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1.
Pain Ther ; 10(1): 551-565, 2021 Jun.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33629263

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: Adding adjuvants to local wound infiltration (LWI) provides long analgesic duration with fewer adverse effects. We aimed to compare the clinical effects of nalbuphine and ketorolac as an adjuvant to LWI in patients undergoing open colorectal cancer surgery. METHOD: A total of 126 ASA I-III patients aged ≥ 18 years who were scheduled for open colorectal cancer surgery were included. Patients were randomly assigned to receive LWI using 10 mL 0.75% ropivacaine, with 20 mL normal saline (group R), 10 mg nalbuphine in 1 mL (group RN), or 25 mg ketorolac in 0.8 mL (group RK). Analgesia duration was the primary outcome. The total 48-h postoperative morphine-equivalent consumption and additional rescue analgesia rates were recorded as key secondary outcomes. RESULTS: Among 126 patients randomized, 124 completed the trial. The duration until the first press of the analgesia pump was significantly shorter in group R (median: 320.0 min) compared with group RN (median: 829.5 min) and group RK (median: 820.0 min) (P < 0.001). The median difference in morphine consumption was 113.0 mg for group R vs. group RN (P < 0.001), and 115.5 mg for group R vs. group RK (P < 0.001). The proportion of patients using additional morphine within the first day after surgery in group R showed a higher relative risk (RR) compared with group RN (RR, 3.89; P = 0.001) and group RK (RR, 3.17; P = 0.001). There were no apparent differences between the RN and RK groups in any outcomes, whether in adjusted or unadjusted analysis. CONCLUSIONS: Among patients undergoing open colorectal cancer surgery, both nalbuphine and ketorolac infiltration achieved equally prolonged duration of analgesia and reduced morphine consumption compared with ropivacaine alone after surgery, suggesting that the equivalent analgesic dose of nalbuphine and ketorolac as local anesthetic adjuvants in LWI could have a similar analgesic effect. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ChiCTR1800019209.

2.
Dev Comp Immunol ; 113: 103783, 2020 12.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32735962

RESUMO

Edwardsiella ictaluri (E. ictaluri) is one of the main bacterial pathogens in catfish which has caused serious economic loss to yellow catfish (Pelteobagrus fulvidraco) in China. In our previous work, we demonstrated that CypA was up-regulated at the early stage of E. ictaluri infection in yellow catfish and displayed strong chemotactic activity for leukocytes in vitro. However, the effect of CypA on E. ictaluri is unknown in vivo. Therefore, two homozygous transgenic zebrafish lines expressing yellow catfish CypA (TG-CypA-1 and TG-CypA-2) were generated. After challenged with E. ictaluri at a dose of 1.0 × 104 CFU per adult fish, both two transgenic lines exhibited a higher resistance to bacterial infection than the wildtype zebrafish. Herein, CypA gene in E. ictaluri-challenged yellow catfish was screened for presence of polymorphisms by sequencing and six single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were identified. SNP association analysis revealed that 528T/C SNP in the first intron was significantly different in disease-susceptible and -resistant groups, which was confirmed in two independent populations of yellow catfish. Moreover, the relative expression of CypA in the resistant group (CC genotype in 528T/C SNP) was significantly higher than that in the susceptible group (TT genotype in 528T/C SNP) in different immune organs of yellow catfish including spleen, head kidney, body kidney and liver. Our results reveal the potential function of CypA in host defense to bacterial infection and suggest the SNP marker in CypA gene associated with the resistance to E. ictaluri may facilitate the selective breeding of disease-resistant yellow catfish in the future.


Assuntos
Peixes-Gato/imunologia , Ciclofilina A/genética , Edwardsiella ictaluri/fisiologia , Infecções por Enterobacteriaceae/imunologia , Doenças dos Peixes/imunologia , Proteínas de Peixes/metabolismo , Leucócitos/imunologia , Animais , Animais Geneticamente Modificados , Peixes-Gato/genética , Quimiotaxia , Ciclofilina A/metabolismo , Resistência à Doença , Proteínas de Peixes/genética , Estudos de Associação Genética , Predisposição Genética para Doença , Polimorfismo de Nucleotídeo Único , Peixe-Zebra/genética
5.
Eur J Pharmacol ; 868: 172880, 2020 Feb 05.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31863767

RESUMO

Neuropathic pain is a severe disease caused by lesions or diseases in the somatosensory system. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are important in the development and maintenance of neuropathic pain. However, the precise role of lncRNAs in regulating neuropathic pain remains largely unknown. In this study, a rat model of bilateral chronic constriction injury (bCCI) was established, and microarray was applied to analyze differentially expressed lncRNAs among sham group, bCCI group and the experimental group (bCCI rats administrated with a specific STAT3 inhibitor WP1066). Linc00311 and lncRNA-AK141205 were uncharacterized lncRNAs both upregulated by > 2 folds in bCCI model compared with Sham group, and they were downregulated by > 2 folds following WP1066 administration compared with bCCI group. Downregulation of linc00311 and lncRNA-AK141205 by specific siRNAs significantly attenuated mechanical allodynia, thermal and cold hyperalgesia in bCCI rats. In addition, inhibition of linc00311 and lncRNA-AK141205 inactivated the signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) signaling in spinal microglia in vivo and in vitro. Inhibition of linc00311 and lncRNA-AK141205 could reduce activation of STAT3 and production of proinflammatory cytokines. Moreover, activating STAT3 with SD19 could antagonize the effect of the suppressive effect of siRNAs on production of proinflammatory cytokines. Hence, it is likely that silencing linc00311 and lncRNA-AK141205 may be a promising and novel treatment for neuropathic pain.


Assuntos
Neuralgia/imunologia , RNA Longo não Codificante/metabolismo , Fator de Transcrição STAT3/metabolismo , Transdução de Sinais/genética , Animais , Citocinas/metabolismo , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Regulação para Baixo , Perfilação da Expressão Gênica , Humanos , Mediadores da Inflamação/metabolismo , Masculino , Microglia/imunologia , Microglia/patologia , Neuralgia/tratamento farmacológico , Neuralgia/genética , Neuralgia/patologia , Análise de Sequência com Séries de Oligonucleotídeos , Piridinas/administração & dosagem , RNA Longo não Codificante/genética , RNA Interferente Pequeno/metabolismo , Ratos , Fator de Transcrição STAT3/antagonistas & inibidores , Transdução de Sinais/efeitos dos fármacos , Transdução de Sinais/imunologia , Medula Espinal/imunologia , Medula Espinal/patologia , Tirfostinas/administração & dosagem
6.
Int Wound J ; 16(5): 1206-1213, 2019 Oct.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31418529

RESUMO

To assess the efficacy and safety of dexmedetomidine (DEX) as an adjuvant to local wound infiltration anaesthesia in abdominal surgery, we conducted this meta-analysis. First, the systematic search strategy was performed on PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library and five randomised controlled trials (RCTs) involving 294 patients were included. Then, the outcome data were extracted from the studies and their effect sizes were calculated using Review Manager 5. As a result, the addition of DEX significantly reduced visual analogy scores at 6 hours after surgery (mean difference = -0.53[-0.82, -0.25], P < .001), 12 hours after surgery (mean difference = -0.39 [-0.73, -0.05]; P = .03), and 24 hours after surgery (mean difference = -0.20 [-0.29, -0.11], P < .001) and reduced total analgesic consumption within 24 hours after surgery (mean difference = -4.92 [-9.00, -0.84]; P = .02) compared with placebo groups. However, there was no difference in the incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting (risk ratio = 0.68 [0.41, 1.14]; P = .14). In summary, DEX as a local anaesthetic adjuvant added for local wound infiltration anaesthesia in abdominal surgery could reduce visual analogy scores and postoperative analgesic consumption without changing incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting.


Assuntos
Abdome/cirurgia , Dexmedetomidina/administração & dosagem , Laparotomia/métodos , Medição da Dor , Dor Pós-Operatória/prevenção & controle , Anestésicos Locais , Feminino , Humanos , Laparotomia/efeitos adversos , Masculino , Satisfação do Paciente/estatística & dados numéricos , Prognóstico , Ensaios Clínicos Controlados Aleatórios como Assunto , Medição de Risco
8.
Exp Ther Med ; 17(3): 1771-1775, 2019 Mar.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30783448

RESUMO

Effect of PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway on the expression of JNK3 in Parkinsonian rats was investigated. A total of 200 rats were used for Parkinson's disease (PD) modeling and 180 models were successfully established. Rats were randomly divided into four groups including A, B, C, and D, 45 in each group. Group A was control group and no inhibitor was given. Group B was given PI3K inhibitor LY294002. Group C was given rapamycin inhibitor rapamycin; and group D was given inhibitor LY294002 and inhibitor rapamycin. JNK3 mRNA expression was detected by RT-qPCR and expression of p-mTOR protein and JNK3 protein was detected by western blot analysis. Expression level of JNK3 mRNA and protein in groups C and D was significantly lower than that in group B (P<0.01). Expression level of JNK3 mRNA and protein in group D was significantly lower than that in group C (P<0.01). Relative expression level of p-mTOR protein in groups C and D was significantly lower than that in group B (P<0.01). Relative expression level of JNK3 protein in group D was significantly lower than that in group C (P<0.01). Pearson's correlation analysis showed that expression of JNK3 mRNA was positively correlated with the expression of JNK3 protein and Pearson's correlation coefficient was 0.98 (P<0.01). There was also a positive correlation between the expression of JNK3 mRNA and the expression of p-mTOR protein and Pearson's correlation coefficient was 0.95 (P<0.01). Expression of JNK3 protein was positively correlated with the expression of p-mTOR protein, and the Pearson's correlation coefficient was 0.93 (P<0.01). Inhibition of PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway is negatively correlated with the expression of JNK3. Inhibition of PI3K-Akt-mTOR signaling pathway leads to a decrease in the expression of JNK3, which protects dopaminergic neurons and improves PD.

9.
IEEE Trans Image Process ; 24(11): 4225-39, 2015 Nov.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26241975

RESUMO

This paper proposes an efficient adaptive binary arithmetic coder based on a logarithmic domain (LBAC) and a probability estimation based on the LBAC (P-LBAC). Both the LBAC and the P-LBAC achieve a high data-compression ratio with low complexity and a hardware-efficient structure. They introduce a mapping mechanism between the logarithmic domain and the original domain for both the coding process and the probability estimation. The proposed schemes have high accuracy and constitute an efficient BAC. The proposed LBAC and P-LBAC do not use either multiplication and division operations or lookup tables, and only addition and shifting operations are required. The proposed LBAC is designed to favor the coding of multiple symbols and has high throughput. The proposed P-LBAC achieves a good tradeoff between accuracy and speed in probability estimation through a single parameter. When the proposed algorithms are implemented on H.265/HEVC platforms, and they achieve a compression efficiency equivalent to that of CABAC.

10.
Mediators Inflamm ; 2014: 708608, 2014.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25580060

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Noncystic fibrosis bronchiectasis (NCFB) is characterized by airway expansion and recurrent acute exacerbations. Macrolide has been shown to exhibit anti-inflammatory effects in some chronic airway diseases. OBJECTIVE: To assess the efficacy of roxithromycin on airway inflammation and remodeling in patients with NCFB under steady state. METHODS: The study involved an open-label design in 52 eligible Chinese patients with NCFB, who were assigned to control (receiving no treatment) and roxithromycin (receiving 150 mg/day for 6 months) groups. At baseline and 6 months, the inflammatory markers such as interleukin- (IL-)8, neutrophil elastase (NE), matrix metalloproteinase- (MMP)9, hyaluronidase (HA), and type IV collagen in sputum were measured, along with the detection of dilated bronchus by throat computed tomography scan, and assessed the exacerbation. RESULTS: Forty-three patients completed the study. The neutrophil in the sputum was decreased in roxithromycin group compared with control (P < 0.05). IL-8, NE, MMP-9, HA, and type IV collagen in sputum were also decreased in roxithromycin group compared with the control group (all P < 0.01). Airway thickness of dilated bronchus and exacerbation were reduced in roxithromycin group compared with the control (all P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Roxithromycin can reduce airway inflammation and airway thickness of dilated bronchus in patients with NCFB.


Assuntos
Antibacterianos/farmacologia , Inflamação/metabolismo , Roxitromicina/farmacologia , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Antibacterianos/química , Brônquios/metabolismo , Colágeno Tipo IV/metabolismo , Feminino , Humanos , Hialuronoglucosaminidase/metabolismo , Inflamação/tratamento farmacológico , Interleucina-8/metabolismo , Elastase de Leucócito/metabolismo , Masculino , Metaloproteinase 9 da Matriz/metabolismo , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Neutrófilos/metabolismo , Qualidade de Vida , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios X , Adulto Jovem
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