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1.
J Food Sci ; 87(5): 2229-2244, 2022 May.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35446445

RESUMO

Sichuan pickle is one of popular traditional fermented foods in China. However, the contamination of heavy metals in Sichuan pickle, particularly home-made Sichuan pickle and aged pickle brine, is little known. Therefore, the content of trace (Cr, Cu, and Zn) and toxic elements (As, Pb, and Cd) in Sichuan industrial pickle (SIP), Sichuan home-made pickle (SHP), and aged pickle brine collected from local markets and families in Sichuan province, respectively, was detected by inductively coupled plasma-tandem mass spectrometry (ICP-MS/MS) and the health risk was assessed by target hazard quotients including target hazard quotient (THQ) and total target hazard quotient (TTHQ). Consequently, the mean concentrations of Cr, Cu, Zn, As, Pb, and Cd were 0.122, 0.540, 2.516, 0.023, 0.015, and 0.106 mg/kg in SIP and 0.071, 0.364, 2.698, 0.014, 0.015, and 0.289 mg/kg in SHP, respectively, lower than the maximum allowable concentrations set by Chinese regulations, except for Cr and Cd in few samples. Principal component analysis of the heavy metal content could obviously distinguish between SIP and SHP. The content of As, Pb, and Cd in leaf pickles was significantly higher than that in pickles fermented with other types of vegetables. A significant enrichment of heavy metals in aged pickle brine over 10 years was observed, but pickle jars had no significant effect on heavy metal content in aged pickle brine. The intake of heavy metals through daily consumption of SIP and SHP was at a safe level, whereas the TTHQ of leaf pickle was 1.006, indicating a potential health risk. In conclusion, this study provided fundamental data for food safety assurance of Sichuan pickle. PRACTICAL APPLICATION: Sichuan pickle is one of popular traditional fermented foods in China. In the present study, we investigated the contamination of heavy metals in Sichuan pickles by detecting the content of Cr, Cu, Zn, As, Cd, and Pb in Sichuan industrial pickle, Sichuan home-made pickle, and aged pickle brine, and estimated the health risk to local residents. This study can provide a reference for the safety risk of Sichuan industrial and home-made pickle in terms of heavy metal contamination, and enhance the food safety in the processing, production, and consumption of Sichuan pickle in local families and pickle industry.


Assuntos
Alimentos Fermentados , Metais Pesados , Idoso , Cádmio , Humanos , Chumbo , Medição de Risco , Espectrometria de Massas em Tandem , Verduras
2.
Clin Rheumatol ; 27(10): 1299-306, 2008 Oct.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-18512115

RESUMO

Interstitial lung disease (ILD) has been reported in patients with primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC); however, its frequency and pathogenesis are still poorly documented. Sjogren's syndrome (SS) is fairly common among patients with PBC, but the relationship between SS and PBC also remains controversial. To determine whether ILD and SS in PBC is a causal or casual association, whether SS accompanying PBC, could be considered secondary to or associated with PBC. One hundred and nine consecutive PBC cases were analyzed, and the differences of clinical features, histological stages, and serum autoantibodies between the PBC patients with and without SS were compared. There were 46 PBC patients with SS and 63 without SS, and 11 patients met the criteria of ILD. SS is associated with PBC in the form of secondary SS. The frequency of ILD in PBC patients with SS was 21.7% while only 1.6% in PBC patients without SS (P<0.0001). ILD in PBC was related to SS, with Spearman's rank coefficient of 0.330 (P=0.000). The association of SS with PBC, significantly higher in patients with than without ILD, which supports the hypothesis that ILD and SS in PBC, may be a causal, not casual, association.


Assuntos
Cirrose Hepática Biliar/complicações , Doenças Pulmonares Intersticiais/complicações , Síndrome de Sjogren/complicações , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Estudos de Coortes , Feminino , Humanos , Cirrose Hepática Biliar/imunologia , Doenças Pulmonares Intersticiais/patologia , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Síndrome de Sjogren/imunologia
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