[Coronary collateral circulation in infarction-related artery in patients with acute myocardial infarction with rise and without rise of ST segment].

The authors analyzed a condition of coronary collateral circulation in infarction-related artery in patients with acute myocardial infarction with rise and without rise of ST segment. The assessment of collateral circulation was made by coronary angiography using Rentop scale. Results of the research showed, that collateral circulation wasn't visualized by angiography in the first hours after acute myocardial infarction with the rise of ST segment. Apparently, this circulation didn't significantly assisted in maintenance of vital capacity of the myocardium in the pool of infarction-related occlusive coronary artery. Visualization of collateral circulation was noted in majority of patients with acute myocardial infarction without the rise of ST segment. Collateral flow was an important alternative source of blood supply of the heart in patients without rise of ST segment in the period of critical reduction of the antegrade blood flow.

[Coronary microvascular obstruction phenomenon after endovascular recanalization in patients with chronic coronary occlusions].

The article analyzed no-reflow phenomenon after endovascular recanalization for chronic coronary occlusion. An assessment of antegrade blood flow was made while performing the coronary angiography according to TIMI classification. The Rentrop scale was used for evaluation of retrograde blood flow. The results of investigation showed, that the frequency of occurrence of no-reflow phenomenon after endovascular recanalization in the case of chronic coronary occlusion wasn't higher than 5%. The onset of no-reflow phenomenon after endovascular recanalization in chronic coronary occlusion doesn't depend on the volume of retrograde collateral filling of distal coronary bloodstream. A postponed restoration of antegrade blood flow was possible in patients with previously manifested (Rentrop II-III) retrograde collateral filling of periphery.

[Long-term results of clinical application of autologous mononuclear bone marrow fraction for regeneration therapy of ischemic heart disease patients].

An experience with using autologous bone marrow mononuclears for regeneration of the heart was analyzed in 97 patients in whom the intracoronary transplantation of autologous mononuclear bone marrow cells was performed. The results were estimated in terms up to 5 years and compared with a group of 37 patients who underwent only conservative treatment. A distinct positive dynamic of clinical and echocardiographic indices in the main group was noted in a subgroup of patients with a decreased ejection fraction (EF less than 50%) as compared with an analogous subgroup of patients in the control group. Substantial influence is exerted by regeneration therapy upon remote lethality. Thus, as a whole in the main group lethality over 5 years was 13.4% and in the group of control it was 21.6%. In the subgroup with a decreased ejection fraction and symptoms of heart failure lethality was 22.6% in the main group and 54.5%--in the control group. The intracoronary administration of the autologous bone marrow mononuclear fraction to inoperable patients with ischemic heart disease and a severe lesion of the coronary arteries and a decreased ejection fraction of the left ventricle is a safe and useful procedure resulting to substantially decreased lethality followed-up during 5 years against the background of conservative treatment.

[Effectiveness of using autologous mono-nuclears of the bone marrow in treatment of patients with ischemic heart disease].

The authors have analyzed their experiences with treatment of 50 patients with ischemic heart disease using transplantation of autologous mono-nuclears of the bone marrow. It was shown that this operation resulted in an improvement of indices of the heart functions and myocardium metabolism. Transplantation of stem cells as mononuclear fraction of the bone marrow is indicated in treatment of different groups of patients: in recurrent diseases after previous operations on the coronary arteries; in patients with distal lesions of the coronary bed; transplantation of autologous stem cells of the bone marrow is expedient simultaneously with coronary artery bypass grafting or coronary angioplasty (stenting).

[Hemodynamics and activation of mechanoreceptors in the human carotid sinus]. / Dinamika pokazatelei krovoobrashcheniia pri aktivatsii mekhanoretseptorov sinokarotidnoi zony u cheloveka.

Investigation into consequences of the carotid sinus stimulation has revealed that the stimulation elicited a considerable decrease in arterial blood pressure because of a decrease in the cardiac output (often) or in peripheral vascular resistance (less frequently). The type of the response to the stimulation was found to depend on haemodynamic characteristics at rest.

[The effect of clofelin on the carotid sinus and cardiopulmonary baroreceptor reflexes in man]. / Vliianie klofelina na sinokarotidnyi i kardiopul'monal'nyi baroretseptornyi refleksy u cheloveka.

A study was made of the influence of clophilin on the vasomotor component of the sinocarotid and cardiopulmonary baroreflexes of man. Clophilin was shown to intensify the cardiochronotropic component of the sinocarotid reflex, thereby suppressing blood pressure fall, evoked by activation of carotid sinus mechanoreceptors, and producing no effect on vasoconstriction induced by a decrease of pressure in the right atrium. It is concluded that the mechanism of the hypotensive effect of clophilin is not related to modulation of the baroreceptor reflexes from the regions of high and low pressures.

[Carotid sinus and cardiopulmonary baroreceptor reflex in patients with hypertension]. / Sinokarotidnyi i kardiopul'monal'nyi baroretseptornyi refleks u bol'nykh gipertonicheskoi bolezn'iu.

The nature of sinocarotid and cardiopulmonary baroreceptor reflex was examined in 33 patients with labile hypertensive disease (HD). The mechanic receptors of the sinocarotid area was activated by a neck barochamber; lower extremity decompression was used to test the vasoconstrictor cardiopulmonary baroreflex. The studies demonstrated that the activation of the mechanic receptors led to less severe bradycardia in hypertensives than in healthy persons. At the same time blood pressure fall with a decrease in neck chamber pressure achieved higher values in the patients than in normotensives, which was due to vasodilation in most patients. A direct relation was proved to exist between the degree of a decrease in the cardiochronotropic baroreflex component, presence of its vasomotor component, and disease duration. The hypertensives displayed increased in vasoconstrictor cardiopulmonary baroreceptor reflex.

[The relationship between the effect of atenolol on the baroreceptor reflex and its hypotensive action in hypertension patients]. / Zavisimost' mezhdu vliianiem atenolola na baroretseptornyi refleks i ego gipotenzivnym deistviem u bol'nykh gipertonicheskoi bolezn'iu.

A study was made of the influence of atenolol on the sinocarotid and cardiopulmonary baroreceptor reflexes (BR) in patients with essential hypertension. Sinocarotid mechanoreceptors were activated by means of a cervical decompression pressure chamber. The cardiopulmonary BR was tested by changing venous return with the aid of local decompression of the lower limbs. The changes in the hemodynamic parameters were estimated by continuous recording of the mean arterial pressure (AP), tetrapolar rheography, direct manometry arterial pressure (AP), tetrapolar rheography, direct manometry (right atrium), and venous occlusion plethysmography. The drug hypotensive effect was shown to be related to modulation of the sinocarotid BR. It has been demonstrated that there is no relationship between atenolol suppression of the vasoconstrictor cardiopulmonary BR and the drug ability for AP reduction.