A Modified Pressure Dressing to Avoid Severe Bleeding After Circumcision With a Disposable Circumcision Suture Device and a Discussion on the Mechanism of Bleeding With the Disposable Circumcision Suture Device.

INTRODUCTION: A novel type of a disposable circumcision suture device (DCSD) has been proved to be effective and safe; however, a few cases of severe bleeding took place after circumcisions. AIM: To evaluate the effectiveness of a modified double-layer pressure dressing to avoid severe bleeding after circumcision with the DCSD, in our department in a prospective randomized controlled study, and discuss the mechanism of bleeding with DCSD. METHODS: Patients with redundant foreskin or phimosis were included between September 2018 and November 2019 and divided into 2 groups: In group A, the conventional pressure dressing was performed; in group B, an modified double-layer pressure dressing was performed. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: The main outcomes and complications (surgical time, incidence of glans ischemia, severe bleeding rate, infection rate, pain level, total cost, and overall satisfaction) were collected and analyzed. RESULTS: A total of 624 patients were recruited for this study. There was no difference in the average age and body mass index between 2 groups. No patient suffered obvious glans ischemia. In group B, lower pain level, lower incidences of severe bleeding, and better satisfaction were recorded. CONCLUSION: The mechanism of bleeding with the DCSD was discussed in this study, and the modified pressure dressing was proved effective, safe, and easy to perform. W Jiang, J-li Fu, W-l Guo, et al. A Modified Pressure Dressing to Avoid Severe Bleeding After Circumcision With a Disposable Circumcision Suture Device and a Discussion on the Mechanism of Bleeding With the Disposable Circumcision Suture Device. Sex Med 2021;9:100288.

Development of biocompatible and VEGF-targeted paclitaxel nanodrugs on albumin and graphene oxide dual-carrier for photothermal-triggered drug delivery in vitro and in vivo.

In this study, we performed the characterization and synthesis of biocompatible and targeted albumin and graphene oxide (GO) dual-carrier paclitaxel (PTX) nanoparticles for photothermal-triggered tumor therapy. PTX absorbed on GO nanosheets as cores were coated with human serum albumin (HSA), following surface conjugation with monoclonal antibodies (mAb) against vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF; denoted as mAbVEGF) via polyethylene glycol linker to form targeted nanoparticles (PTX-GHP-VEGF). The spherical nanoparticles were 191±5 nm in size with good stability and biocompatibility. GO functioned as the first carrier and a near infrared absorber that can generate photothermal effects under 5-minute 808-nm laser irradiation to thermal trigger the release of PTX from the second carrier HSA nanoparticles. The mechanism of thermal-triggered drug release was also investigated preliminarily, in which the heat generated by GO induced swelling of PTX-GHP-VEGF nanoparticles which released the drugs. In vitro studies found that PTX-GHP-VEGF can efficiently target human SW-13 adrenocortical carcinoma cells as evaluated by confocal fluorescence microscopy as well as transmission electron microscopy, and showed an obvious thermal-triggered antitumor effect, mediated by apoptosis. Moreover, PTX-GHP-VEGF combined with near infrared irradiation showed specific tumor suppression effects with high survival rate after 100 days of treatment. PTX-GHP-VEGF also demonstrated high biosafety with no adverse effects on normal tissues and organs. These results highlight the remarkable potential of PTX-GHP-VEGF in photothermal controllable tumor treatment.

Broadband high efficiency asymmetric transmission of achiral metamaterials.

Asymmetric transmission (AT) effect has attracted great interest in recent years, due to its potential application in integrated photonics from GHz to optical frequency. To realize AT effect, numerous metamaterials have been proposed, mainly based on the chirality of the structure. In this paper, we demonstrate that achiral metamaterials can also have AT effect. Furthermore, it is shown that modal conversion is more essential than chirality to achieve AT effect. In particular, we have proposed a mirror symmetric metamaterial with broadband high efficiency AT effect for circular polarization wave operating at THz region. With further optimization of the unit cell, >80% of the central frequency bandwidth and average 74.05 (maximum150) transmission ratio can be obtained. The idea demonstrated here can also be applied to other frequency regions.

Correlation study of chronic nonbacterial prostatitis with the levels of COX-2 and PGE2 in prostatic secretion.

OBJECTIVE: The prostatitis syndrome is a multifactorial condition of largely unknown etiology. This study is to analyze the relationship between cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) with the chronic nonbacterial prostatitis (CNBP). METHODS: A total of 172 CNBP patients and 151 healthy males were recruited as CNBP and control group, respectively. The prostatic fluid was collected and tested by pre- and post-massage test. White blood cell (WBC) number was counted, and the contents of COX-2 and PGE2 were determined by double antibody-based sandwich enzyme-linked immuno-sorbent assay. The pain and discomfort of each patient were scored according to the National Institutes of Health chronic prostatitis symptom index. RESULTS: Compared with the control group, CNBP group displayed significantly higher WBC count, COX-2 level, and PGE2 level. Contents of COX-2 and PGE2 in prostatic secretion of CNBP group were positively correlated with pain scores (r = 0.855 and 0.675, respectively, P < 0.01) and total symptom scores (r = 0.674 and 0.566, respectively, P < 0.01). A significantly positive correlation between COX-2 and PGE2 levels was also discovered (r = 0.493, P < 0.05). The WBC number was not obviously correlated with the accumulations of COX-2 and PGE2 or the clinic symptoms of CNBP. CONCLUSION: Increase in PGE2 concentration caused by activated COX-2 pathway may contribute to the pain or discomfort symptom of the CNBP patients. Our results indicate that selective COX-2 inhibitors have application prospect in CNBP treatment.

Cascade-pumped random lasers with coherent emission formed by Ag-Au porous nanowires.

A series of sequentially cascade-pumped random lasers is reported. It consists of three random lasers in which the Ag-Au bimetallic porous nanowires play the role of scatterers, and the gain materials are coumarin 440 (C440), coumarin 153 (C153), and rhodamine 6G (R6G), respectively. The random laser with C440 is first pumped by a 355 nm pulsed laser. The emission of C440 pumps the C153, and the emission of C153 pumps the R6G sequentially. Low-threshold coherent emissions from the three random lasers are observed. The cascade-pumped random lasers can be achieved easily with low cost and can be used in applications conveniently.

[Effect of varicocelectomy with hyperbaric oxygenation in treating infertile patients with varicocele].

OBJECTIVE: To explore the therapeutic effects of combination of varicocelectomy with hyperbaric oxygenation (HBO) in treating infertile patients with varicocele. METHODS: Ninety-six patients were randomly divided into two groups: 40 patients in group A treated by varicocelectomy with HBO, and 56 in group B treated by solitary varicocelectomy. RESULTS: The sperm density, sperm motility, sperm vigor, normality, serum testosterone, the pregnant rate of patients spouses were improved respectively in both two groups (P <0.01 or P < 0.05), and group A had better results than group B (P < 0.05). LH, FSH in group A decreased significantly after the therapy. Group A had higher sperm penetration asay (SPA) percentages than group B(P < 0.05), and the pregnant time of patient's spouses in group A was earlier than that in group B (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Varicocelectomy with HBO can more effectively regulate reproductive hormone, improve semen quality, SPA index and pregnant rate than solitary varicocelectomy in treating infertile patients with varicocele and can markedly shorten the pregnant time.