[Ways to solve the problem of cross-reactions during immunochromatographic examination of biological objects]. / Puti resheniya problemy perekrestnykh reaktsii pri provedenii immunokhromatograficheskogo issledovaniya biologicheskikh ob"ektov.

The purpose of this review is to study the causes of cross-reactions of a number of drugs (mebeverine, phenibut, tropicamide, ramipril, metoprolol, phenylephrine, sertraline, chloropyramine and diphenhydramine) during the preliminary stage of laboratory diagnostics by immunochromatographic method and to propose a possible algorithm for solving this problem. Conducting a hair study in order to identify the fact of the use of psychoactive substances will increase the reliability of analytical diagnostics and reduce the likelihood of false positive results of the analysis. The use of a validated method of enzymatic hydrolysis of hair will eliminate unreliable results of the analysis due to the detection of the native molecule of the toxicant, increase the efficiency and accuracy of the diagnostic procedure.

[Determining the time of intoxication due to non-drug use of tropicamide]. / Opredelenie srokov davnosti intoksikatsii pri nemedikamentoznom primenenii tropikamida.

The study objective is to develop approaches to the retrospective assay of tropicamide in biological fluids and hair. The study was performed using the substance of tropicamide. Sample preparation included hydrolysis with the following enzymes: papain, chymotrypsin, trypsin, chymopsin, and hyaluronidase. Extracts were analyzed using a gas chromatograph with mass selective detection Technologies (USA) 7890 A/5977 MSD. When modeling long-term use of tropicamide, male rats of white and brown natural color, about 6 months old and weighing 200-250 g, were used. Animals were injected with a tropicamide solution in the tail vein for 28 days at a dose of 40 mg/kg of body weight. After 28 days of administration of the tropicamide solution, daily urine and blood were collected, and hair was cut from the back and sides of the animal's body. After another 28 days, hair samples were taken again. Within the first 6 hours after the last tropicamide dose, its blood concentration reached the maximum (191.6 µg/ml) and within 4 days decreased by 10 times; in the urine, within the first 24 hours, tropicamide level decreased from 627.7 to 489.9 µg/ml, then for 2-3 days it remained approximately at the same level. From day 4, the tropicamide concentration significantly decreased, and on days 11-12, it was not detected in the urine. After 4 weeks, the tropicamide content in the hair was at the level of quantification (1.25-2.20 ng/mg) and could be detected only by sample preparation by enzymatic hydrolysis with papain. Thus, the developed and validated methods for the enzymatic hydrolysis of biological fluids and hair allowed retrospective studies of biological fluids and hair with high reliability.

[Oxidative stress in the of alcoholic liver disease].

Parameters reflecting oxidative stress (OS) have been studied in 37 patients with alcoholic liver disease (ALD) during admission to the hospital and 2 weeks after the beginning of therapy. The patients were divided into 3 groups: alcoholic hepatitis (AH), alcoholic cirrhosis with hepatic insufficiency (the group C with Child-Paquet) and terminal stage patients (they subsequently died). All patients were characterized by a significant increase in plasma products of lipid peroxidation (conjugated diene and malondialdehyde) and decrease of the ceruloplasmin level. The coefficient K OS significantly exceeded normal values both on admission and after the 2-week course of traditional treatment. This suggests an important role of the OS with ALD.