Endoscopic botulinum toxin injection combined with balloon dilatation for treatment of cricopharyngeal achalasia in patient with brainstem stroke. / æ¶ˆåŒ–å† é•œå¼•å¯¼ä¸‹è‚‰æ¯’æ¯’ç´ æ³¨å°„è”åˆçƒå›Šæ‰©å¼ æ²»ç–—è„‘å¹²æ¢—æ­»åŽçŽ¯å’½è‚Œå¤±å¼›ç¼“çš„æ•ˆæžœ.

OBJECTIVES: At present, there are many reports about the treatment of cricopharyngeal achalasia by injecting botulinum toxin type A (BTX-A) into cricopharyngeal muscle guided by ultrasound, electromyography or CT in China, but there is no report about injecting BTX-A into cricopharyngeal muscle guided by endoscope. This study aims to evaluate the efficacy of endoscopic BTX-A injection combined with balloon dilatation in the treatment of cricopharyngeal achalasia after brainstem stroke, and to provide a better method for the treatment of dysphagia after brainstem stroke. METHODS: From June to December 2022, 30 patients with cricopharyngeal achalasia due to brainstem stroke were selected from the Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, the First Hospital of Changsha. They were randomly assigned into a control group and a combined group, 15 patients in each group. Patients in both groups were treated with routine rehabilitation therapy, while patients in the control group were treated with balloon dilatation, and patients in the combined group were treated with balloon dilatation and BTX-A injection. Before treatment and after 2 weeks of treatment, the patients were examined by video fluoroscopic swallowing study, Penetration-aspiration Scale (PAS), Dysphagia Outcome Severity Scale (DOSS), and Functional Oral Intake Scale (FOIS) were used to assess the swallowing function. RESULTS: In the combined group, 1 patient withdrew from the treatment because of personal reasons. Two weeks after treatment, the scores of DOSS, PAS, and FOIS in both groups were better than those before treatment (all P<0.01), and the combined group was better than the control group (all P<0.001). The effective rate was 85.7% in the combined group and 66.7% in the control group, with no significant difference between the 2 groups (P>0.05). CONCLUSIONS: BTX-A injection combined with balloon dilatation is more effective than balloon dilatation alone in improving swallowing function and is worthy of clinical application.

Research progress on ferroptosis in the treatment of oral cancer / 口腔疾病防治

@#Ferroptosis is a newly discovered method of programmed cell death. Current studies have shown that activation of ferroptosis-related pathways can inhibit the growth and proliferation of tumor cells and reverse their drug resistance. Oral cancer is a common malignant tumor with a high recurrence rate and high drug resistance. Inducing ferroptosis is a potential treatment strategy. There are still many uncertainties in the application of ferroptosis in the treatment of oral cancer, which need to be further explored. This article systematically introduces the mechanism of ferroptosis and its recent progress in oral cancer treatment to provide new mechanisms and methods for the clinical treatment of oral cancer. Current research shows that the mechanism of ferroptosis is mainly related to amino acid metabolism, Fe2+ metabolism, and lipid metabolism. Ferroptosis in oral cancer cells can reverse drug resistance in cancer cells and improve the activity of immune cells. New drugs, such as curcumin analogs and triptolide, can induce ferroptosis in oral cancer, and the development of nanomaterials has improved the utilization rate of drugs. Inhibiting the expression of the ferroptosis-related factors SLC7A11, NF-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), and ferritin heavy chain 1 (FTH1) can promote ferroptosis in oral cancer cells. It is a potential target for the clinical treatment of oral cancer, but its translation into clinical practice still needs further research.

Peptidome Analysis of Pancreatic Tissue Derived from T1DM Mice: Insights into the Pathogenesis and Clinical Treatments of T1DM.

Bioactive peptides attract growing concerns for their participation in multiple biological processes. Their roles in the pathogenesis of type 1 diabetes mellitus remain poorly understood. In this study, we used LC-MS/MS technology to compare the peptide profiling between pancreatic tissue of T1DM mice and pancreatic tissue of matched control groups. A total of 106 peptides were differentially expressed in T1DM pancreatic tissue, including 43 upregulated and 63 downregulated peptides. Most of the precursor proteins are insulin. Further bioinformatics analysis (GO and pathway analysis) indicated that the potential functions of these differential peptides were tightly related to regulation of endoplasmic reticulum stress. In conclusion, this study highlights new candidate peptides and provides a new perspective for exploring T1DM pathogenesis and clinical treatments.

Expression of Bex1 and NF-kBp65 in tongue squamous cell carcinoma and its significance / 口腔疾病防治

Objective @#To investigate the expression of brain expressed X-linked gene 1(Bex1) and nuclear factor-kBp65 (NF-kBp65) in tongue squamous cell carcinoma, and its significance.@*Methods@# Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expression of Bex1 and NF-kBp65 in 60 tongue squamous cell carcinoma (TSCC) tissues and adjacent normal tissues, and the relationships between Bex1, NF-kBp65 and the clinicopathological features and prognosis of patients were analyzed.@*Results @#The positive expression rate of Bex1 in TSCC was 48.3% (29/60), which was significantly lower than that in adjacent normal tissues 88.3% (53/60) (x2=22.18, P < 0.01). The positive rate of Bex1 was negatively correlated with TNM stage, and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). The positive rate of 63.3% (38/60) in TSCC was significantly higher than 20% (12/60) in adjacent normal tissues (x2=23.18, P < 0.01), the positive rate of NF-kBp65 was positively correlated with TNM stage, and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). According to the Pearson correlation analysis results, the expression of Bex1 and NF-kBp65 in TSCC tissues was negatively correlated (r=-0.302, P=0.019). Kaplan-Meier survival curves showed that the survival rate of Bex1 positive patients was significantly higher than that of Bex1 negative patients.@*Conclusion @#In TSCC tissues, the low positive expression rate of Bex1 and the high positive expression rate of NF-kBp65 may promote tumor invasion and metastasis, and the negative expression of Bex1 may be related to the poor prognosis of patients.

Synthesis of selenazolopyridine derivatives with capability to induce apoptosis in human breast carcinoma MCF-7 cells through scavenge of intracellular ROS.

A series of selenazolopyridine derivatives have been synthesized and characterized by X-ray diffraction, high resolution NMR and Mass spectrum. The in vitro anticancer activities of the synthetic compounds were screened against a panel of human cancer cell lines, human breast carcinoma MCF-7 cells, human liver carcinoma HepG2 cells and L02 normal cell line by MTT assay. By analyzing the structure-activity relationship among the synthetic compounds, it was found that 2-(phenylamino) selenazolo [5,4-b] pyridine, (PSeD, 7) had higher growth inhibitory effect on MCF-7 cells. The intracellular mechanism of cell death was evaluated by flow cytometric analysis and ROS assay, which revealed that PSeD could induce MCF-7 cells apoptosis by scavenging intracellular ROS. Taken together, we regard PSeD as an antioxidant which could inhibit cancer cell growth through induction of apoptosis.

Characterization of phenolic constituents inhibiting the formation of sulfur-containing volatiles produced during garlic processing.

Garlic (Allium sativum L.), which is a widely distributed plant, is globally used as both spice and food. This study identified five novel phenolic compounds, namely, 8-(3-methyl-(E)-1-butenyl)diosmetin, 8-(3-methyl-(E)-1-butenyl)chrysin, 6-(3-methyl-(E)-1-butenyl)chrysin, and Alliumones A and B, along with nine known compounds 6-14 from the ethanol extract of garlic. The structures of these five novel phenolic compounds were established via extensive 1D- and 2D-nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy experiments. The effects of the phenolic compounds isolated from garlic on the enzymatical or nonenzymatical formation of sulfur-containing compounds produced during garlic processing were examined. Compound 12 significantly reduced the thermal decomposition of alliin, whereas compound 4 exhibited the highest percentage of alliinase inhibition activity (36.6%).

A new dipeptide isolated from the bulb of garlic.

(R)-3-(allylthio)-2-((R)-3-(allylthio)-2-aminopropanamido)propanoic acid was isolated from the bulb of garlic, together with four known amino acids. Its structure was elucidated on the basis of 2D NMR and MS techniques. To the best of our knowledge, (R)-3-(allylthio)-2-((R)-3-(allylthio)-2-aminopropanamido)propanoic acid, which showed antibacterial activity against the Staphylococcus aureus antibiotic resistant strain, was the first example of dipeptide from garlic.

N-p-Tolyl-1,3-selenazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-2-amine.

In the title compound, C13H11N3Se, the dihedral angle between the mean plane of the fused seleno-azolo-pyridine ring system and the p-toluidine ring is 14.260 (5)°. In the crystal, mol-ecules are linked by N-H⋯N hydrogen bonds, forming zigzag chains extending along the b-axis direction.

1,2-Bis(4-methyl-benz-yl)diselane.

The title mol-ecule, C(16)H(18)Se(2), features a diselenide bridge between two 4-methyl-benzyl units, in which the central C-Se-Se-C torsion angle is 88.1 (3)°, while the two Se-Se-C-C fragments assume gauche conformations, with torsion angles of -51.8 (5) and 59.1 (4)°. The dihedral angle between the benzene rings is 78.9 (2)°.

Bis(2,6-dichloro-benz-yl)selane.

The title mol-ecule, C(14)H(10)Cl(4)Se, features a selenide bridge between two dichloro-benzyl units. The dihedral angle between the two benzene rings is 107.9 (16)°. In the crystal, weak π-π face-to-face aromatic inter-actions are observed [centroid-centroid distance between two adjacent (but crystallographically different) phenyl rings = 3.885 (5) Å], providing some packing stability. Short Cl⋯Cl contacts of 3.41 (2) Šare observed.

1-{2-[(2-hydroxybenzylidene)-amino]-ethyl}-3-methyl-3H-imidazolium hexafluorophosphate.

The title Schiff base compound, C(13)H(16)N(3)O(+)·PF(6) (-), was derived from the condensation of 2-hydroxy-benaldehyde with the ionic liquid 1-(2-amino-ethyl)-3-methyl-imidazolium hexa-fluoro-phosphate in an ethanol solution. The asymmetric unit comprises one cation and two PF(6) (-) anions. The dihedral angle between the aromatic and imidazole rings is 15.2 (2)°. An intra-molecular O-H⋯N hydrogen bond is found which generates an S(6) ring motif.

[Effects of Xuanyinning Recipe on invasion of SPC-A-1 cells and pathomorphological changes of peritoneum in mice inoculated with sarcoma 180].

OBJECTIVE: To observe the effects of Xuanyinning Recipe (XYNR) in inhibiting SPC-A-1 cellular infiltration and on the pathomorphological changes of peritoneum in mice inoculated with sarcoma 180 (S(180)). METHODS: On the bases of isolated culture of mouse peritoneal mesothelial cells, we adjusted and added the human lung adenocarcinoma cell line SPC-A-1 into the double-layer culture medium to observe the number of clones formed. We also took out the peritoneum from the mice administered with three different dosages of XYNR and observed its pathomorphological changes with transmission electron microscope. RESULTS: In the in vitro experiment, the number of clones of SPC-A-1 in culture medium with XYNR (50 microg/ml) decreased distinctly. In the in vivo experiment, it was observed that, in the peritoneum from the XYNR-treated mice inoculated with S(180), the mesothelial cells arranged more and more regularly with the increasing of the dosage of XYNR, while the mesothelial cells in the peritoneum of the mice in the control group necrosed and arranged loosely. CONCLUSION: XYNR can inhibit the invasion of SPC-A-1 cells. It also can improve the loose arrangement of the peritoneal mesothelial cells in mice inoculated with S(180), so as to inhibit the malignant effusion.