[The treatment of myopia by photoreactive keratectomy (PRK) with the 193-nm excimer laser]. / Tratamentul miopiei prin keratectomie fotorefractiva (KPR) cu laser excimer 193 nm.

Excimer laser photokeratectomy is the most recent procedure used for correcting myopia surgically. It consist in flattening the cornea by performing ablations of a part of its anterior stroma. Over 15,000 patients underwent this almost entirely robotic surgical intervention, supposed not to present the shortcomings of radial keratotomy. This robotic surgery tend to replace radial keratotomy. Photokeratectomy is designed to correct all kinds of myopia, astigmatism as well as these resulting from such surgical interventions as cataract extraction or Keratoplasty. A bifocal photorefractive keratectomy is expected to correct the myopia of the patients who reached the age of presbyopia.

[Ocular hypertension and glaucoma: 2 clinical entities?]. / Hipertensiunea oculara si glaucomul: doua entitati clinice?

Are the ocular hypertension and glaucoma two different clinical entities? Recent researches show that ocular hypertension can have an evolution period, of about five years, without clinical manifestations of glaucoma. In ocular hypertension, the atrophy of the retinal nerve precedes with many years the appearance of the perimetric deficits. Retinographies in non-erythro light show a destruction, up to 40%, of the nerve fibres of the retina without evident perimetric modifications. The conclusion is reached that intraocular hypertension is only an incipient stage of a glaucoma not yet detected by the clinical means available.

[Giant cutaneous horn developed at the expense of a total orbital skin graft and rapidly evolving into an epithelioma]. / Corne cutanée géante développée aux dépens d'une greffe de peau totale de l'orbite et évoluant rapidement vers l'épithélioma.

The author reports a patient who at the age of 4 years presented a tumour of the left internal canthus thus which after many extirpations presented as many times recurrences. An intense radiotherapy put an end to the recurrences at the cost of the atrophy of the left eye and of the destruction of the periocular tissues. After 25 years necrosis of these periocular tissues necessitated the exenteration of the left orbit followed by a free skin graft. 12 years later on the floor of the left orbit developed a giant cutaneous horn which was extirpated. After 4 months a similar tumour grew on the medial wall of the orbit which developed rapidly filling the orbit and invading the maxillary and ethmoidal sinuses. The histological examination of the tumour showed the characteristics of a squamous cell epithelioma. The author discusses further the possible role of the area on which was transplanted the skin, the role of the irradiation and finally of the scarce vascularization of the this orbit, in the tumoral proliferation.

[Arcus senilis-like degeneration of the cornea following a probable lipid metabolic disorder due to the use of contraceptives]. / Degenerescenta corneeana arciforma consecutiva unei probabile tulburari a metabolismului lipidic prin utilizarea anticonceptionalelor.

PIP: This paper reports the case of a 27 year-old patient with arcus senilis-like fatty degeneration of the cornea following the prolonged use of oral contraceptives. It was assumed to be a primary degeneration of the cornea caused by lipid metabolism disturbances which produced an increase in body weight from 57-81 kg.^ieng