Effects of Educational Interventions on Maternal Self-efficacy and Childhood Diarrhea: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

OBJECTIVE: Diarrhea still causes high morbidity and mortality in children under five, requiring constant interventions. Thus, the study aims to evaluate the effects of educational technologies on maternal self-efficacy to prevent childhood diarrhea. METHODS: Randomized clinical trial carried out in Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil, with four randomized groups of mothers of children under 5 years of age, as follows: control group (n = 61), group A (booklet, n = 60), group B (video, n = 60), and group AB (booklet and video, n = 60). From June to October 2015, data collection was carried out in three moments (the first in person and the others by telephone monitoring). RESULTS: All groups improved their self-efficacy after the intervention, with higher scores in the group AB (booklet and video). A statistically significant association was found between the occurrence of diarrhea and maternal self-efficacy in groups A (booklet) (p = 0.023) and AB (booklet and video) (p = 0.042) at the second moment of data collection. From the second moment to the third moment, the risk of diarrhea decreased in group A, from 12.8 to 1.3, and in group AB, from 8.5 to 1.1. CONCLUSION: The technologies used, isolated or combined, were effective in improving maternal self-efficacy and decreasing the occurrence of childhood diarrhea; therefore, they can be used by nurses as health education tools.

Spiritual Needs of Brazilian Children and Adolescents with Chronic Illnesses: A Thematic Analysis.

PURPOSE: To identify the spiritual needs of children and adolescents with chronic illnesses and how these needs are met by health professionals during hospitalization. DESIGN AND METHODS: A qualitative descriptive study was developed with 35 children and adolescents, between 7 and 18 years old, diagnosed with cancer, cystic fibrosis, and type 1 diabetes. Interviews with photo-elicitation were conducted during the hospitalization at a Brazilian public pediatric hospital. Findings were treated using thematic analysis, and the Consolidated Criteria for Reporting Qualitative Research (COREQ) was followed for quality reporting. This research was approved by a research committee. RESULTS: Two themes emerged. The first, entitled 'Spiritual needs', encompasses five types of needs: (1) need to integrate meaning and purpose in life; (2) need to sustain hope; (3) need for expression of faith and to follow religious practices; (4) need for comfort at the end of life; and (5) need to connect with family and friends. The second theme was the 'Definition of spiritual care'. CONCLUSIONS: Children and adolescents with chronic illnesses have spiritual needs while in hospital. Meeting these needs is essential for finding meaning, purpose and hope in the experience of living with chronic illnesses and at the end of life, based on their faith, beliefs and interpersonal relationships. But, these needs have not been fully addressed during hospitalization. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS: These results emphasize the need to implement spiritual care when caring for hospitalized pediatric patients, which includes addressing spiritual needs.

Possibilidades para a integralidade do cuidado da criança na atenção básica / Posibilidades para la integralidad de la atención del niño en la atención primaria / Possibilities for the Integrality of Care the Child in Primary Care

RESUMO Introdução: A atenção à saúde da criança compreende ações de promoção da saúde e prevenção de doenças e agravos, a qual busca reduzir a mortalidade infantil e, sobretudo, proporcionar qualidade de vida a essa população, através do cuidado integral e de qualidade. Objetivo: Analisar como os enfermeiros da estratégia Saúde da Família desenvolvem a integralidade do cuidado na consulta de enfermagem à criança. Métodos: Estudo descritivo, qualitativo, realizado em janeiro e abril de 2015 por meio da técnica de entrevista para a coleta de dados. Participaram 14 enfermeiras da atenção básica de Teresina-PI. Para a análise dos dados foi utilizada a técnica de análise do conteúdo. Resultados: A integralidade é entendida como o olhar para a totalidade do ser, como o cuidado prestado ao indivíduo observando o seu contexto e compartilhado com outros profissionais de diversos níveis de atenção. Além disso, observou-se que alguns problemas dificultam o desenvolvimento da integralidade do cuidado à criança na atenção básica. Conclusão: A integralidade do cuidado beneficia e qualifica a assistência prestada à criança, produzindo ações de saúde embasadas em linhas de cuidado(AU)

RESUMEN Introducción: La atención a la salud del niño abarca acciones de promoción de salud y prevención de enfermedades, la cual busca reducir la mortalidad infantil y, sobre todo, proporcionar calidad de vida a esa población a través de una atención integral y de calidad. Objetivo: Analizar la forma en que las enfermeras de la Estrategia de Salud Familiar desarrollan la integralidad de la atención durante la consulta de enfermería al niño. Métodos: Estudio descriptivo, cualitativo, efectuado entre enero y abril de 2015, por medio de la técnica de entrevista para recopilar los datos. Los participantes fueron 14 enfermeras de la atención primaria de Teresina-PI. Para el análisis de los datos, se utilizó la técnica de análisis de contenido. Resultados: La integralidad se entiende como una mirada hacia la totalidad del ser, como la atención dispensada a la persona, observando su contexto y compartida con otros profesionales de diferentes niveles de atención. Se observó que algunos problemas obstaculizaban el desarrollo de la integralidad de la atención del niño en el ámbito de la atención primaria. Conclusión: La integralidad de la atención beneficia y califica la asistencia ofrecida al niño, produciendo acciones de salud basadas en las líneas de atención(AU)

ABSTRACT Introduction: Child healthcare includes actions for health promotion and prevention of diseases and grievances, which seeks to reduce infant mortality and, above all, provide quality of life to that population through comprehensive and high quality care. Objective: To analyze the way in which the nurses of the Family Health Strategy develop comprehensive care during the nursing consultation to the child. Methods: Descriptive, qualitative study carried out between January and April 2015, using the interview technique for fathering the data. The participants were 14 primary care nurses from Teresina-PI. For the analysis of the data, the content analysis technique was used. Results: Comprehensive care is understood as a look towards the totality of being, as the attention given to the person considering context and shared with other professionals of different levels of healthcare. In addition, it was noted that some problems impeded the development of comprehensive child care in the primary care scenario. Conclusion: Comprehensive care benefits and qualifies the assistance offered to the child, producing health actions based on the care guidelines(AU)

O significado da história de enfermagem para formação profissional / The meaning of the nursing history for vocational training

Objetivo: analisar a produção científica acerca do significado da história de enfermagem para aformação/vida profissional por meio de uma revisão integrativa da literatura. Metodologia: O presente estudotrata-se de uma revisão integrativa de literatura, de caráter qualitativo, com abordagem exploratória edescritiva. O levantamento bibliográfico foi realizado por intermédio das seguintes bases de dados: LILACS,BDENF e MEDLINE. Resultados: A amostra desta revisão integrativa totalizou 5 artigos, onde os anos de 2012(n=2) e 2014 (n=2) apresentaram um maior número de publicações. A história da enfermagem tem umainfluencia na formação do profissional que não pode ser mensurada apenas por sua carga horária ou por seuconteúdo ministrado. Os valores e as atitudes da profissão de enfermagem são considerados frágeis perante asociedade e outros profissionais pela ausência de conhecimento sobre os aspectos históricos da enfermagem.Conclusão: Desde o princípio do cuidado de enfermagem até o seu reconhecimento como profissão, a históriada enfermagem tem contribuído para desvelar os desafios enfrentados pelos profissionais frente a outrasclasses e dificuldades perante a sociedade.

Objective: to analyze the scientific production about the meaning of nursing history for training/professionallife through an integrative literature review. Methodology: this study deals with an integrative literaturereview, qualitative, with exploratory and descriptive approach. The bibliographic survey was carried outthrough the following databases: LILACS, MEDLINE and BDENF. Results: the sample of this integrative reviewtotaled 5 articles where the years 2012 (n=2) and 2014 (n=2) had a higher number of publications. The historyof nursing has an influence on professional training that can’t be measured only by their workload or itscontent taught. The values and attitudes of the nursing profession are considered vulnerable in society andother professionals by the lack of knowledge about the historical aspects of nursing. Conclusion: From thebeginning of nursing care to its recognition as a profession, the history of nursing has contributed to revealthe challenges faced by professionals against other classes and difficulties in society.

[Men's Health Policy: perspectives of nurses for its implementation]. / Política de saúde do homem: perspectivas de enfermeiras para sua implementação.

This is a qualitative research, aiming to describe and analyze the perception of nurses from the Family Health strategy on the importance and perspectives of implementation of the Men's Health Policy. It was developed in July 2011, in the Health Centers of Teresina-PI, with sixteen nurses. The data were obtained through semi-structured interviews; the speeches were categorized according to Bardin and analyzed in the light of the Symbolic Interactionism. The nurses consider this policy important and their prospects of implementation are supportive to the initiative of coping with difficulties for the inclusion of this group and related to the work process. It brings contributions on the current health situation of men and the assistance and consolidation of nursing care.

[Humanization and nursing assistance to normal childbirth]. / A humanização e a assistência de enfermagem ao parto normal.

Bibliographical study that sought to identify the scientific production about humanization and nursing assistance to normal childbirth. The sources were scientific articles from SCIELO-Brasil's database, from 2000 to 2007. We obtained 13 articles as result from the search, which were grouped in the following categories: childbirth medicalization, humanization of assistance to childbirth, companion during childbirth and performance of the obstetric nurse. The analysis pointed out that the current paradigm is centralized on childbirth intervention, despite of humanization movements defending the natural and physiological childbirth made by the nurse. We concluded that qualified and humanized assistance to childbirth and birth privileges women's respect, dignity and autonomy, regarding women's active role in the birth process.