RESUMO
Background: Little is known about the 2019 novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) course and outcomes in patients receiving immunotherapy. Here we describe a metastatic Merkel cell carcinoma patient with a severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection while receiving pembrolizumab. Case presentation: A 66-year-old man, with a metastatic Merkel cell carcinoma receiving pembrolizumab, presented with fever. Chest computed tomography (CT) showed pulmonary ground-glass opacities, suggesting viral or immuno-related etiology. On day 7, the patient was hospitalized due to dyspnea and worsening of the radiological findings. Real time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) testing confirmed COVID-19. The patient developed acute respiratory distress syndrome and acute kidney injury. Hydroxychloroquine was administered for 5 days, but discontinued after supraventricular extrasystoles. Clinical improvement allowed the patient's discharge after 81 days of hospitalization. Conclusion: A careful evaluation of oncologic patients receiving immunotherapy during the COVID-19 pandemic is of utmost importance.
Assuntos
Carcinoma de Célula de Merkel/terapia , Infecções por Coronavirus/diagnóstico , Imunoterapia , Pneumonia Viral/diagnóstico , Neoplasias Cutâneas/terapia , Idoso , Anticorpos Monoclonais Humanizados/uso terapêutico , Antineoplásicos Imunológicos/uso terapêutico , Betacoronavirus , COVID-19 , Carcinoma de Célula de Merkel/complicações , Carcinoma de Célula de Merkel/patologia , Infecções por Coronavirus/complicações , Infecções por Coronavirus/patologia , Infecções por Coronavirus/terapia , Humanos , Imunoterapia/efeitos adversos , Pulmão/diagnóstico por imagem , Pulmão/patologia , Masculino , Pandemias , Pneumonia Viral/complicações , Pneumonia Viral/patologia , Pneumonia Viral/terapia , Receptor de Morte Celular Programada 1/antagonistas & inibidores , SARS-CoV-2 , Neoplasias Cutâneas/complicações , Neoplasias Cutâneas/patologia , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios X , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
OPINION STATEMENT: Care should be taken to ensure that the diagnostic strategy for a recently diagnosed advanced non-small cell lung cancer includes NTRK fusion testing. RNA sequencing is the gold standard method of detection of NTRK fusion; however, pan-TRK immunohistochemistry could be used as a screening method with good sensitivity. Larotrectinib and entrectinib are approved therapies for TRK fusion-positive lung cancers as first or subsequent lines of therapy. TRK inhibition has demonstrated clinically meaningful, deep, and durable systemic and central nervous system responses. Larotrectinib and entrectinib have a manageable safety profile, including some TRK-related adverse events, such as dizziness and weight gain. At disease progression on first-generation TRK inhibitors, enrollment on a clinical trial should be encouraged, as new-generation TRK inhibitors are being tested.