RESUMO
OBJECTIVES: To explore the possibility of using human skin and oral microorganisms to estimate the geographic origin of an individual through the sequencing analysis of bacterial 16S rRNA gene. METHODS: Microbial DNA was extracted from the palm and oral microorganisms of the Han population in Shanghai and Chifeng, Inner Mongolia, and the composition and diversity of the microbiota were analyzed by full-length 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Then, differential species were screened and a geographic location prediction model was constructed. RESULTS: The compositions of palm and oral microorganisms between Shanghai and Chifeng samples were both different. The abundance and uniformity of palm side skin microorganisms were higher in Chifeng samples than in Shanghai samples, while there was no significant difference in oral microorganisms. Permutational multivariate analysis of variance (PERMANOVA) confirmed that the ß-diversity between the samples from the two places were statistically significant, and the coefficients of determination (R2) for skin and oral samples were 0.129 and 0.102, respectively. Through principal co-ordinates analysis (PCoA), the samples from the two places could be preliminarily distinguished. The predictive model had the accuracies of 0.90 and 0.83 for the geographic origin using the skin and oral samples, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: There are differences in the compositions of palm and oral microbiota between Han populations in Shanghai and Chifeng. The prediction model constructed by the random forest algorithm can trace the unknown individuals from the above two places.
Assuntos
Microbiota , Boca , Pele , Humanos , China , DNA Bacteriano/genética , Microbiota/genética , RNA Ribossômico 16S/genética , Pele/microbiologia , Genética Forense , Sequenciamento de Nucleotídeos em Larga Escala , Boca/microbiologiaRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To study the forensic application of Goldeneye DNA ID 26Y Kit in the She nationality. METHODS: Through capillary electrophoresis, the genotype of 26 Y-STR loci were analyzed in 53 unrelated male individuals from Fujian She nationality. The population genetics parameters such as allele frequency and haplotype diversity were calculated. The comparisons among the She nationality and the other nationalities were analyzed. RESULTS: A total of 126 alleles were observed on the 26 Y-STR loci of 53 unrelated male individuals. The allele frequencies and GD value ranged from 0.010 1 to 0.886 8 and 0.211 2 to 0.846 2, respectively. The GD value was greater than 0.5 in the 19 loci. A total of 47 haplotypes were observed. Based on R(ST), multidimensional scaling plot indicated that the genetic relationship among Fujian She nationality and Minnan Han nationality was closest, followed by Southern China Han nationality and Northern China nationality. CONCLUSION: Goldeneye™ DNA ID 26Y Kit including 26 Y-STR loci has good polymorphism in the She nationality. As an additional system, it has forensic application value in some special cases.
Assuntos
Povo Asiático/genética , Cromossomos Humanos Y/genética , Genética Forense , Polimorfismo Genético , Povo Asiático/etnologia , China , Etnicidade/genética , Marcadores Genéticos , Genética Populacional , Humanos , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase , Grupos PopulacionaisRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To assess the patterns of linkage disequilibrium (LD) of 16 STR loci on X chromo- some and investigate the genetic stability. METHODS: Genomic DNA samples extracted from blood stains from 500 unrelated individuals and 885 lineage members from Eastern Chinese Han population were genotyped through multiplex amplification using IDtyperX-16 kit by our independent research followed by capillary electrophoresis. LD was assessed by PowerMarker v3.25 software and mutation rate of every locus was analyzed. RESULTS: LD were not found at the 16 X-STR loci. Allele mutations were observed at 10 loci. Among them, mutation rates of DXS6809 and DXS7132 were both up to 0.0048. CONCLUSION: When the 16 X-STR loci included in IDtyperX-16 kit were used for parentage testing, product princi- ples can be applied to calculate the likelihood, but mutation should be taken into consideration in the case that the genotypes do not meet the genetic law (especially at DXS6809 and DXS7132).
Assuntos
Povo Asiático/genética , Cromossomos Humanos X/genética , Repetições de Microssatélites/genética , Taxa de Mutação , Alelos , Manchas de Sangue , China , Eletroforese Capilar , Feminino , Genética Forense/métodos , Frequência do Gene , Loci Gênicos/genética , Genótipo , Humanos , Desequilíbrio de Ligação/genética , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase Multiplex , MutaçãoRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the forensic application value of 30 insertion/deletion (InDel) loci included in Investigator DIPplex Kit in Han and She nationalities of Eastern China. METHODS: A total of 565 unrelated individuals in Han nationality and 119 ones in She nationality of Eastern China were investigated using Investigator DIPplex Kit. Allele frequencies, population genetics parameters of the 30 InDel loci were statistically calculated. RESULTS: In Han nationality, the mean Ho was 0.413 3, the mean DP was 0.551 1, the mean PIC was 0.320 0. And in She nationality, the mean Ho was 0.389 6, the mean DP was 0.543 3, the mean PIC was 0.310 0. No deviation from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium was observed in Han and She nationalities (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION: The 30 loci in Investigator DIPplex Kit show good genetic diversity in Han and She nationalities, and could be used as a supplemental tool for some special paternity cases.
Assuntos
Povo Asiático/genética , Etnicidade/genética , Genética Populacional , Mutação INDEL/genética , China , Feminino , Genética Forense , Frequência do Gene , Variação Genética , Humanos , Polimorfismo GenéticoRESUMO
As forensic DNA typing experienced three generations of genetic marker researching stage, short tandem repeat (STR) has been widely used in forensic identification as a mature tool. Further exploration of the human genome led to the discovery of polymorphism markers of single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) and Insertion/Deletion (InDel). InDel, which combines the desirable characteristics of previous genetic markers as a new type of genetic marker, has got extensive concern in fields like medical molecular biology and forensic biology. This paper generally reviews the history of research and the corresponding results of InDel along the line of time axis as well as the different aims of these research focusing on the progress in the multiple amplification system with several InDel as the genetic marker (autosomal or X chromosome) in forensic biology and anthropology. Finally, the direction of research in this field and the problems to be solved have been put forward.
Assuntos
Impressões Digitais de DNA/métodos , Genética Forense/métodos , Marcadores Genéticos , Mutação INDEL/genética , Polimorfismo Genético , Cromossomos Humanos X/genética , DNA/análise , DNA/genética , Genética Populacional , Genótipo , Humanos , Repetições de Microssatélites , Polimorfismo de Nucleotídeo Único , Estudos RetrospectivosRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the genetic data of the 12 X-STR included in Investigator Argus X-12 kit and to evaluate the forensic application in Han population from East China. 9: By detecting 309 unrelated individuals with Investigator Argus X-12 kit, allele frequencies, population genetics parameters and the information of linkage disequilibrium of the 12 X-STR were analyzed by statistics and were compared with available data of other Han populations from different regions. RESULTS: No deviations from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium were detected. Except loci of DXS10103 and DXS10101 linked closely, all other loci were independent while HET exceed 0.5 and PIC all above 0.4. Distributions of allele frequencies of all loci were not significant statistically except for locus of DXS10146 in Han population from Guangdong. CONCLUSION: Loci of Investigator Argus X-12 kit were highly polymorphic in Han population from East China, which is suitable for forensic application in paternity testing and individual identification.