Candidate Genes for Prediction of Efficacy and Safety of Statin Therapy in the Kazakh Population.

The purpose of this research was to determine the frequency of mutation of the cytochrome CYP3A5 genes and transport proteins SLCO1B1 and MDR1 in patients with coronary heart disease in the Kazakh nation. A prospective cohort clinical and genetic study was conducted. The study was conducted in 2017-2019. Medical records containing information about drug prescription conducted in hospitals and outpatient departments were carefully analyzed. In the examined group of 178 patients treated with statins, a significant frequency of genetic variants that determine the increased risk of complications of statin use was revealed. There was a tendency toward an increase in the activity of creatine phosphokinase (CPK) in the blood upon detection of the A6986G mutation of the cytochrome gene and SLCO1B1 (c.521T>C) gene of the transport protein OATP1B1. In the studied Kazakh population, the presence of a homozygous mutant SLCO1B1 gene of the transport protein can be recommended as a genetic marker for the undesirability of using antihypercholesterolemic therapy with statins, which simultaneously leads to a decrease in the effectiveness of treatment and an increase in the risk of side effects.

Correction to: The levels of oxidative stress in a combination of stress factors.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.25122/jml-2021-0060.].

The levels of oxidative stress in a combination of stress factors.

We studied the effect of the combined action of ionizing radiation and induced immobilization stress on the lipid peroxidation process and antioxidant protection of organs (mesenteric lymph nodes, spleen, adrenal glands, thymus, and liver) and immune cels - the blood lymphocytes. Results were obtained on the role of free-radical oxidation in combination with exposure to ionizing radiation and immobilization stress at an early stage in the experiment. Gamma radiation in the acute period resulted in significant changes in lipoperoxidation and antioxidant systems. The first period of immobilization stress was marked by the imbalance of LPO-AOS systems disturbance with an accumulation of toxic compounds in tissues which had affected their function. The combined sublethal gamma radiation and immobilization stress disturbed the functional activity of adaptive systems of the body in the early stage of adaptation syndrome. Furthermore, the results show the dominant role of ionizing radiation in it.

Disorder of Endothelia Vessels' Functional State with Malignant Tumors in Patients Exposed Anthropogenic Radiation.

The aim of this research is to determine the characteristics of endothelial factors and the hemostatic system conditions with malignant neoplasms patients, which were exposed to ionizing radiation. Total number of examined people is 223, 153 of them are patients with gastrointestinal tract oncopathology. The article presents the results of the analysis of numerical indicators of endothelial condition and platelet hemostasis of patients, who had cancer. They lived in the regions of Kazakhstan, subjected to contamination of radionuclides as a result of nuclear weapons tests, which took place in this region from 1949 to 1989. These results then were compared to cancer patients and healthy individuals with no radiation risk. The study revealed the presence of higher levels of endothelial dysfunction and following trigger of the hemostatic system in patients with malignant tumors of the gastrointestinal tract. In particular, the defined high degree of endothelial dysfunction include endothelium- dependent vasodilation, content desquamated endothelial cells in peripheral blood and von Willebrand factor. These indicators have a clear correlation with the degree of disorder of studied parameters of the hemostasis, which can cause the development of thrombotic complications.