Bioaugmentation of chlorothalonil-contaminated soil with hydrolytically or reductively dehalogenating strain and its effect on soil microbial community.

Although bioaugmentation of pollutant-contaminated sites is a great concern, there are few reports on the relationships among indigenous microbial consortia, exogenous inocula, and pollutants in a bioaugmentation process. In this study, bioaugmentation with Pseudochrobactrum sp. BSQ1 and Massilia sp. BLM18, which can hydrolytically and reductively dehalogenate chlorothalonil (TPN), respectively, was studied for its ability to remove TPN from soil; the alteration of the soil microbial community during the bioaugmentation process was investigated. The results showed that TPN (50 mg/kg) was completely removed in both bioaugmentation treatments within 35 days with half-lives of 6.8 and 9.8 days for strains BSQ1 and BLM18 respectively. In high concentration of TPN-treated soils (100 mg/kg), the bioaugmentation with strains BSQ1 and BLM18 respectively reduced 76.7% and 62.0% of TPN within 35 days. The TPN treatment significantly decreased bacterial richness and diversity and improved the growth of bacteria related to the elimination of chlorinated organic pollutants. However, little influence on soil microbial community was observed for each inoculation treatment (without TPN treatment), showing that TPN treatment is the main force for the shift in indigenous consortia. This study provides insights into the effects of halogenated fungicide application and bioaugmentation on indigenous soil microbiomes.

[Evaluation on effect of treatment and assistance to advanced schistosomiasis patients in Qianjiang City].

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the implementation and effect of the program of treatment and assistance to advanced schistosomiasis patients in Qianjiang City. METHODS: The data about the program from 2004 to 2012 were collected and analyzed, and the analysis of cost-effectiveness was performed. Meanwhile, 160 patients were sampled and surveyed about the recovery of their health. RESULTS: From 2004 to 2012, totally 2 363 person-times' patients received the treatment, and 339 patients were cured clinically. On average, each patient received 3.11 times of treatment and 22.28 d of hospitalization, the treatment cost was 5,382.87 yuan per year for each patient, and the cost-effectiveness was 12.7 thousand yuan per life-year-saved. CONCLUSION: The program of treatment and assistance to advanced schistosomiasis patients cures a part of patients and improves the working capacity and life quality of the patients.

[Dynamic analysis of treatment of advanced schistosomiasis in Qianjiang City].

OBJECTIVE: To understand the dynamics of the treatment and outcomes of advanced schistosomiasis patients in Qianjiang City, so as to provide the evidence for improving the future work. METHODS: All advanced schistosomiasis patients were investigated in Qianjiang City during the period of 2009-2013. RESULTS: Totally 1 284 person-times of advanced schistosomiasis patients received the treatment. The rate of clinical improved was 89.88%, and 82 patients were cured. The type of ascites was the majority and the megalosplenia type was the second. CONCLUSION: The prevalence of advanced schistosomiasis showed a decreasing tendency, but the incidence of new advanced schistosomiasis patients showed a slightly increasing.

[Protective effect of Fangyouling on Schistosoma japonicum infection].

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the protective effect of Fangyouling (extracted from herb) on Schistosomajaponicum infection in the field. METHODS: The residents in 2 villages, Zhaonao Village and Miaochang Village, were divided into Group A (139 persons) and Group B (162 persons), and the residents in Group A embrocated Fangyouling before their contacting the infested water and the residents in Group B did not. All the residents were investigated with questionnaires, and received the blood and stool examinations for schistosomiasis. RESULTS: The positive rates of blood tests were 3.13% and 9.34% in Group A and Group B respectively, the positive rates of stool examinations were 1.92% and 6.44% in Group A and Group B respectively (both P values < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Fangyouling has a good protective effect on S. japonicum infection.