Socio-economic and demographic factors affecting school enrollment in Egypt.

PIP: Children in Egypt must go to school from age 6 years until age 13. Public education at all levels is free, although there are private schools mainly in urban areas in which some children are enrolled. The authors analyzed variations in school enrollment according to certain socioeconomic and demographic characteristics in Egypt using data from the 1992 Egypt Demographic and Health Survey. Primary school enrollment rates increased from 75% in 1970 to 98% in 1990. Female enrollment rates, however, only increased from 57% in 1970 to 90% in 1990. 1992 Egypt Demographic and Health Survey data indicate that 78% of males and 59% of females in Egypt are literate. 89% and 73% of children are enrolled in urban and rural areas, respectively, while the levels of school enrollment are higher in urban governorates and urban lower Egypt compared to other regions, and among children of educated parents compared to children of noneducated parents.^ieng

The impact of socioeconomic setting and program effort on contraceptive prevalence in the Egyptian governorates.

PIP: The authors measured the impact of the socioeconomic setting (SES) and the family planning program effort upon variations in the contraceptive prevalence rate (CPR) at the governorate level during 1992. Indexes are developed to measure the SES and the family planning program effort at the governorate level. The study was also conducted to measure the extent to which the SES and the program effort affect CPRs at the governorate level and to measure the impact of the SES on the program effort. The following indicators were chosen to use in building the SES index: population literacy rate, primary and secondary school enrollment ratios, life expectancy at birth, infant mortality rate, per capita income, percent of the population working in agriculture, and the percent of the population living in urban areas. The number of governorate population council meetings; the number of women per family planning center; the number of women per pharmacy; the percent of women who have family planning services in their localities; the number of information, education, and communication hours per 1000 women/year; the number of home visits per woman; record keeping and statistical reporting; social marketing; and the private sector were chosen as indicators in building the family planning program effort index.^ieng