RESUMO
Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) based on SnO2 electron transport layers have attracted extensive research due to their compelling photovoltaic performance. Herein, we presented an in situ passivation of SnO2 with low-cost hydroxyacid potassium synergist during deposition to optimize the interface carrier extraction and transport for high power conversion efficiency (PCE) and stabilities of PSCs. The orbital overlap of the carboxyl oxygen with the Sn atom alongwith the homogenous nano-particle deposition effectively suppresses the interfacial defects and releases the internal residual strains in the perovskite. Accordingly, a PCE of 24.91 % with a fill factor (FF) up to 0.852 is obtained for in situ passivated devices, which is one of the highest values for SnO2 -based PSCs. Moreover, the unencapsulated device maintained 80 % of its initial PCE at 80 °C over 600â h, 100 % PCE at ambient conditions for 1300â h, and 98 % after one week maximum power point tracking (MPPT) under continuous AM1.5G illumination.
Assuntos
Hidroxiácidos , Estanho , Óxidos , PotássioRESUMO
Cutaneous basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is a common subtype of malignant skin tumor with low invasiveness. Early diagnosis and treatment of BCC and the identification of specific biomarkers are particularly urgent. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been shown to be associated with the development of various tumors, including BCC. The present study conducted a comparative analysis of the differential expression of lncRNAs and mRNAs through wholegenome technology. Microarray analyses were used to identify differentially expressed (DE) lncRNAs and DE mRNAs. Reverse transcriptionquantitative (RTq) PCR confirmed the differential expression of 10 lncRNAs in BCC. Subsequently, a lncRNAmRNA coexpression network was constructed using the top 10 DE lncRNAs. Finally, Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analyses were performed to investigate the possible biological effects of the identified mRNAs and to speculate on the possible biological effects of the lncRNAs. A total of 1,838 DE lncRNAs and 2,010 DE mRNAs were identified and 10 of the DE lncRNAs were confirmed by RTqPCR. A lncRNAmRNA coexpression network comprising 166 specific coexpressed lncRNAs and mRNAs was constructed using the top 10 DE lncRNAs. According to the results of the GO and KEGG analyses, lncRNA XR_428612.1 may serve an important role in mitochondrial dysfunction and the progression of BCC by modulating TICAM1, USMG5, COX7A2, FBXO10, ATP5E and TIMM8B. The present study provided wholegenome identification and a systematic analysis of lncRNAmRNA coexpression profiles in BCC.