Open access EEG dataset of repeated measurements from a single subject for microstate analysis.

Electroencephalography (EEG) microstate analysis is a neuroimaging analytical method that has received considerable attention in recent years and is widely used for analysing EEG signals. EEG is easily influenced by internal and external factors, which can affect the repeatability and stability of EEG microstate analysis. However, there have been few reports and publicly available datasets on the repeatability of EEG microstate analysis. In the current study, a 39-year-old healthy male underwent a total of 60 simultaneous electroencephalography and electrocardiogram measurements over a period of three months. After the EEG recording was completed, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was also conducted. To date, this EEG dataset has the highest number of repeated measurements for one individual. The dataset can be used to assess the stability and repeatability of EEG microstates and other analytical methods, to decode resting EEG states among subjects with open eyes, and to explore the stability and repeatability of cortical spatiotemporal dynamics through source analysis with individual MRI.

MYCT1 inhibits hematopoiesis in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma by suppressing RUNX1 transcription.

BACKGROUND: The abnormality of chromosomal karyotype is one factor causing poor prognosis of lymphoma. In the analysis of abnormal karyotype of lymphoma patients, three smallest overlap regions were found, in which MYCT1 was located. MYCT1 is the first tumor suppressor gene cloned by our research team, but its studies relating to the occurrence and development of lymphoma have not been reported. METHODS: R banding analyses were employed to screen the abnormality of chromosomal karyotype in clinical specimen and MYCT1 over-expression cell lines. FISH was to monitor MYCT1 copy number aberration. RT-PCR and Western blot were to detect the mRNA and protein levels of the MYCT1 and RUNX1 genes, respectively. The MYCT1 and RUNX1 protein levels in clinical specimen were evaluated by immunohistochemical DAB staining. The interaction between MYCT1 and MAX proteins was identified via Co-IP and IF. The binding of MAX on the promoter of the RUNX1 gene was detected by ChIP and Dual-luciferase reporter assay, respectively. Flow cytometry and CCK-8 assay were to explore the effects of MYCT1 and RUNX1 on the cell cycle and proliferation, respectively. RESULTS: MYCT1 was located in one of three smallest overlap regions of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, it altered chromosomal instability of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma cells. MYCT1 negatively correlated with RUNX1 in lymphoma tissues of the patients. MAX directly promoted the RUNX1 gene transcription by binding to its promoter region. MYCT1 may represses RUNX1 transcription by binding MAX in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma cells. MYCT1 binding to MAX probably suppressed RUNX1 transcription, leading to the inhibition of proliferation and cell cycle of the diffuse large B-cell lymphoma cells. CONCLUSION: This study finds that there is a MYCT1-MAX-RUNX1 signaling pathway in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. And the study provides clues and basis for the in-depth studies of MYCT1 in the diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of lymphoma.

Ultrashort lipo-tetrapeptide with potent antibacterial activity and local therapeutic effect against Staphylococcus aureus.

OBJECTIVES: Mastitis in dairy cows is a common infectious disease on dairy farms and a major danger to the dairy industry. The harmful bacteria with the greatest clinical isolation rate are Staphylococcus aureus. As a result, bacterial mastitis in dairy cows can lead to decreased milk output, quality, and costs. Traditional antibiotics are currently used to treat mastitis in dairy cows. Nonetheless, long-term usage of high doses of antibiotics increases the risk of the establishment of drug-resistant strains, and the problem of drug residues is becoming more prevalent. We investigated the antibacterial effects of varying molecular side chain length lipopeptides on Staphylococcus aureus ATCC25923 and GS1311 using five tetrapeptide ultrashort lipopeptides developed and synthesised in this study. METHODS: To evaluate the application value of the synthesized lipopeptides in the prevention and treatment of mastitis, the lipopeptides with the best antibacterial action were chosen for safety testing and a mouse mastitis model treatment test. RESULTS: Three of the lipopeptides produced have strong antibacterial properties. Within the drug's safe concentration range, C16KGGK has an excellent antibacterial action and can have a therapeutic influence on mastitis induced by Staphylococcus aureus infection in mice. CONCLUSION: The findings of this study can be used to develop new antibacterial medications and their therapeutic application in the treatment of mastitis in dairy cows.

Synthetic Cationic Lipopeptide Can Effectively Treat Mouse Mastitis Caused by Staphylococcus aureus.

Mastitis caused by Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) in dairy cows is one of the most common clinical diseases in dairy cattle. Unfortunately, traditional antibiotic treatment has resulted in the emergence of drug-resistant strains of bacteria, making this disease more difficult to treat. Therefore, novel lipopeptide antibiotics are becoming increasingly important in treating bacterial diseases, and developing novel antibiotics is critical in controlling mastitis in dairy cows. We designed and synthesized three cationic lipopeptides with palmitic acid, all with two positive charges and dextral amino acids. The lipopeptides' antibacterial activity against S. aureus was determined using MIC and scanning electron microscopy. The safety concentration range of lipopeptides for clinical usage was then estimated using the mouse erythrocyte hemolysis assay and CCK8 cytotoxicity. Finally, lipopeptides with high antibacterial activity and minimal cytotoxicity were selected for the treatment experiments regarding mastitis in mice. The observation of histopathological changes, bacterial tissue load and expression of inflammatory factors determined the therapeutic effects of lipopeptides on mastitis in mice. The results showed that all three lipopeptides displayed some antibacterial activity against S. aureus, with C16dKdK having a strong antibacterial impact and being able to treat the mastitis induced by S. aureus infection in mice within a safe concentration range. The findings of this study can be used as a starting point for the development of new medications for the treatment of mastitis in dairy cows.

Chondrosarcoma of the toe: A case report and literature review.

BACKGROUND: Chondrosarcoma of the foot is a rare malignant bone tumour, and it is even rarer when it originates in a toe bone. Surgical excision is the only effective treatment. The osteolytic destruction of the tumour severely affects limb function and carries the risk of distant metastasis. Most such tumours are removed surgically to minimize local recurrence and distant metastases, maximize limb function, and prolong the patient's tumour-free survival time. The main objective of this article is to present the case of a chondrosarcoma that invaded the first phalanx of the left foot and formed a large phalangeal mass with osteolytic destruction of the distal bone. CASE SUMMARY: A 74-year-old man suffered from swelling of his left toe for six months, with pain and swelling for two months. Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging showed that the tumour on the first phalanx of the left foot was approximately 54.9 mm × 44.6 mm, surrounded by a significant soft tissue signal mass, with osteolytic destruction of the distal phalanx and a speckled bone-like high-density shadow within it. CONCLUSION: Chondrosarcoma occurring in a toe bone is extremely rare. In this case, extensive surgical resection of the large low-grade chondrosarcoma, which showed osteolytic destruction and invaded the distal metatarsal bone, was safe and effective.

Antibacterial effect of synthetic ultra-short lipopeptide on Streptococcus agalactiae and its active on bacterial mastitis in mice.

Streptococcus agalactiae mastitis is one of the significant threats to the milk industry. The traditional antibiotic treatment method is easy to cause the emergence of resistant strains, and the problem of drug residue is increasingly severe. In this study, we designed and synthesized five lipopeptides. The antibacterial activity of different molecular structure lipopeptides against Streptococcus agalactiae was detected. Furthermore, the mouse mastitis model was established using Streptococcus agalactiae. The lipopeptides with better antibacterial effect were selected for the treatment experiment to evaluate the application value in the treatment of mastitis. The results showed that 4 of the synthesized lipopeptides had specific antibacterial activity. SLP3 and SLP4 have an excellent antibacterial effect and can treat murine mastitis caused by Streptococcus agalactiae infection within the safe concentration range. The results of this study can provide an excellent experimental basis for new antibiotics and clinical application in the treatment of dairy cow mastitis.

Multiresponsive Nanoprobes for Turn-On Fluorescence/19F MRI Dual-Modal Imaging.

Multiresponsive nanoprobes are highly desirable for low background and highly sensitive imaging in biomedical applications. Herein, we design a glutathione (GSH)/pH dual-responsive nanoprobe capable of both fluorescence imaging in cells and 19F magnetic resonance imaging (19F MRI) in deep tissue, by encapsulating manganese oleate (Mn(OA)2) on the surface of fluorinated fluorescent quantum dots (F-ZnS:Mn2+). In this approach, Mn(OA)2 serves as an efficient quencher of both fluorescence and 19F MRI signal. Both the fluorescence and 19F MRI signal can be turned on by introducing glutathione (GSH) that breaks up the Mn-O bonds within Mn(OA)2 under weak acidity conditions (e.g., pH 6.0). The imaging results in cells and mice suggest that this novel strategy can offer a promising nanoprobe for turn-on fluorescence/19F MRI dual-modal tumor imaging.

Relationships of orientation discrimination threshold and visual acuity with macular lesions in age-related macular degeneration.

PURPOSE: To measure visual acuity and metamorphopsia in patients with age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and to explore their relationship with macular lesions. METHODS: In this cross-sectional study, a total of 32 normal subjects (32 eyes) and 35 AMD patients (35 eyes) were recruited. They were categorized into 4 groups: normal, dry AMD, non-active wet AMD, and active wet AMD. Best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was measured using the Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study protocol. Metamorphopsia was quantified with the orientation discrimination threshold (ODT). Macular lesions, including drusen, sub-retinal fluid (SRF), intra-retinal fluid (IRF), pigmented epithelium detachment (PED), and scarring, were identified with spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT). A linear regression model was established to identify the relationships between the functional and structural changes. RESULTS: BCVA progressively worsened across the normal, dry AMD, non-active wet AMD, and active wet AMD groups (P < 0.001), and ODT increased across the groups (P < 0.001). The correlation between BCVA and ODT varied among the groups. The partial correlation between BCVA and ODT was -0.61 (P < 0.001). Linear regression showed that ODT significantly depended on IRF (ß = 0.61, P < 0.001), SRF (ß = 0.34, P = 0.003), and scarring (ß = 0.26, P = 0.050), while BCVA significantly depended only on scarring (ß = -0.52, P < 0.001), and IRF (ß = -0.36, P = 0.016). CONCLUSIONS: From dry AMD to active wet AMD, BCVA gradually worsened while ODT increased. The correlation between BCVA and ODT varied among these groups, indicating that AMD lesions affect them differently. ODT and BCVA should be used concurrently for better monitoring of the disease.

Induction of apoptosis and inhibition of angiogenesis by PEGylated liposomal quercetin in both cisplatin-sensitive and cisplatin-resistant ovarian cancers.

The clinical efficiency of cisplatin against ovarian cancer is often limited by the development of drug resistance. In this work, we investigated PEGylated liposomal quercetin (Lipo-Que) on cisplatin-sensitive (A2780s) and cisplatin-resistant (A2780cp) human ovarian cancer models in vitro and in vivo to reveal whether a cisplatin-resistant ovarian cancer has susceptibility to quercetin (Que) and the mechanism of its antitumor activity. Lipo-Que was prepared using a solid dispersion method, and the obtained Lipo-Que is monodisperse with a mean diameter of 163 +/-10 nm. Besides, in vitro drug release assay showed a sustained release behavior of Lipo-Que. In vitro experiments suggested that Lipo-Que inhibited cell proliferation, induced apoptosis, and induced cell cycle arrest in both A2780s and A2780cp cells. Furthermore, antitumor activity of Lipo-Que was investigated in both cisplatin-sensitive and cisplatin-resistant human ovarian tumor xenograft models in nude mice. Lipo-Que significantly suppressed tumor growth in both models in comparison with free Que, blank liposomes (Lipo), or normal saline (NS). Furthermore, immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence tests revealed that Lipo-Que induced apoptosis, decreased microvessel density, and inhibited proliferation of tumors in both A2780s and A2780cp tumor models. Therefore, our results suggest that Lipo-Que is an effective agent to inhibit tumor growth in both cisplatin-sensitive and cisplatin-resistant human ovarian cancers.

miR-19a promotes cell growth and tumorigenesis through targeting SOCS1 in gastric cancer.

Accumulating evidence has shown that microRNAs are involved in cancer development and progression. However, it remains unknown about the potential role of miR-19a in the pathogenesis of gastric cancer. Here, we report that suppressor of cytokine signaling 1 (SOCS1) is a novel target of miR-19a in gastric cancer cells and that miR-19a expression is inversely correlated with SOCS1 expression in gastric cancer cells and a subset of gastric cancer tissues. Ectopic expression of miR-19a dramatically promoted proliferation and tumorigenicity of gastric cancer cells both in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, we showed that silencing of SOCS1 promoted cell growth and colony formation resembling that of miR-19a overexpression, whereas re-introduction of SOCS1 (without the 3'-UTR) attenuated the pro-tumorigenic functions. Taken together, our findings suggest that the SOCS1 gene is a direct target of miR-19a, which functions as an oncogenic miRNA in gastric cancer by repressing the expression of tumor suppressor SOCS1.