[Establishment and verification of invasion syndrome prediction model in patients with diabetes complicated with Klebsiella pneumoniae liver abscess].

Objective: To analyze the correlative factors of invasion syndrome in patients with diabetes complicated with Klebsiella pneumoniae liver abscess, and to construct and verify the online nomographic prediction model. Methods: A case control study. The clinical data of 213 diabetic patients with Klebsiella pneumoniae liver abscess admitted to the Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University from January 1, 2015 to December 31, 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. The patients were divided into the training set (149 cases) and the test set (64 cases) by stratified random sampling method at a ratio of 7∶3. Synthetic minority over-sampling technique(SMOTE) was used to process the imbalanced data, then Lasso regression was used to screen out the optimal feature variables in the training set and multivariate logistic regression model was used to construct the prediction model of invasion syndrome in patients with diabetes complicated with Klebsiella pneumoniae liver abscess, and verify it in the training set and test set. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, calibration curve and decision curve analysis (DCA) were used to evaluate the prediction efficiency of the model, and the simple and online interactive dynamic web page column graph was constructed. Results: Among the 213 patients, 60 were males and 153 were females, aged of (61.4±12.0) years. A total of 25(11.74%) diabetic patients with Klebsiella pneumoniae liver abscess developed invasion syndrome, which were included in divided into invasive K.pneumoniae liver abscesses syndrome (IKPLAS) group, and the other 188 cases were in without invasive K.pneumoniae liver abscesses syndrome (NIKPLAS) group. SMOTE algorithm was used for oversampling processing, so that the ratio of positive and negative samples was 1∶1. In the oversampling training set, 5 main risk factors were screened based on Lasso regression, namely fasting blood glucose (λ=0.063), hemoglobin (λ=-0.042), blood urea nitrogen (λ=-0.050), abscess size (λ=-0.025) and sequential organ failure assessment (SOFA) score (λ=0.450), respectively. Multivariate logistic regression model showed that fasting blood glucose (OR=1.20, 95%CI: 0.98-1.48, P=0.006), hemoglobin (OR=0.90, 95%CI: 0.86-0.95, P<0.001), blood urea nitrogen (OR=1.22, 95%CI: 1.03-1.43, P=0.017), abscess diameter (OR=0.76, 95%CI: 0.61-0.94, P=0.010), SOFA score (OR=3.08, 95%CI: 2.18-4.36, P<0.001) were associated with invasion syndrome in patients with diabetes complicated with Klebsiella pneumoniae liver abscess. The area under the curve of ROC in the training set was 0.966 (95%CI: 0.943-0.989), the sensitivity was 90.5%, and the specificity was 91.3%. The area under the curve of the validation set ROC was 0.946 (95%CI: 0.902-0.991), with a sensitivity of 79.6% and a specificity of 88.9%. The calibration curves drawn in the training set and the test set fit well with the ideal curve. DCA showed that the neomorph prediction model had a good clinical net benefit when predicting the risk of IKPLAS in patients with diabetes complicated with Klebsiella pneumoniae liver abscess was 0.10-0.40. Conclusions: Fasting blood glucose, hemoglobin, urea nitrogen, abscess size and SOFA score are the related factors for invasion syndrome in patients with diabetes complicated with Klebsiella pneumoniae liver abscess. The constructed column graph can effectively predict the risk of invasion syndrome in patients with diabetes complicated with Klebsiae pneumoniae liver abscess.

[The effect of tumor spread through air spaces on the prognosis of patients with stage â non-small cell lung cancer: a meta-analysis].

Objective: To systematically evaluate the effect of tumor spread through air spaces (STAS) on the prognosis of patients with stage Ⅰ non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Methods: PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, CNKI, Wanfang Database and VIP were searched to collect papers related to NSCLC and STAS published from the establishment of aboves databases to November 2022. Papers were screened according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, and data were extracted. The 5-year overall survival (OS) and relapse-free survival (RFS) of stage Ⅰ NSCLC patients with or without STAS were compared. HR(95%CI) was used as effective indicator to evaluate the impact of STAS positivity on the prognosis of NSCLC. The quality of each included study was assessed using the Newcast-Ottawa Scale (NOS). Results: A total of 24 papers concerning 29 studies were included according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, and there was no significant heterogeneity among the included papers(all I2<50%). A total of 10 883 patients with stage Ⅰ NSCLC were included in the studies, of which 3 298 (30.3%) were STAS-positive. The 29 studies showed that STAS-positive patients had a higher risk of 5-year recurrence than STAS-negative patients with stage Ⅰ NSCLC [HR=1.94(95%CI:1.74-2.16)];and a meta-analysis of 17 of the studies showed that that STAS-positive patients had a higher risk of 5-year death [HR=2.09 (95%CI:1.80-2.43)]. Compared with stage Ⅰ NSCLC patients who underwent other surgeries, STAS-positive patients who underwent sublobar resection had a higher risk of 5-year recurrence than patients with other procedures (HR=3.44, 95%CI: 2.49-4.76) and a higher risk of 5-year death (HR=3.40, 95%CI:2.05-5.64); and patients with stage Ⅰ NSCLC who had the pathologic histologic type of squamous carcinoma had a higher risk of 5-year recurrence (HR=2.48,95%CI:1.71-3.60) and a higher risk of 5-year death (HR=3.04, 95%CI: 1.90-4.86) than other patients with the type of squamous lung cancer. Conclusion: STAS positivity is a risk factor of poor prognosis in patients with stage Ⅰ NSCLC, especially for patients underwent sublobar resection or with squamous lung cancer.

[Study on the current situation and influencing factors of job involvement for employed nurses in military hospital].

Objective: To investigate the current situation of job involvement of nurses in military hospitals in Henan Province and analyze the influencing factors, so as to provide reference for improving the level of job involvement of military nurses. Methods: In February 2022, the employed nurses of 4 military hospitals in Henan Province were investigated by convenient sampling method. A total of 663 questionnaires were collected, including 632 valid questionnaires, with an effective recovery rate of 95.32%. The self-designed questionnaire was used to investigate the basic information of nurses, the Job Involvement Scale was used to investigate the job involvement of nurses, the Emotional Labor Scale for Nurses was used to investigate nurses' emotions, and the Work-Family Conflict Scale was used to investigate the work-family conflict of nurses. Independent sample t-test and univariate analysis of variance were used to compare the job involvement of military employed nurses with different demographic characteristics, Pearson correlation analysis was used to explore the correlation between emotional labor, work-family conflict and job involvement, and hierarchical regression analysis was used to explore the impact of relevant variables on the job involvement of military employed nurses. Results: The total average score of job involvement of military employed nurses was (3.68±1.13), and the scores of vitality, dedication and focus were (3.64±1.15), (3.74±1.25) and (3.67±1.21) respectively. The total score of emotional labor of nurses was 33-80 (62.95±8.12), with an average score of (3.93±0.51). The total score of work-family conflict was 18-94 (55.16±13.53), with an average score of (3.06±0.75). Professional emotional regulation, patient-centered emotional inhibition and standardized emotional play were positively related to the job involvement (r=0.46, 0.41, 0.22, P<0.01). Time-based conflict, stress-based conflict and behavior-based conflict had negative correlation with the job involvement (r=-0.12, -0.23, -0.20, P<0.01). In hierarchical regression analysis, after controlling demographic variables, emotional labor and work-family conflict accounted for 17.2% and 4.2% of the variation of job involvement. Conclusion: The job involvement of military employed nurses tends to be at a moderate level. Emotional labor and work-family conflict can significantly affect their job involvement.

[Association of glutamate receptor metabotropic 5 polymorphisms with schizophrenia susceptibility in a Chinese Han population].

Objectives: To investigate the association of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) of glutamate receptor metabotropic 5 (GRM5) gene with schizophrenia susceptibility(SZ) in a Chinese Han population. Methods: Twenty-two SNPs located in GRM5 gene in 528 paranoid SZ patients and 528 control subjects recruited from northern Henanwere analyzed. The clinical features of 267 first-episode SZ patients were assessed with the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS). Results: The SZ group included 264 males and 264 females, aged (27±8) years; the healthy control group had 264 males and 264 females, aged (28±8) years.The differences in the genotypic and allelic frequencies of two SNPs (rs567990 and rs12421343) were statistically significant between the SZ patients and control groups (all P<0.05). The allele frequency of rs504183 was also statistically different between the two groups (P=0.030). When the subjects were stratified by sex, the genotypic and allelic frequencies of rs12421343 in female subjects were statistically different between the SZ patients and control groups. The allele frequencies of SNPs (rs12422021, rs567990, and rs7101540) were also statisticallydifferent between the two groups (all P<0.05). Meanwhile, rs567990 AG+GG carriers had a higher risk for SZ than AA carriers in female subjects(OR=1.946, 95%CI: 1.264-2.995). In addition, the patients with different genotypes (GG, AA+AG) of rs12422021 showed statistically significant differences in PANSS total score(84.8±24.4 vs 75.3±18.6), positive (16.2±4.3 vs 14.4±4.2), excitement (12.4±5.1 vs 10.2±4.1) and cognitive impairment factor scores (15.2±6.8 vs 13.3±3.9) (all P<0.05). The patients with AC and the other two genotypes (AA and CC) of rs504183 showed statistically significant differences in PANSS negative factor score(27.4±9.9 vs 24.7±8.4 and 23.4±8.1, both P<0.05). Conclusion: The current study provides further evidence that GRM5 is associated with SZ, and suggests a putative sex difference.

[The prognostic significance of pretransplantation evaluation of IPSS-R and WPSS in patients with myelodysplastic syndrome undergoing allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation].

Objective: This study aimed to explore the prognostic value of the revised international prognostic scoring system (IPSS-R) and the WHO prognostic scoring system (WPSS) in patients with myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) undergoing allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT). Methods: The clinical data of 184 patients with MDS who received allo-HSCT from July 2016 to June 2019 were retrospectively analyzed. IPSS-R and WPSS were performed at diagnosis and before transplantation. The prognostic values of IPSS-R and WPSS and potential risk factors were explored. Results: With a median follow-up of 21.9 (0.5-47.5) months, the two-year overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) rates were (75.1±3.4)% and (71.6±3.6)% , respectively. The two-year cumulative relapse rate and nonrelapse mortality rate were (11.9±0.1)% and (16.5±0.1)% , respectively. There were no significant differences in OS and PFS between the IPSS-R ≤3.5 and >3.5 groups at diagnosis (P=0.409; P=0.724). No significant differences in OS and PFS between the WPSS ≤2 and >2 groups (P=0.426; P=0.726) were observed as well. When the patients were reevaluated before transplantation, the OS and PFS of the IPSS-R ≤3.5 group were significantly better than >3.5 group [OS: (88.6±4.1)% vs (65.8±5.3)% , P=0.003; PFS: (87.6±4.2)% vs (60.5±5.8)% , P=0.002]. However, there were no significant differences in OS and PFS among the WPSS ≤2 and >2 groups (P=0.584; P=0.565). In addition, the OS and PFS of the improved group based on IPSS-R were significantly better than those of the unimproved group before transplantation [OS: (83.8±4.6)% vs (69.3±5.8)% , P=0.027; PFS: (82.8±4.4)% vs. (64.0±7.2)% , P=0.006]. Multivariate analysis indicated that a pretransplant IPSS-R of >3.5 (P=0.021, HR=2.510, 95% CI 1.151-5.476) and TP53 mutation (P=0.047, HR=2.460, 95% CI 1.014-5.971) were independent risk factors for OS, whereas a pretransplant IPSS-R of >3.5 (P=0.017, HR=2.457, 95% CI 1.175-5.141) and pretransplant cytogenetic poor and very poor (P=0.008, HR=2.765, 95% CI 1.305-5.856) were independent risk factors for PFS. Conclusion: A pretransplantation evaluation of IPSS-R could help determine the prognosis of patients with MDS undergoing allo-HSCT. In addition, patients with improved IPSS-R scores before undergoing allo-HSCT had a better prognosis.

[Efficacy and safety of venetoclax combined with azacitidine versus CAG regimen combined with decitabine in elderly patients with relapsed acute myeloid leukemia].

Objective: To compare the efficacy and safety of venetoclax (VEN) combined with azacitidine (AZA) versus CAG regimen combined with decitabine (DAC) in elderly patients with relapsed acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Methods: From January 2018 to August 2020, the clinical data of forty-five elderly patients with relapse AML at the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University were retrospectively analyzed, including 31 males and 14 females. The median age was 66 (60-80) years old. Eighteen patients were administrated with VEN and AZA, while the other 27 were in CAG with DAC. The complete remission (CR) rate, partial remission (PR) rate, total remission rate (ORR), adverse events and overall survival (OS) were compared between the two groups. Results: At the end of the treatment, the ORR in VEN with AZA group was 77.8% (14/18); including 11 CR and 3 PR. In CAG with DAC group, the ORR was 37.0% (10/27); including 8 CR and 2 PR (P=0.007). Subgroup analysis suggested that VEN with AZA had a higher ORR in patients stratified as intermediate and poor-risk (P=0.013) or with DNA methylation mutations (P=0.007). Main adverse events in both groups were bone marrow suppression, infections, nausea and vomiting, anorexia and fatigue. Grade Ⅲ-Ⅳ cytopenia developed in lower incidence of VEN with AZA group, such as leukopenia (66.7% vs. 100%, P=0.002), anemia (50.0% vs. 92.6%, P=0.002), thrombocytopenia (72.2% vs. 96.3%, P=0.031) and neutropenia (61.1% vs. 92.6%, P=0.014). In addition, less grade Ⅲ-Ⅳ infections occurred in VEN with AZA group (66.7% vs. 33.3%, P=0.028), as well as grade Ⅲ-Ⅳ gastrointestinal events (40.7% vs. 11.1%, P=0.032), grade Ⅲ-Ⅳ fatigue (55.6% vs.11.1%, P=0.003) compared with CAG with DAC group. The 1-year OS in VEN with AZA group versus CAG with DAC group was 42.9% and 31.6% respectively (P=0.150). Conclusion: VEN combined with AZA proves favorable efficacy and tolerablity in elderly patients with relapsed AML.

[Application of multi-stage competing risk model to survival data].

The traditional proportional hazard model is commonly used to investigate the association between main outcome and predictor variables. However, the endpoints in medical studies are often not unique. The analyses of labeling other competing outcomes other than the main outcome as censored data will theoretically lead to a biased estimate of the risk of main outcome. Although the traditional competitive risk model can adjust the influence of other outcomes on the risk of the main outcome, it can not directly compare the differences on the risks of different outcomes. The multi-state competing risk model provides a relatively suitable solution for this problem. In this study, based on a previously published follow-up data set for prostate cancer patients, we developed traditional proportional hazard model, traditional competitive risk model, and multi-state competing risk model, respectively. By comparing the advantages and disadvantages of the three models with the same survival data, we clarified the clinical application value of the multi-state competitive risk model in survival data with multiple outcomes.

[Potential pleiotropism of cancer-related single nucleotide polymorphisms among Chinese population].

Objective: To investigate the potential pleiotropism of cancer-related single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) among Chinese population. Methods: Based on the catalogue of GWAS jointly constructed by the National Human Genome Research Institute and the European Institute of Bioinformatics, according to population origin (Chinese population and non-Chinese population) and disease traits (cancer and non-cancer traits). All SNPs found by GWAS before August 2020 were divided into four categories: cancer in Chinese population, non-cancer in Chinese population, cancer in non-Chinese population and non-cancer in non-Chinese population. The number, correlation and linkage of the four categories of SNPs were described. Results: By August 2020, a total of 196 813 SNPs from 4 096 GWAS were included in the GWAS directory. The information that SNPs refer to unknown or were not related to the disease was excluded, and 117 441 independent SNPs were finally included. There were 619 SNPs related to cancer and 9 569 SNPs related to non-cancer disease in Chinese population, respectively. There were 4 624 SNPs related to cancer and 106 448 SNPs related to non-cancer disease (trait) in non-Chinese population, respectively. Three SNPs, rs2736100, rs6983267 and rs401681, were associated with two or more types of cancer in both Chinese and non-Chinese populations. Seven SNPs, rs7705526, rs2736100, rs10993994, rs2735839, rs4430796, rs174537 and rs9271588, were associated with cancer and non-cancer diseases in both Chinese and non-Chinese populations, respectively. Conclusion: There is a potential pleiotropism of cancer-related SNPs in Chinese population.

Atomistic insights into structure evolution and mechanical property of calcium silicate hydrates influenced by nuclear waste caesium.

The fundamental mechanisms underlying the influence of nuclear wastes on concrete properties remain poorly understood, especially at the molecular level. Herein, caesium ions (Cs+) are introduced into calcium silicate hydrates (CSH) to investigate its effect using molecular dynamics simulation. Structurally, a swelling phenomenon is observed, attributed to the CSH interlayer expansion as Cs+ occupies larger space than Ca2+. The diffusion of interlayer water, Ca2+ and Cs+, following an order of water > Cs+ > Ca2+, is accelerated with increasing Cs+ content, owing to three mechanisms: expanded interlayer space, weakened interfacial interaction, and loss of chemical bond stability. Mechanically, the Young's modulus and strength of CSH are degraded by Cs+ due to two mechanisms: (1) the load transfer ability of interlayer water and Ca2+ is weakened; (2) the load transfer provided by Cs+ is very weak. Additionally, a "hydrolytic weakening" mechanism is proposed to explain the mechanical degradation with increasing water content. This study also provides guidance for studying the influence of other wastes (like heavy metal ions) in concrete.

Long non-coding RNA LINC00346 regulates proliferation and apoptosis by targeting miR-128-3p/SZRD1 axis in glioma.

OBJECTIVE: Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) participate in multiple processes of malignant tumors, including glioma. In this study, we aimed to explore the effect of LINC00346 on glioma and its underlying mechanism. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and the Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas (CGGA) databases were used to analyze the expression patterns and survival risk of LINC00346, miR-128-3p and SUZ RNA binding domain containing 1 (SZRD1) in glioma tissues. The binding sites were predicted by bioinformatic databases, and then, validated by Dual-Luciferase assay and RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP). qRT-PCR and Western blot were performed to evaluate the gene expression levels. CellTiter-Glo® and colony formation assays were used to detect the proliferation of glioma cells. Flow cytometric analysis was used to evaluate the apoptosis of glioma cells. The xenograft models were established to investigate the impact of LINC00346 on tumor growth in vivo. RESULTS: We found that both LINC00346 and SZRD1 expression were negatively related to the poor overall survival rate in glioma patients. However, miR-128-3p showed the opposite effect of survival outcomes. LINC00346 knockdown remarkably restrained cell proliferation both in vitro and in vivo, as well as inducing apoptosis by acting as a molecular sponge of miR-128-3p. Moreover, miR-128-3p bound to SZRD1 3'-UTR in a sequence-specific manner. In addition, LINC00346 knockdown significantly inhibited the expression of SZRD1 and the inhibition could be reversed by miR-128-3p mimics. Furthermore, cell proliferation and apoptosis affected by LINC00346 were partially rescued by modulating miR-128-3p or SZRD1 expression. CONCLUSIONS: LINC00346/miR-128-3p/SZRD1 axis played a crucial role in modulating the malignant progression of glioma, which may serve as a prognostic indicator and a probable therapeutic target for glioma.

Circ-PRMT5 stimulates migration in esophageal cancer by binding miR-203.

OBJECTIVE: The study aimed to uncover the role of circ-PRMT5 in triggering the migratory ability of esophageal cancer by regulating microRNA-203 (miR-203) level. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Circ-PRMT5 levels in 56 matched esophageal cancer tissues and paracancerous ones were detected. The relationship between circ-PRMT5 level and clinical data of esophageal cancer patients was analyzed. Migratory abilities in TE-1 and OE33 cells influenced by circ-PRMT5 were evaluated by transwell and wound healing assay. Regulatory effect of circ-PRMT5 on miR-203 level, and the involvement of miR-203 in the development of esophageal cancer were determined through Dual-Luciferase reporter assay and rescue experiments. RESULTS: Circ-PRMT5 was upregulated in esophageal cancer tissues and cell lines. The expression level of circ-PRMT5 was positively correlated to the rates of lymphatic metastasis and distant metastasis of esophageal cancer. Knockdown of circ-PRMT5 attenuated migratory abilities in TE-1 and OE33 cells. MiR-203 was verified to be the target gene binding circ-PRMT5, with a negative correlation between each other. Notably, miR-203 was responsible for the regulatory effect of circ-PRMT5 on migratory ability in esophageal cancer. CONCLUSIONS: Circ-PRMT5 is positively correlated to the rates of lymphatic metastasis and distant metastasis of esophageal cancer. It promotes migratory ability in esophageal cancer by targeting miR-203.

Regioisomeric and enantiomeric analysis of primary triglycerides in human milk by silver ion and chiral HPLC atmospheric pressure chemical ionization-MS.

Triglycerides (TG) not only provide energy for infants but have important physiological functions. Understanding the composition and structure of TG in human milk is conducive to the development of infant formulas. In this study, TG species in human milk from 3 provincial capitals (Zhengzhou, Wuhan, and Harbin) in different regions of China were determined through C18 HPLC electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (MS). The results showed that in human milk from these 3 regions, oleoyl-palmitoyl-linoleoylglycerol (OPL; 16.55, 19.20, and 18.67%, respectively) was more abundant than oleoyl-palmitoyl-oleoylglycerol (OPO; 10.08, 10.22, and 12.03%, respectively). Subsequently, regioisomeric and enantiomeric analysis of main TG in the human milk were performed on silver ion and chiral HPLC atmospheric pressure chemical ionization mass spectrometry (APCI)-MS, respectively. The results showed that rac-OPL (above 85%), rac-OPO (above 85%), rac-palmitoyl-oleoyl-oleoylglycerol (PPO; above 90%), and rac-OLaO (above 70%) were the main regioisomers of OPL, OPO, PPO, and lauroyl-oleoyl-oleoylglycerol (LaOO), respectively. The relative ratios of enantiomer pairs of rac-OPL (rac-OPL1 and rac-OPL2) were about 37 and 63%, respectively.

Long non-coding RNA SNHG11 promotes cell proliferation, invasion and migration in glioma by targeting miR-154-5p.

OBJECTIVE: Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play critical roles in tumour progression. However, the function of lncRNA small nucleolar RNA host gene 11 (SNHG11) in glioma has not been mentioned before. Our study aims to uncover the biological roles of SNHG11 in the progression of glioma and throw light for clinical treatment of glioma. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis (GEPIA) dataset was used to analyze the SNHG11 expression between glioma and normal tissue, as well as survival benefit. The quantitative Real Time-Polymerase Chain Reaction (qRT-PCR) was used to detect SNHG11 and miR-154-5p expression. Celltiter-Glo, colony formation, and transwell assays were utilized to detect the influence of SNHG11 to the malignancy of U87 and U251 cells. The underlying pathways affected by SNHG11 were measured using Western blot. Furthermore, Luciferase reporter assay was applied to verify the interaction between SNHG11 and miR-154-5p. RESULTS: SNHG11 was upregulated in glioblastoma tissues and five malignant glioma cell lines. SNHG11 expression was negatively correlated with overall survival of glioma patients. Moreover, silencing of SNHG11 could decrease glioma cell viability both in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, the inhibition of SNHG11 suppressed proliferation, invasion and migration via regulating epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). In addition, SNHG11 could bind miRNA-154-5p and negatively regulate its level. CONCLUSIONS: SNHG11 functioned as an oncogene in glioma and promoted proliferation, invasion, and migration via EMT by sponging miR-154-5p. These findings provided a new therapeutic target for glioma.

Composition analysis of fatty acids and stereo-distribution of triglycerides in human milk from three regions of China.

Understanding the components composition characteristics of human milk is conductive for the development of infant formulas. The total fatty acids composition and the stereo-distribution of fatty acids in human milk triglycerides (TGs) from three regions (Zhengzhou, Wuhan and Harbin) of China were analyzed. The total and intrapositional fatty acids composition of human milk TGs showed significant differences among three regions. Zhengzhou, Harbin and Wuhan human milk possessed highest levels of medium-chain fatty acids (MCFA, 6.36 ±â€¯1.46%), short-chain fatty acids (SCFA, 0.10 ±â€¯0.03%) and monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA, 34.61 ±â€¯0.45%), and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA, 30.34 ±â€¯0.33%), respectively. The preference distribution of fatty acids in human milk TGs was hardly affected by regions, for the relative conservative interpositional levels of each fatty acids in three regions. Not only the specific distribution of sn-2 position, but the esterification of fatty acids in sn-1 and sn-3 positions also had preference. SCFA and MCFA were mainly esterified at sn-3 position, but LCSFA most unlikely distributed at the sn-3 position. The preference esterification of MUFA were sn-1, sn-3 > sn-2, and PUFA were sn-3 > sn-1 > sn-2. Therefore, the optimization of infant formulas not only needs considering total fatty acid composition of TGs but requires thinking over the stereo-distribution of fatty acids.

[Status of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs use in areas with a high incidence of upper gastrointestinal cancer in China: a multi-center cross-sectional survey].

Objective: To describe the status of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) use in areas with a high incidence of upper gastrointestinal cancer in China. Methods: This study was based on the National Key Research and Development Program of "National Precision Medicine Cohort of Esophageal Cancer" and "Study on Identification and Prevention of High-risk Populations of Gastrointestinal Malignancies (Esophageal cancer, Gastric cancer and Colorectal cancer)" . From January 2017 to August 2018, 212 villages or communities with a high incidence of esophageal cancer or gastric cancer were selected from 12 regions in 6 provinces. A total of 35 910 residents aged between 40 and 69 years old who met the inclusion criteria and signed the informed consent were investigated and enrolled in this study. The use of NSAIDs, demographic characteristics, health-related habits, height, weight, and blood pressure were collected by the questionnaire and physical examination. The status of main NSAIDs (aspirin, acetaminophen and ibuprofen) use with the difference varying in genders, age groups and regions were analyzed by using χ(2) test and Cochran-Armitage trend analysis method. Results: Of 35 910 subjects, the mean age was (54.6±7.1) years old and males accounted for 43.42% (15 591). The overall prevalence of NSAIDs intake was 4.56% (1 638), but it significantly varied in different provinces (P<0.001). The overall prevalence of NSAIDs intake was 4.87% (1 750) in females, which was significantly higher than that in males 4.24% (1 524) (P<0.001). The prevalence of NSAIDs intake increased with age (P for trend <0.001). As the frequency of NSAIDs intake increased, the incidence of gastrointestinal symptoms, gastrointestinal ulcers and black stools increased (P for trend <0.05 for all). Conclusion: The use of NSAIDs is prevalent in some areas with a high incidence of upper gastrointestinal cancer in China. The increased use of NSAIDs may lead to more adverse effects related to the gastrointestinal tract.

[The association of Bcl-2 gene polymorphism with the esophageal cancer and gastric cardia adenocarcinoma in Hebei Province].

Objective: To investigate the association between the promoter region-938 polymorphism of B-cell lymphoma/leukemia-2 (Bcl-2) gene and the esophageal cancer (EC) and gastric cardia adenocarcinoma (GCA) in Hebei Province. Methods: From 2007 to 2010, 145 esophageal cancer patients and 169 cardiaccancer patientsfrom the outpatient department of the Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical Universitywereselected in a case group, and 195 non-tumor patients were selected in a control group during the same period. A questionnaire survey was used to collect information of research subjects. Pathological tissues were collected to extract genomic DNA and detect the genotype of bcl-2 gene -938. A multivariate logistic regression model was used to analyze the association between the bcl-2 gene locus 938 CC genotype and the EC and GCA. The interaction between age, gender, smoking, drinking, upper gastrointestinal family history and the bcl-2 gene locus 938 CC genotype was analyzed by likelihood ratio test. Results: The age of the esophageal and cardiac cancer groups was (56.3±8.3) and (57.1±8.4) years old, and that of the control group was (54.7±7.1) years old. The proportion of the bcl-2 gene locus 938 CC genotype in the esophageal group [48.3% (70/145)] and the cardiac cancer group [48.5% (82/169)] was higher than that in the control group [33.8% (66/195)] (both P values<0.05).Compared with the AA genotype, the risk of esophageal cancer and cardiac cancerin people with the CC genotype was 2.386 (1.20-4.76) and 2.564 (1.27-5.18) respectively. In the population with CC genotype, compared with the positive family history, drinking, and male, the negative family history, non-drinking, and female had a higher risk of esophageal cancer; compared with the non-smoking, negative family history, non-drinking and male, the smoking, positive family history, drinking, and female had a higher risk of cardiac cancer (all the P interaction values were <0.05). Conclusion: People with bcl-2 gene locus 938 CC genotype in Hebei Provincewere more likely to suffer from the esophageal and gastric cardia adenocarcinoma.