Effects of Anticholinergic Drugs on Visual Acuity of Patients with Tracheal Intubation under General Anesthesia.

Background: General anesthesia (GA) is the core means of surgical intervention, mainly used for analgesia and anxiety relief. Therefore, it is necessary to understand the laboratory and clinical research results during induction of GA. Penehyclidine hydrochloride (PHCD) combined with atropine sulfate (Atr) has the potential to induce GA. However, the role of PHCD combined with Atr during tracheal intubation under GA remains unclear. Objective: The research is aimed at exploring the effects of preoperative PHCD or Atr on adverse reactions (ARs) in patients during tracheal intubation under general anesthesia (GA). Methods: This study retrospectively enrolled 473 patients who underwent surgery under GA induction and divided them into a research group (n = 234) and a control group (n = 239) according to preoperative use of PHCD (with or without). Both groups of patients were given Atr postoperatively and nursing intervention. Anesthesia-related indexes, ARs, and hemodynamics were observed and compared between the two groups. Results: There were no significant differences in anesthesia-related indexes and hemodynamics between the research group and the control group. The incidence of blurred vision and diplopia in the research group was higher than that in the control group. Conclusion: Preoperative PHCD combined with postoperative Atr should be avoided in clinical practice, or Atr rather than PHCD should be used preoperatively, so as to reduce the occurrence of blurred vision, diplopia, and other ARs.

High-density lipoprotein cholesterol as a factor affecting virus clearance in covid-19 patients.

OBJECTIVE: There were COVID-19 patients with SARS-COV-2 nucleic acid long-term positive. This article aims to understand the relevant factors that affect SARS-COV-2 clearance time. METHODS: The clinical data of 115 COVID-19 patients with SARS-COV-2 nucleic acid positive time exceeding 14 days were collected retrospectively, and the relationship between clinical characteristics, chest CT scans, blood cells, biochemical indicators, and the time of viral nucleic acid turning negative were analyzed. RESULTS: The time from symptom onsets to nucleic acid turning negative was (32.5 ± 8.7) days in this group of patients. The time of nucleic acid turning negative: no fever group was longer than fever group, diabetes group was longer than no comorbidity group, elevated levels of ALT (alanine aminotransferase), or GLU (fasting blood glucose) group, decreased levels of ALB (albumin) group or HDLC (high-density lipoprotein cholesterol) group was longer than it's normal group separately (P < 0.05). Cox multivariate regression analysis showed that ALT [odds ratio (OR): 2.164 (95% CI: 1.276-3.670), P = 0.004], GLU [OR: 2.064 (95% CI: 1.195-3.566), P = 0.009] and HDLC [OR: 0.527 (95% CI: 0.307-0.907), P = 0.021] were independent factors which affected the time of nucleic acid turning negative. CONCLUSIONS: ALT, GLU and HDLC were independent factors that influenced the time of nucleic acid turning negative. Although diabetes or hyperglycemia is a known risk factor, HDLC is the first to be identified, clinicians should be aware of dyslipidemia in covid-19 patients.

Two-dimensional nickel hydroxide/sulfides nanosheet as an efficient cocatalyst for photocatalytic H2 evolution over CdS nanospheres.

The intriguing features of two-dimensional (2D) materials such as better charge carrier separation and abundant surface reaction sites endow them with potential applications as cocatalysts in photocatalysis. In this paper, a ternary 2D nickel hydroxide/sulfides nanosheet composed of Ni(OH)2, Ni3S2 and NixS6 was loaded on CdS nanospheres by a simple chemical deposition route. The composition of nickel hydroxide/sulfides was determined clearly through an overall analysis using X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Mott-Schottky, electrochemical impedance, steady-state and time-resolved photoluminescence spectroscopy were used to investigate the charge transfer process in CdS and Ni(OH)2/Ni3S2/NixS6-CdS. The results confirm that a synergistic effect of Ni(OH)2/Ni3S2/NixS6 on CdS has occurred under light irradiation, where the Ni(OH)2 and nickel sulfides act as hole storage and surface reaction sites, respectively, to promote the charge transfer on CdS. The improved charge transfer and separation efficiency as well as the increased surface reaction sites in Ni(OH)2/Ni3S2/NixS6-CdS finally result in a dramatically improved photocatalytic performance. The photocatalytic H2 evolution rate of Ni(OH)2/Ni3S2/NixS6-CdS is ca. 46 times higher than that of CdS, and the photocatalytic stability of CdS is also improved substantially under visible light irradiation.

Synthesis of oxazoles from enamides via phenyliodine diacetate-mediated intramolecular oxidative cyclization.

A group of functionalized oxazoles were synthesized in moderate to good yields from enamides via phenyliodine diacetate (PIDA)-mediated intramolecular cyclization. The main advantageous features of the present method include its broad substrate scope and the heavy-metal-free characteristic of the oxidative carbon-oxygen bond formation process.

A novel mesoporous lignin/silica hybrid from rice husk produced by a sol-gel method.

A novel mesoporous lignin/silica hybrid prepared from rice husks at different pH values was produced in situ using the sol-gel process. The optimum conditions for hybrid formation were 90 degrees C and pH 3 for 6h in the presence of 2 mol L(-1) H(2)SO(4). The lignin/silica ratio reached 2:3 (41.67% lignin, 58.33% silica). The hybrid with various pore structures was spherical with diameters of approximately 60 nm and a specific surface of 471.7 m(2)/g. Such lignin/silica hybrid material originating from rice husks can potentially be used to decontaminate environmental objects.

Novel polarization-sensitive micropulse lidar measurement technique.

Polarization-sensitive detection of elastic backscattered light is useful for detection of cloud phase and depolarizing aerosols. The U.S. Department of Energy's Atmospheric Radiation Measurement Program has deployed micropulse lidar (MPL) for over a decade, but without polarized detection. Adding an actively-controlled liquid crystal retarder provides the capability to identify depolarizing particles by alternately transmitting linearly and circularly polarized light. This represents a departure from established techniques, which transmit exclusively linear polarization or exclusively circular polarization. Mueller matrix calculations yield simple relationships between the well-known linear depolarization ratio delta(linear), the circular depolarization ratio delta(circ), and this MPL depolarization ratio delta(MPL).

Fiber-optic localization by geometric space coding with a two-dimensional gray code.

With the objective of monitoring motion within a room, we segment the two-dimensional (2D) floor space into discrete cells and encode each cell with a binary code word generated by a fiber. We design a set of k-neighbor-local codes to localize an extended object and, particularly when k = 2, employ a 2D gray code to localize a human by tracking his or her footsteps. Methods for implementing the codes in a fiber web are discussed, and we demonstrate the experimental result with the fiber mat. The observed system performance confirms the theoretical analysis. The space coding technique is a promising low-cost candidate not only for human tracking but also for other applications such as human gait analysis.