Cephalometric evaluation of craniofacial variation in normal Saudi population according to Steiner analysis.

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to describe the craniofacial pattern of Saudi ethnic groups and to compare it with accepted standards for the caucasian population according to Steiner analysis. METHODS: Lateral cephalometric radiographs of 87 Saudi students (74 male and 13 females) with balanced harmonious faces and clinically acceptable permanent occlusion, aged 21-27 years old were used. A computer-aided cephalometric analysis was performed, and the mean values and standard deviations for the various cephalometric variables were obtained. RESULTS: A comparison of the results with the Steiner standards showed that the Saudis have relatively similar skeletal relationship and dentally there was a tendency toward bimaxillary protrusion. Further, there was a decrease in the lower facial height. CONCLUSION: It was evident that even in the Saudi ethnic groups with so-called well-balanced faces, there were some fundamental variations in the craniofacial structure of the Saudi Arab when compared with Steiner norms.

Cephalometric evaluation of craniofacial variation in normal Saudi population according to Steiner analysis.

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to describe the craniofacial pattern of Saudi ethnic groups and to compare it with accepted standards for the Caucasian population according to Steiner analysis. METHODS: Lateral cephalometric radiographs of 87 Saudi students (74 male and 13 females) with balanced harmonious faces and clinically acceptable permanent occlusion, aged 21-27 years old were used. A computer-aided cephalometric analysis was performed, and the mean values and standard deviations for the various cephalometric variables were obtained. RESULTS: A comparison of the results with the Steiner standards showed that the Saudis have relatively similar skeletal relationship and dentally there was a tendency toward bimaxillary protrusion. Further, there was a decrease in the lower facial height. CONCLUSION: It was evident that even in the Saudi ethnic groups with so-called well-balanced faces, there were some fundamental variations in the craniofacial structure of the Saudi Arab when compared with Steiner norms.

Radiographic study of the mental foramen in a selected Saudi population.

OBJECTIVES: To determine the most common position of the mental foramen in a selected Saudi population and to compare the results with those reported for other populations. METHODS: Four hundred and fourteen panoramic radiographs of a Saudi population from four different dental centres were studied. RESULTS: The commonest position of the mental foramen was in line with the longitudinal axis of the second premolar (45.3%) followed closely by location between the first and second premolars (42.7%). The mental foramen was symmetrical in 80% of patients. CONCLUSION: Clinicians should expect to find the position of the mental foramen to be symmetrical and in line with the second premolar teeth.

Periodontal findings in cases of posterior cross-bite.

The relationship between cross-bite and periodontal health in the posterior segment was investigated in 44 teenage subjects. The result did show a relationship between the cross-bite and periodontal health as assessed by Plaque Index, Gingival Index and pocket depth measurements. Pocket depth in all sites with the exception in the distal site for both sexes does not reach a significant difference between the cross-bite and the control teeth. The periodontal status of the teeth in cross-bite revealed a more unfavorable periodontal condition in males compared to the females but no statistical significant difference was reached.