The clinical study of urinary flow parameters after drag-and-bond anastomosis for ileal orthotopic neobladder reconstruction.

AIM: To assess the viability of this procedure in laparoscopic radical cystectomy with ileal orthotopic neobladder reconstruction, the objective of this study is to examine the relationship between urinary flow parameters of urethral drag-and-bond anastomosis in the reconstruction of the ileal orthotopic neobladder. METHODS: 36 patients with bladder cancer underwent laparoscopic radical cystectomy with ileal orthotopic neobladder reconstruction at Jiangxi provincial people's hospital between June 2016 and January 2021,16 patients underwent intermittent urethral anastomosis, while 20 patients underwent neobladder-urethral drag-and-bond anastomosis. The maximum bladder capacity, residual urine output, maximum urinary flow rate, and outlet morphology of the new bladder neck were all monitored throughout postoperative follow-up regularly. RESULTS: There was no significant difference between the urethral drag-and-bond anastomosis group (group A) and the conventional anastomosis group (group B) at 3 months and 12 months after surgery, and the maximum bladder capacity (3 months, 488.35 ± 51.56 ml vs 481.06 ± 40.61 ml, t = -0.462, P = 0.647; 12 months, 496.35 ± 51.09 ml vs 476.56 ± 56.33 ml, t = -1.103, P = 0.278), residual urine output (3 months, 44.15 ± 24.12 ml vs 38.69 ± 21.82 ml, t = -0.704, P = 0.486;12 months, 49.65 ± 26.95 ml vs 36.75 ± 21.96 ml, t = -1.546, P = 0.131) and maximum urine flow rate (3 months, 12.36 ± 2.63 ml/s vs 13.60 ± 2.82 ml/s, t = 1.361, P = 0.182;12 months, 12.18 ± 3.14 ml/s vs 11.13 ± 3.01 ml/s, t = -1.004, P = 0.322) of the two groups were not significant (P > 0.05). The new bladder outlet morphology was not distorted in group A patients, the continuity was good, and there were fewer associated complications. CONCLUSIONS: There was no significant difference in postoperative urodynamic parameters between the urethral drag-and-bond anastomosis group and the conventional anastomosis group, and the postoperative new bladder outlet was in good shape, with clinical significance.

Atomic charges in molecules defined by molecular real space partition into atomic subspaces.

Atomic charge (AC), which is the charge distribution of a molecule, is an important property that is closely associated with structures, reactivities, and intra- and inter-molecular interactions among molecules. Several theoretical models or methods can be used to obtain the magnitudes of AC with different characteristics. These models can be classified into fuzzy-atoms models and models partitioning a molecule into individual atoms with sharp boundaries. The first category includes Mulliken, natural population analysis (NPA), Hirshfeld, Merz-Kollman-Singh (MK), CHELPG, the electronegativity equalization method (EEM), the atom-bond electronegativity equalization method (ABEEM), and atomic polar tensor (APT). The second category is derived from quantum chemical topology (QCT) and includes the quantum theory of atoms in molecules (QTAIM) and QCT analysis based on the potential acting on one electron in a molecule (PAEMQCT). Herein, after giving a bird's-eye view of the population methods of the first category, we specifically describe some features of the second category. We only present the basic framework of QCT for obtaining ACs from QTAIM and PAEMQCT and show their important characteristics. QCT establishes the basis of the following chemical concept: a molecule is spatially partitioned into individual atoms with sharp boundaries. The ACs from QTAIM are close to the atomic valence in chemistry, and ACs from PAEMQCT may be practically suitable for modeling intra- and inter-molecular interactions.

A one-dimensional convolutional neural network based deep learning for high accuracy classification of transformation stages in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma tissue using micro-FTIR.

Among the most frequently diagnosed cancers in developing countries, esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) ranks among the top six causes of death. It would be beneficial if a rapid, accurate, and automatic ESCC diagnostic method could be developed to reduce the workload of pathologists and improve the effectiveness of cancer treatments. Using micro-FTIR spectroscopy, this study classified the transformation stages of ESCC tissues. Based on 6,352 raw micro-FTIR spectra, a one-dimensional convolutional neural network (1D-CNN) model was constructed to classify-five stages. Based on the established model, more than 93% accuracy was achieved at each stage, and the accuracy of identifying proliferation, low grade neoplasia, and ESCC cancer groups was achieved 99% for the test dataset. In this proof-of-concept study, the developed method can be applied to other diseases in order to promote the use of FTIR spectroscopy in cancer pathology.

RAB14 activates MAPK signaling to promote bladder tumorigenesis.

Bladder cancer (BC) is a fatal invasive malignancy accounting for approximately 5% of all cancer deaths in humans; however, the underlying molecular mechanisms and potential targeted therapeutics for BC patients remain unclear. We report herein that RAB14 was overexpressed in BC tissues and cells with high metastatic potential and its abundance was significantly associated with lymph node metastasis (P = 0.001), a high-grade tumor stage (P = 0.009), poor differentiation (P < 0.001) and unfavorable prognoses of BC patients (P = 0.003, log-rank test). Interference by RAB14 mediated a reduction in the TWIST1 protein and inhibited cell migration and invasion (P < 0.05). Moreover, silencing RAB14 reduced cell proliferation and induced apoptosis in vitro and suppressed tumorigenesis in a mouse xenograft model. We demonstrated that RAB14-promoted BC cancer development and progression were associated with activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)/extracellular signal-regulated kinase signaling through upregulation of MAPK1/MAPK8 and downregulation of dual-specificity protein phosphatase 6/Src homology 2 domain containing transforming protein/Fos proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit (FOS). We provide evidence that RAB14 acts as a tumor promoter and modulates the invasion and metastatic potential of BC cells via activating the MAPK pathway.

Inhibition of E-cadherin expression by lnc-RNA H19 to facilitate bladder cancer metastasis.

Bladder cancer is derived from bladder mucosa and is the most common malignant tumor in urinary system. Long non-coding RNA (lnc-RNA) has high tissue specificity and can participate in cell proliferation and differentiation at various levels, and plays critical roles in occurrence of malignant tumors. This study aims to investigate the suppression of E-cadherin expression by lnc-RNA H19 to enhance bladder cancer metastasis.qRT-PCR was applied to analyze differential expression of lnc-RNA H19 in different bladder cancer tissues and tumor adjacent tissues. Patients clinical data were collected to analyze the correlation between H19 expression level and patient's clinical stage, tumor metastasis. RNA interference was employed to examine the effect of H19 on E-cadherin expression. The regulation of cancer metastasis was investigated on an animal model. H19 expression level was significantly higher in bladder cancer tissue compared to adjacent tissues (p< 0.05), and is correlated with advanced clinical stage (p< 0.05). In those metastatic patients, H19 expression level is significantly higher than those without metastasis (p< 0.05). RNA interference is applied to knockdown H19 expression in bladder cancer cell, and found potentiated E-cadherin expression (p< 0.05), accompanied with weakened metastatic potency (p< 0.05). H19 expression is up-regulated in bladder cancer, and is probably related with cancer clinical stage and metastasis. Cell transfection reveals up-regulation of E-cadherin expression in bladder cancer cells when H19 expression is suppressed, accompanied with weakened metastasis potency.

IRE1α-TRAF2-ASK1 complex-mediated endoplasmic reticulum stress and mitochondrial dysfunction contribute to CXC195-induced apoptosis in human bladder carcinoma T24 cells.

Bladder urothelial carcinoma (UC) accounts for approximately 5% of all cancer deaths in humans. Current treatments extend the recurrence interval but do not significantly alter patient survival. The objective of the present study was to investigate the anti-cancer effect and the underlying mechanisms of CXC195 against human UC cell line T24 cells. CXC195 inhibited the cells growth and induced caspase- and mitochondrial-dependent apoptosis in T24 cells. In addition, CXC195 triggered activation of proteins involved in ER stress signaling including GRP78, CHOP, IRE1α, TRAF2, p-ASK1 and p-JNK in T24 cells. Co-immunoprecipitation experiments showed that activation of JNK was induced by the activation of IRE1α through formation of an IRE1α-TRAF2-ASK1 complex. Knockdown of IRE1α by siRNA dramatically abrogated CXC195-induced activation of TRAF2, ASK and JNK, formation of an IRE1α-TRAF2-ASK1 complex and caspase- and mitochondrial-dependent apoptosis in T24 cells. These findings provided new insights to understand the mode of action of CXC195 in treatment of human UC.

Safety and efficacy of a novel disposable circumcision device: a pilot randomized controlled clinical trial at 2 centers.

BACKGROUND: We evaluated the safety and efficacy of a novel disposable male circumcision (MC) device developed by Jiangxi-Yuansheng-Langhe Medical Instrument Co., Ltd. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Adult male patients (n=120; mean age, 26.6 years) with redundant foreskin and/or phimosis were included in a randomized, multicenter pilot clinical trial from October 2011 to February 2012. Patients were divided into 2 groups and subjected to MC with a novel disposable device (Device Group) (n=60) or to conventional dissection technique (CDT) (Control Group) (n=60). Intraoperative bleeding, surgery duration, pain, healing, and satisfaction with penis appearance were assessed. Adverse events (AEs) were noted. RESULTS: Intraoperative bleeding volume [3.5 ± 2.7 (15-35) ml vs. 13.1 ± 6.1 (4-25) ml] and mean surgical time [7.6 ± 4.5 (2-23) min vs. 23.6 ± 4.4 (15-35) min] in the Device Group were significantly less than in the Control Group (P<0.01). No AEs were observed in either group. There were no significant differences in postoperative pain, healing, or satisfaction with penis appearance between groups (P>0.05). CONCLUSIONS: This novel disposable circumcision device produced satisfactory preliminary adult MC results compared with CDT treatments. This device may be broadly used in men, such as those with phimosis, who are ineligible for CDT.