FOXO1-Induced miR-502-3p Suppresses Colorectal Cancer Cell Growth through Targeting CDK6.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the most common tumor of the digestive system and the third most common tumor worldwide. To date, the prognosis of CRC patients remains poor. It is urgent to identify new therapeutic targets for CRC. As a tumor suppresser, microRNA (miRNA) miR-502-5p is downregulated in CRC tissues. Nevertheless, the role of miR-502-3p in CRC is largely unclear. Besides, the transcript factor forkhead box protein O1 (FOXO1) could suppress the CRC cell growth. However, the effect of FOXO1 on miR-502-3p in CRC remains unknown. By contrast, cyclin-dependent kinases 6 (CDK6) promotes the CRC cell growth. Yet the regulatory effect of miR-502-3p on CDK6 in CRC has not been reported. Thus, the primary aim of this study was to investigate whether FOXO1 enhanced miR-502-3p expression to suppress the CRC cell growth by targeting CDK6. Here, RNA level and protein level were detected by quantitative reverse transcription-PCR (qRT-PCR) and western blot (WB), respectively. Besides, the cell growth was detected by Cell Counting Kit 8 (CCK8) assay. Moreover, the regulatory effect of FOXO1 on miR-502-3p or miR-502-3p on CDK6 was determined using dual-luciferase reporter gene (DLR) assay. Results revealed that miR-502-3p and FOXO1 were downregulated in CRC cells. Besides, miR-502-3p suppressed the CRC cell growth. Moreover, FOXO1 could increase the miR-502-3p level through facilitating MIR502 transcription in CRC cells. In addition, miR-502-3p could suppress the CRC cell growth by targeting CDK6. These findings indicated that FOXO1 induced miR-502-3p expression to suppress the CRC cell growth through targeting CDK6, which might provide new therapeutic targets for CRC.

Pesticide residues in agricultural topsoil from the Hainan tropical riverside basin: Determination, distribution, and relationships with planting patterns and surface water.

Pesticide residues were assessed in rice-vegetable rotation topsoil from tropical riverside basin. The 256 tropical topsoil samples from the Nandu River Basin (NRB) and Wanquan River Basin (WRB) in Hainan (China) were taken from 2018 to 2019. A total of 32 current-use pesticides (CUPs) and nine legacy pesticides (LPs) were detected using a method based on a QuEChERS technique. The highest residues were from the fungicide carbendazim (257.2 µg/kg) and the insecticide imidacloprid (139.4 µg/kg). The nine LPs (8 organochlorine pesticides and chlorpyrifos) were detected in 84.4% of the samples with mean concentrations ranging from 0.02 to 675.4 µg/kg. The two most commonly detected pesticides were imidacloprid and emamectin benzoate with detection rates of 96.8% and 91.8%, respectively. The highest total concentration of pesticides from the NRB and WRB was detected in July. The highest average number of multi-residues (16) was recorded in January, compared to 14 and 12 in July and November, respectively. There was a significant correlation between the multiple pesticide residues in soil and vegetable planting types (p < 0.01). There was a significant positive correlation between the pesticide number in topsoil and the pesticide number in water (p < 0.01). The multiple pesticide residues found in surface water were consistent with those in topsoil, suggesting a potential risk of water contamination in the rice-vegetable rotation.

Safety and efficacy of total parenteral nutrition versus total enteral nutrition for patients with severe acute pancreatitis: a meta-analysis.

Objective This study was performed to systematically compare the safety and efficacy of total enteral nutrition (TEN) and total parenteral nutrition (TPN) for patients with severe acute pancreatitis (SAP). Methods The PubMed database was searched up to January 2017, and nine studies were retrieved. These studies were selected according to specific eligibility criteria. The methodological quality of each trial was assessed, and the study design, interventions, participant characteristics, and final results were then analyzed by Review Manager 5.3 (The Nordic Cochrane Centre, The Cochrane Collaboration, Copenhagen, Denmark). Results Nine relevant randomized controlled trials involving 500 patients (244 patients in the TEN group and 256 patients in the TPN group) were included in the meta-analysis. Pooled analysis showed a significantly lower mortality rate in the TEN than TPN group [odds ratio (OR), 0.31; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.18-0.54]. The duration of hospitalization was significantly shorter in the TEN than TPN group (mean difference, -0.59; 95% CI, -2.56-1.38). Compared with TPN, TEN had a lower risk of pancreatic infection and related complications (OR, 0.41; 95% CI, 0.22-0.77), organ failure (OR, 0.17; 95% CI, 0.06-0.52), and surgical intervention (OR, 0.17; 95% CI, 0.05-0.62). Conclusions This meta-analysis indicates that TEN is safer and more effective than TPN for patients with SAP. When both TEN and TPN have a role in the management of SAP, TEN is the preferred option.