Effect of Dental Implant System-Assisted Tooth Intentional Replantation in the Treatment of Anterior Teeth with Pathological Tooth Flaring, Drifting and Elongation in Patients with Stage III/IV Periodontitis: a Case Series.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the clinical effect of implant-assisted dental intentional replantation (IR) for the treatment of "drifted" anterior periodontally hopeless teeth (PHT). METHODS: The present authors recruited 22 patients with stage III/IV periodontitis who suffered drifting of the maxillary anterior teeth, with a total of 25 teeth. The PHT were extracted for in vitro root canal treatment (RCT). The root surface was smoothed and the shape was trimmed, and the alveolar socket was scratched. The dental implant system was used to prepare the alveolar socket according to the direction, depth and shape of the tooth implantation. The PHT were reimplanted into the prepared alveolar socket. The periodontal indicators were analysed statistically before and after surgery. RESULT: Twenty-two patients who completed the full course of treatment, with a total of 25 PHT, had a successful retention rate of 88%. Mean periodontal probing depth (PPD) decreased by 2.880 ± 0.556 mm and 3.390 ± 0.634 mm at 6 months and 1 year, respectively, and clinical attachment loss (CAL) decreased by 2.600 ± 0.622 mm and 2.959 ± 0.731 mm at the same time points, respectively, showing significant improvement (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Dental implant system-assisted IR can effectively preserve "drifted" natural PHT in patients with stage III/IV periodontitis.

Decoration of Ag Species into Reduced Graphene Oxide Foam as a Superelastic and Robust Host toward Stable Zn Metal Anodes under Dwell-Fatigue Condition.

Deep-sea equipment usually operates under dwell-fatigue condition, which means the equipped energy storage devices must survive under the changing pressure. Special mechanical designs should be considered to maintain the electrochemical performance of electrodes under this extreme condition. In this work, an effective assembly strategy is proposed to accommodate the dwell-fatigue loading using Ag decorated reduced graphene oxide (rGO) foam (denoted as AGF) as a superelastic and robust Zn host. The wet-press assembly process enables the formation of highly porous and robust framework. The strong synergetic effect between rGO and Ag further guarantees AGF's superelasticity and ultrahigh mechanical strength. Meanwhile, the homogeneously distributed Ag species on the rGO sheets act as zincophilic sites to effectively facilitate Zn plating. Furthermore, AGF offers enough space to address the expansion during the charge and discharge cycles. As expected, the symmetrical cell using this AGF@Zn host demonstrates a long lifespan over 400 h at a depth-of-discharge of 50%. It is worth mentioning that the superelastic AGF host realizes stable Zn plating/stripping under varying pressures.

Identification of chronic non-atrophic gastritis and intestinal metaplasia stages in the Correa's cascade through machine learning analyses of SERS spectral signature of non-invasively-collected human gastric fluid samples.

The progression of gastric cancer involves a complex multi-stage process, with gastroscopy and biopsy being the standard procedures for diagnosing gastric diseases. This study introduces an innovative non-invasive approach to differentiate gastric disease stage using gastric fluid samples through machine-learning-assisted surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS). This method effectively identifies different stages of gastric lesions. The XGBoost algorithm demonstrates the highest accuracy of 96.88% and 91.67%, respectively, in distinguishing chronic non-atrophic gastritis from intestinal metaplasia and different subtypes of gastritis (mild, moderate, and severe). Through blinded testing validation, the model can achieve more than 80% accuracy. These findings offer new possibilities for rapid, cost-effective, and minimally invasive diagnosis of gastric diseases.

Ultrathin cobalt-based nanosheets containing surface oxygen promoted near-complete nitrate removal.

Electrocatalytic nitrate removal offers a sustainable approach to alleviate nitrate pollution and to boost the anthropogenic nitrogen cycle, but it still suffers from limited removal efficiency at high rates, especially at low levels of nitrate. Herein, we report the near-complete removal of low-level nitrate (10-200 ppm) within 2 h using ultrathin cobalt-based nanosheets (CoNS) containing surface oxygen, which was fabricated from in-situ electrochemical reconstruction of conventional nanosheets. The average nitrate removal of 99.7 % with ammonia selectivity of 98.2 % in 9 cyclic runs ranked in the best of reported catalysts. Powered by a solar cell under the winter sun, the full-cell nitrate electrolysis system, equipped with ultrathin CoNS, achieved 100 % nitrogen gas selectivity and 99.6 % total nitrogen removal. The in-situ Fourier Transform Infrared included experiments and theoretical computations revealed that in-situ electrochemical reconstruction not only increased electrochemical active surface area but also constructed surface oxygen in active sites, leading to enhanced stabilization of nitrate adsorption in a symmetry breaking configuration and charge transfer, contributing to near-complete nitrate removal on ultrathin CoNS. This work provides a strategy to design ultrathin nanocatalysts for nitrate removal.

Analysis of CCND3 mutations in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma.

Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), accounts for 30-40% of newly diagnosed lymphomas, has an overall cure rate of approximately 60%. Despite previous reports suggesting a negative prognostic association between CCND3 mutations and Burkitt lymphoma, their prognostic implications in DLBCL remain controversial. To investigate this, we evaluated CCND3 mutation status in 2059 DLBCL patient samples from four database (integrated cohort) and additional 167 DLBCL patient samples in our center (JSPH cohort). The mutation was identified in 5.5% (113/2059) of the cases in the integrated cohort, with 86% (97/113) found in exon 5. Furthermore, P284, R271, I290 and Q276 are described as CCND3 mutation hotspots. CCND3 mutation was associated with decreased overall survival (OS) in the integrated cohort (P = 0.0407). Further subgroup analysis revealed that patients diagnosed as EZB subtype DLBCL by LymphGen algorithm with CCND3 mutations had poorer OS than patients diagnosed as EZB subtype without CCND3 mutations (P = 0.0140). Using the next-generation sequencing (NGS) in the JSPH cohort, it was found that both cell cycle and DNA replication pathways were highly upregulated in patients with CCND3 mutations. Our results suggest that CCND3 mutations can serve as a novel prognostic factor in DLBCL pathogenesis. Consequently, the development of personalized therapeutic strategies for DLBCL patients with CCND3 mutations might enhance their prognosis.

[Growth decline characteristics of Picea schrenkiana at different altitudes in Yili River Basin, western Tian-shan Mountains, Xinjiang, China]. / 新疆天山西部伊犁河流域不同海拔雪岭云杉生长衰退特征.

Picea schrenkiana is the dominant tree species in Ili River Basin located in the western Tianshan Mountains of Xinjiang. We investigated the growth decline characteristics of P. schrenkiana at different altitudes (1800, 2300 and 2800 m) based on tree-ring index (TRI) and percentage growth change (GC), aiming to understand the growth response of P. schrenkiana to drought events at different altitudes and the impacts of altitude on tree growth decline in this region. The results showed that P. schrenkiana experienced multiple decline events at low-altitude (1800 m). TRI and GC identified inconsistent occurrence time of the decline events. The variations of TRI indicated that P. schrenkiana at low-altitude experienced two large-scale declines during 1927-1933 and 2017-2014, respectively. The variations of GC identified four decline events, including 1891-1893, 1924-1926, 1973-1975, and 2004-2009. The radial growth of P. schrenkiana across altitudes from low to high was significantly affected by the Palmer drought severity index (PDSI) of the previous growing season. The impact of current PDSI on P. schrenkiana during the growing season initially enhanced but later decreased with increasing altitude. In the extreme drought year 1917, the magnitude of growth decline increased with altitude. At low-altitude (1800 m), the TRI was 0.65, which was 35% lower than the normal level. At mid-altitude (2300 m) and high-altitude (2800 m), it was 0.56 and 0.54, respectively, being 40% lower than the average level. The drought event in 1917 had a 2-year legacy effect on the growth of P. schrenkiana at all the altitudes, with the TRI in 1920 recovered to exceeding 0.9, being close to the normal level. The impact of altitude on drought-induced forest decline was significant. Tree growth in low-altitude areas was more vulnerable to drought events due to the relatively poorer water and temperature conditions at low-altitude, which could lead to multiple large-scale decline events. In mid- and high-altitude areas, where hydrothermal conditions were more favorable, trees could experience even more severe decline during extreme droughts.

Construction of Two-Dimensional Organometallic Coordination Networks with Both Organic Kagome and Semiregular Metal Lattices on Au(111).

Two-dimensional metal-organic networks (2D MONs) having heterogeneous coordination nodes (HCNs) could exhibit excellent performance in catalysis and optoelectronics because of the unbalanced electron distribution of the coordinating metals. Therefore, the design and construction of 2D MONs with HCNs are highly desirable but remain challenging. Here, we report the construction of 2D organometallic coordination networks with an organic Kagome lattice and a semiregular metal lattice on Au(111) via the in situ formation of HCNs. Using a bifunctional precursor 1,4-dibromo-2,5-diisocyanobenzene, the coordination of isocyano with Au adatom on a room-temperature Au(111) yielded metal-organic coordination chains with isocyano-Au-isocyano nodes. In contrast, on a high-temperature Au(111), a selective debromination/coordination cascade reaction occurred, affording 2D organometallic coordination networks with phenyl-Au-isocyano nodes. By combining scanning tunneling microscopy and density functional theory calculations, we determined the structures of coordination products and the nature of coordination nodes, demonstrating a thermodynamically favorable pathway for forming the phenyl-Au-isocyano nodes.

Multispectral 3D DNA Machine Combined with Multimodal Machine Learning for Noninvasive Precise Diagnosis of Bladder Cancer.

Extracellular vesicle (EV) molecular phenotyping offers enormous opportunities for cancer diagnostics. However, the majority of the associated studies adopted biomarker-based unimodal analysis to achieve cancer diagnosis, which has high false positives and low precision. Herein, we report a multimodal platform for the high-precision diagnosis of bladder cancer (BCa) through a multispectral 3D DNA machine in combination with a multimodal machine learning (ML) algorithm. The DNA machine was constructed using magnetic microparticles (MNPs) functionalized with aptamers that specifically identify the target of interest, i.e., five protein markers on bladder-cancer-derived urinary EVs (uEVs). The aptamers were hybridized with DNA-stabilized silver nanoclusters (DNA/AgNCs) and a G-quadruplex/hemin complex to form a sensing module. Such a DNA machine ensured multispectral detection of protein markers by fluorescence (FL), inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), and UV-vis absorption (Abs). The obtained data sets then underwent uni- or multimodal ML for BCa diagnosis to compare the analytical performance. In this study, urine samples were obtained from our prospective cohort (n = 45). Our analytical results showed that the 3D DNA machine provided a detection limit of 9.2 × 103 particles mL-1 with a linear range of 4 × 104 to 5 × 107 particles mL-1 for uEVs. Moreover, the multimodal data fusion model exhibited an accuracy of 95.0%, a precision of 93.1%, and a recall rate of 93.2% on average, while those of the three types of unimodal models were no more than 91%. The elevated diagnosis precision by using the present fusion platform offers a perspective approach to diminishing the rate of misdiagnosis and overtreatment of BCa.

[Air Pollutant Spatiotemporal Evolution Characteristics and Effects on Human Health in Xi'an City].

Xi'an is the political, economic, and cultural center of northwest China with a developed industry. Air pollution incidents have brought great challenges to the high-quality development of the social economy. It is vital to study air pollution characteristics and clarify their impact on human health. In this study, we first analyzed the spatiotemporal variations in air pollutants in the study region from 2015 to 2021. Then, the air quality index (AQI), aggregate air quality index (AAQI), and health risk-based air quality index (HAQI) were used to assess health risks. Based on these, the AirQ2.2.3 model was used to quantify health effects. The results showed that the major pollutants were PM10, PM2.5, and O3. The main pollution characteristics of the study area were terrain characteristics and the mixed pollution of anthropogenic emissions. Compared to that of AQI, AAQI and HAQI showed better classification performance for pollution levels. HAQI revealed that approximately 80 % of the population was exposed to unhealthy air throughout the year in the study region. People were most exposed to unhealthy air in winter, followed by autumn and spring, and the least in summer. The AirQ2.2.3 model quantified the total mortality proportions attributable to PM2.5, PM10, SO2, CO, NO2, and O3, which were 0.99 %, 2.04 %, 0.41 %, 1.72 %, 8.76 %, and 3.67 %, respectively. The attributable proportion of mortality of the respiratory system and cardiovascular diseases was consistent with the change rule of total mortality.

Metabolic landscape of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma informs a novel kynurenine/Siglec-15 axis in immune escape.

BACKGROUND: Metabolic reprograming and immune escape are two hallmarks of cancer. However, how metabolic disorders drive immune escape in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) remains unclear. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to investigate the metabolic landscape of HNSCC and its mechanism of driving immune escape. METHODS: Analysis of paired tumor tissues and adjacent normal tissues from 69 HNSCC patients was performed using liquid/gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and RNA-sequencing. The tumor-promoting function of kynurenine (Kyn) was explored in vitro and in vivo. The downstream target of Kyn was investigated in CD8+ T cells. The regulation of CD8+ T cells was investigated after Siglec-15 overexpression in vivo. An engineering nanoparticle was established to deliver Siglec-15 small interfering RNA (siS15), and its association with immunotherapy response were investigated. The association between Siglec-15 and CD8+ programmed cell death 1 (PD-1)+ T cells was analyzed in a HNSCC patient cohort. RESULTS: A total of 178 metabolites showed significant dysregulation in HNSCC, including carbohydrates, lipids and lipid-like molecules, and amino acids. Among these, amino acid metabolism was the most significantly altered, especially Kyn, which promoted tumor proliferation and metastasis. In addition, most immune checkpoint molecules were upregulated in Kyn-high patients based on RNA-sequencing. Furthermore, tumor-derived Kyn was transferred into CD8+ T cells and induced T cell functional exhaustion, and blocking Kyn transporters restored its killing activity. Accroding to the results, mechanistically, Kyn transcriptionally regulated the expression of Siglec-15 via aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR), and overexpression of Siglec-15 promoted immune escape by suppressing T cell infiltration and activation. Targeting AhR in vivo reduced Kyn-mediated Siglec-15 expression and promoted intratumoral CD8+ T cell infiltration and killing capacity. Finally, a NH2-modified mesoporous silica nanoparticle was designed to deliver siS15, which restored CD8+ T cell function status and enhanced anti-PD-1 efficacy in tumor-bearing immunocompetent mice. Clinically, Siglec-15 was positively correlated with AhR expression and CD8+PD-1+ T cell infiltration in HNSCC tissues. CONCLUSIONS: The findings describe the metabolic landscape of HNSCC comprehensively and reveal that the Kyn/Siglec-15 axis may be a novel potential immunometabolism mechanism, providing a promising therapeutic strategy for cancers.

Clinical implications of CSF-ctDNA positivity in newly diagnosed diffuse large B cell lymphoma.

The clinical implications of CSF-ctDNA positivity in newly diagnosed diffuse large B cell lymphoma (ND-DLBCL) remains largely unexplored. One hundred ND-DLBCL patients were consecutively enrolled as training cohort and another 26 ND-DLBCL patients were prospectively enrolled in validation cohort. CSF-ctDNA positivity (CSF(+)) was identified in 25 patients (25.0%) in the training cohort and 7 patients (26.9%) in the validation cohort, extremely higher than CNS involvement rate detected by conventional methods. Patients with mutations of CARD11, JAK2, ID3, and PLCG2 were more predominant with CSF(+) while FAT4 mutations were negatively correlated with CSF(+). The downregulation of PI3K-AKT signaling, focal adhesion, actin cytoskeleton, and tight junction pathways were enriched in CSF(+) ND-DLBCL. Furthermore, pretreatment CSF(+) was significantly associated with poor outcomes. Three risk factors, including high CSF protein level, high plasma ctDNA burden, and involvement of high-risk sites were used to predict the risk of CSF(+) in ND-DLBCL. The sensitivity and specificity of pretreatment CSF-ctDNA to predict CNS relapse were 100% and 77.3%. Taken together, we firstly present the prevalence and the genomic and transcriptomic landscape for CSF-ctDNA(+) DLBCL and highlight the importance of CSF-ctDNA as a noninvasive biomarker in detecting and monitoring of CSF infiltration and predicting CNS relapse in DLBCL.

Integral BLF-Based Adaptive Dynamic Event-Triggered Boundary Control for a Flexible Riser System.

For the flexible riser systems modeled with partial differential equations (PDEs), this article explores the boundary control problem in depth for the first time using a dynamic event-triggered mechanism (DETM). Given the intrinsic time-space coupling characteristic inherent in PDE computations, implementing a state-dependent DETM for PDE-based flexible risers presents a significant challenge. To overcome this difficulty, a novel dynamic event-triggered control method is introduced for flexible riser systems, focusing on optimizing available control inputs. In order to save computational costs from the controller to the actuator, a dynamic event-triggered adaptive boundary controller is designed to effectively reduce boundary position vibrations. Additionally, considering external disturbances, an adaptive bounded compensation term is incorporated to counteract the influence of external disturbances on the system. Addressing boundary position constraints, a new integral barrier Lyapunov function (iBLF) tailored specifically for flexible riser systems is introduced, thereby alleviating conservatism in the controller design of flexible risers modeled by PDEs. At last, the validity of the proposed method is demonstrated through a simulation example.

MUC16: clinical targets with great potential.

Mucin 16 (MUC16) is a membrane-bound mucin that is abnormally expressed or mutated in a variety of diseases, especially tumors, while being expressed in normal body epithelium. MUC16 and its extracellular components are often important cancer-related biomarkers. Abnormal expression of MUC16 promotes tumor progression through mesenchymal protein, PI3K/AKT pathway, JAK2/STAT3 pathway, ERK/FBW7/c-Myc, and other mechanisms, and plays an important role in the occurrence and development of tumors. In addition, MUC16 also helps tumor immune escape by inhibiting T cells and NK cells. Many drugs and trials targeting MUC16 have been developed, and MUC16 may be a new direction for future treatments. In this paper, the mechanism of action of MUC16 in the development of cancer, especially in the immune escape of tumor, is introduced in detail, indicating the potential of MUC16 in clinical treatment.

Objectivization study of acupuncture Deqi and brain modulation mechanisms: a review.

Deqi is an important prerequisite for acupuncture to achieve optimal efficacy. Chinese medicine has long been concerned with the relationship between Deqi and the clinical efficacy of acupuncture. However, the underlying mechanisms of Deqi are complex and there is a lack of systematic summaries of objective quantitative studies of Deqi. Acupuncture Deqi can achieve the purpose of treating diseases by regulating the interaction of local and neighboring acupoints, brain centers, and target organs. At local and neighboring acupoints, Deqi can change their tissue structure, temperature, blood perfusion, energy metabolism, and electrophysiological indicators. At the central brain level, Deqi can activate the brain regions of the thalamus, parahippocampal gyrus, postcentral gyrus, insular, middle temporal gyrus, cingulate gyrus, etc. It also has extensive effects on the limbic-paralimbic-neocortical-network and default mode network. The brain mechanisms of Deqi vary depending on the acupuncture techniques and points chosen. In addition, Deqi 's mechanism of action involves correcting abnormalities in target organs. The mechanisms of acupuncture Deqi are multi-targeted and multi-layered. The biological mechanisms of Deqi are closely related to brain centers. This study will help to explore the mechanism of Deqi from a local-central-target-organ perspective and provide information for future clinical decision-making.

Bifunctional Protein TC1 Mediated One-Pot Strategy for Robust Immobilization of DNA with High Accessibility.

Immobilizing DNA with high accessibility at the interface is attractive but challenging. Current methods often involve multiple chemical reactions and derivatives. In this study, an endonuclease, TC1, is introduced to develop a robust strategy for immobilizing DNA with enhanced accessibility. TC1 enables direct immobilization of DNA onto a solid support through self-catalytic DNA covalent coupling and robust solid adsorption capabilities. This method demonstrates high accessibility to target molecules, supported by the improved sensitivity of DNA hybridization and aptamer-target recognition assays. TC1-mediated DNA immobilization is a one-pot reaction that does not require chemical derivatives, making it promising for the development of high-performance DNA materials and technologies.

In situ/Operando Synchrotron Radiation Analytical Techniques for CO2/CO Reduction Reaction: From Atomic Scales to Mesoscales.

Electrocatalytic carbon dioxide/carbon monoxide reduction reaction (CO(2)RR) has emerged as a prospective and appealing strategy to realize carbon neutrality for manufacturing sustainable chemical products. Developing highly active electrocatalysts and stable devices has been demonstrated as effective approach to enhance the conversion efficiency of CO(2)RR. In order to rationally design electrocatalysts and devices, a comprehensive understanding of the intrinsic structure evolution within catalysts and micro-environment change around electrode interface, particularly under operation conditions, is indispensable. Synchrotron radiation has been recognized as a versatile characterization platform, garnering widespread attention owing to its high brightness, elevated flux, excellent directivity, strong polarization and exceptional stability. This review systematically introduces the applications of synchrotron radiation technologies classified by radiation sources with varying wavelengths in CO(2)RR. By virtue of in situ/operando synchrotron radiationanalytical techniques, we also summarize relevant dynamic evolution processes from electronic structure, atomic configuration, molecular adsorption, crystal lattice and devices, spanning scales from the angstrom to the micrometer. The merits and limitations of diverse synchrotron characterization techniques are summarized, and their applicable scenarios in CO(2)RR are further presented. On the basis of the state-of-the-art fourth-generation synchrotron facilities, a perspective for further deeper understanding of the CO(2)RR process using synchrotron radiation analytical techniques is proposed.

PRMT5 activates lipid metabolic reprogramming via MYC contributing to the growth and survival of mantle cell lymphoma.

Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is an incurable and aggressive subtype of non-Hodgkin B-cell lymphoma. Increased lipid uptake, storage, and lipogenesis occur in a variety of cancers and contribute to rapid tumor growth. However, no data has been explored for the roles of lipid metabolism reprogramming in MCL. Here, we identified aberrant lipid metabolism reprogramming and PRMT5 as a key regulator of cholesterol and fatty acid metabolism reprogramming in MCL patients. High PRMT5 expression predicts adverse outcome prognosis in 105 patients with MCL and GEO database (GSE93291). PRMT5 deficiency resulted in proliferation defects and cell death by CRISPR/Cas9 editing. Moreover, PRMT5 inhibitors including SH3765 and EPZ015666 worked through blocking SREBP1/2 and FASN expression in MCL. Furthermore, PRMT5 was significantly associated with MYC expression in 105 MCL samples and the GEO database (GSE93291). CRISPR MYC knockout indicated PRMT5 can promote MCL outgrowth by inducing SREBP1/2 and FASN expression through the MYC pathway.

RUVBL1 accelerates tongue squamous cell carcinoma by mediating CRaf/MEK/ERK pathway.

RAF/MEK/ERK pathway is frequently activated in tumor. Therefore, this study will investigate the function of RUVBL1 (RAF-binding protein) in tongue squamous cell carcinoma (TSCC). Bioinformatics was performed to identify differentially expressed mRNAs (DE-mRNAs) in TCGA-oral squamous cell carcinoma, GSE13601, and GSE34105 datasets. A total of 672 shared DE-mRNAs were identified in three datasets, and they are regulating metastasis and angiogenesis. Patients with RUVBL1 low expression had high overall survival. Overexpressing RUVBL1 enhanced the viability, wound healing percentage, invasion, sphere formation, angiogenesis, and resistance to cisplatin and 5-fluorouracil in CAL-27 and SCC-4 cells, and the opposite results were obtained by knocking down RUVBL1. Moreover, overexpression of RUVBL1 bolstered tumor growth in vivo. Strikingly, RUVBL1 diminished the phosphorylation of CRAF Ser259, which led to activation of the MEK/ERK pathway. In conclusion, RUVBL1 contributes to the malignant biological behavior of TSCC via activating the CRAF/MEK/ERK pathway. This provides molecular mechanisms and perspectives for targeted therapy of the CRAF/MEK/ERK pathway.

Regulation of Dihydroartemisinin on the pathological progression of laryngeal carcinoma through the periostin/YAP/IL-6 pathway.

Objective: Laryngeal cancer (LC) is one of the most common squamous cell carcinomas of the head and neck in clinical practice, and its incidence has been increasing in recent years, but the prognosis of the patients is not favorable. Hence, it is critical to re-understand and deeply study the causes and mechanisms of LC and explore new effective treatment methods and strategies. In this study, we analyzed the effect of Dihydroartemisinin (DHA) on the pathological progression of LC through the periostin (POSTN)/Yes-associated protein (YAP)/interleukin (IL)-6 pathway, which can provide new clinical references and guidelines. Methods: POSTN, YAP, and IL-6 levels in 18 pairs of fresh LC tissues and adjacent counterparts in our hospital were detected. Additionally, LC TU686 cell line was purchased for DHA treatment of various concentrations to detect changes in cell biological behavior. Finally, we built a tumor-bearing mouse model with C57BL/6 mice and intragastrically administrated DHA to the animals to observe the growth of living tumors and to measure POSTN, YAP, and IL-6 expression in tumor tissues. Results: As indicated by PCR, Western blotting, and immunohistochemistry, POSTN, YAP, and IL-6 presented higher expression in LC tissues than in adjacent counterparts. In cell experiments, the cloning rate of LC cells decreased and the apoptosis rate increased after DHA intervention, with 160 µmol/L DHA contributing to the most significant effect on LC activity inhibition. Furthermore, DHA-intervened cells exhibited markedly reduced POSTN, YAP, and IL-6 levels. Finally, the tumorigenesis experiment in nude mice showed inhibited tumor growth after DHA administration. And consistently, the expressions of POSTN, YAP, and IL-6 in living tumors decreased. Conclusions: DHA can inhibit POSTN/YAP/IL-6 transduction, accelerate LC cell apoptosis, and alleviate the malignant progression of LC.

Iron-Catalyzed C(sp3)-C(sp3) Coupling to Construct Quaternary Carbon Centers.

The construction of quaternary carbon centers via C-C coupling protocols remains challenging. The coupling of tertiary C(sp3) with secondary or tertiary C(sp3) counterparts has been hindered by pronounced steric clashes and many side reactions. Herein, we have successfully developed a type of bisphosphine ligand iron complex-catalyzed coupling reactions of tertiary alkyl halides with secondary alkyl zinc reagents and efficiently realized the coupling reaction between tertiary C(sp3) and secondary C(sp3) with high selectivity for the initial instance, which provided an efficient method for the construction of quaternary carbon centers with high steric hindrance. The combination of an iron catalyst and directing group of the substrate makes the great challenging transformation possible.