RESUMO
Landfill-concentrated leachate from membrane separation processes is a potential pollution source for the surroundings. In this study, the toxicity and estrogenicity potentials of concentrated leachate prior to and during UV-Fenton and Fenton treatments were assessed by a combination of chemical (di (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate and dibutyl phthalate were chosen as targets) and biological (Daphnia magna, Chlorella vulgaris, and E-screen assay) analyses. Removal efficiencies of measured di (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate and dibutyl phthalate were more than 97 % after treatment with the two methods. Biological tests showed acute toxicity effects on D. magna tests in untreated concentrated leachate samples, whereas acute toxicity on C. vulgaris tests was not observed. Both treatment methods were found to be efficient in reducing acute toxicity effects on D. magna tests. The E-screen test showed concentrated leachate had significant estrogenicity, UV-Fenton and Fenton treatment, especially the former, were effective methods for reducing estrogenicity of concentrated leachate. The EEQchem (estradiol equivalent concentration) of all samples could only explain 0.218-5.31 % range of the EEQbio. These results showed that UV-Fenton reagent could be considered as a suitable method for treatment of concentrated leachate, and the importance of the application of an integrated (biological + chemical) analytical approach for a comprehensive evaluation of treatment suitability.
Assuntos
Dibutilftalato , Dietilexilftalato , Estrogênios , Peróxido de Hidrogênio/química , Ferro/química , Raios Ultravioleta , Poluentes Químicos da Água , Animais , Chlorella vulgaris/efeitos dos fármacos , Daphnia/efeitos dos fármacos , Dibutilftalato/química , Dibutilftalato/efeitos da radiação , Dibutilftalato/toxicidade , Dietilexilftalato/química , Dietilexilftalato/efeitos da radiação , Dietilexilftalato/toxicidade , Estrogênios/química , Estrogênios/efeitos da radiação , Estrogênios/toxicidade , Oxirredução , Instalações de Eliminação de Resíduos , Eliminação de Resíduos Líquidos , Poluentes Químicos da Água/química , Poluentes Químicos da Água/efeitos da radiação , Poluentes Químicos da Água/toxicidadeRESUMO
A field study in the Pearl River Delta of China was conducted in order to describe to the spatial and seasonal variation of occurrence and concentrations of total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH) in surface water and sediments. Petroleum hydrocarbons and isoprenoid alkanes were quantified by UV spectroscopy and gas chromatography with a mass selective detector. The concentrations of TPH ranged from 4.3 to 68.7 µg L(-1) in surface water, and from 66.6 to 1445 µg g(-1) in surface sediments. The ratios of pristine to phytane suggested that the main sources of TPH in the sediment were petroleum importation. The highest concentrations of TPH were present in the spring season. When compared with results from previous studies, it can be concluded that the Pearl River Delta was moderately polluted by TPH. No statistically significant correlations were observed between the concentrations of TPH in surface water and sediments.
