGV RNA expression in serum was analysed and the amount of HBV DNA in serum and liver tissues from the serum HGV RNA or liver tissue HGV Ag positive patients were compared with those of the serum HGV-RNA or liver tissue HGV Ag negative patients, respectively. RESULTS: Ten (17.9%) and eight (14.3%) patients were positive for serum and liver tissues,respectively.HGV RNA expression in serum was closely related to HGV Ag expression in liver tissues, but there was HGV RNA in serum from some of the liver tissues HGV Ag negative patients ?cases of HGV RNA and HGV Ag positive or negative,HGV RNA positive but HGV Ag negative, HGV RNA negative but HGV Ag positive, respectively: 5,43,5,3,(P<0.01). There was no significant difference in the amount of HBV DNA in serum and liver tissues between HGV RNA or HGV Ag positive and negative patients (P>0.05). CONCLUSIONS: HGV infection may not affect HBV replication. Liver is the site of HGV replication, but HGV probably also replicates in extrahepatic tissues. HGV hepatic pathogenicity is probably mild and further studies are still needed.