Thumb basal joint arthritis: New classification, diagnostic and therapeutic algorithm.

The assessment of thumb basal joint arthritis requires a radiographic evaluation and a classification of the lesions to guide the treatment choice. Arthritis of the thumb basal joint is not limited to trapeziometacarpal arthritis. The radiographic assessment must consider the scaphotrapeziotrapezoid joint, the entire carpus and the rest of the thumb column, in particular the metacarpophalangeal joint. There is currently no classification that captures all these items. This article reviews the existing classifications, proposes a new classification system that takes into account the entire thumb column and sets out the therapeutic options.

[Histopathology of Anopheles gambiae s.l. Giles, 1902 (Diptera, Culicidae) subjected to the larvicidal activity of the aqueous extract of Persea americana Miller, 1768 (Lauraceae)]. / Histopathologie d'Anopheles gambiae s.l. Giles, 1902 (Diptera, Culicidae) soumis à l'activité larvicide de l'extrait aqueux de Persea americana Miller, 1768 (Lauraceae).

Larvae of Anopheles gambiae treated with an aqueous extract of Persea americana suffer important damages of the midgut. The first epithelial cells to be affected are those at the posterior part of the midgut which become hypertrophic after only 30 min. After one hour most of the cells in this part lyse. The cytoplasmic material is then rejected towards the lumen gut, between the peritrophic membrane and the midgut epithelium. Subsequently, an almost total cell degeneration is observed. Cells of gastric caeca and cells at the intermediary and anterior parts of the midgut undergo the same histopathology, albeit after a longer period.

Magnum morphogenesis during the natural development of the quail oviduct: analysis of egg white proteins and progesterone receptor concentration.

The histological development of the quail oviduct and the changes in concentrations of progesterone receptor, ovalbumin, conalbumin, ovomucoid and ovoglycocomponents are analyzed during the period spanning 7-35 days of age. The initiation of luminal epithelial cell proliferation is the first event of magnum growth. The epithelial cells begin to evaginate into subepithelial stroma and form tubular glands. Meanwhile, luminal epithelium starts cellular pleomorphism through ciliogenesis. No egg white proteins are detectable in the developing glands; at the same time, the concentration of the progesterone receptor increases from about 5500 sites/cell to 30,300 sites/cell. Tubular gland cells then begin to synthetize and accumulate egg white proteins, mucous cells differentiate in the luminal epithelium, and the cell proliferation decreases and finally stops. Compared with earlier studies dealing with the blood levels of estrogen and progesterone in developing quails during the same period, and the cellular changes induced in the oviducts of ovariectomized and ovariectomized-hypophysectomized quail by exogenous steroids, these results distinguish between the cellular responses that are physiologically controlled by estradiol and other responses that have multihormonal regulation.