Bean and chia development in accordance with fertilization management.

Chia seed is expanding on the market due to its characteristics, but there are few studies on its response to residual fertilization of other crops. The objective was to evaluate the vegetative and productive parameters of common bean as a function of the base fertilization increment and to verify the influence of the residue of this fertilization on the development of chia. The experiment was carried out in two stages, Maringá State University, Umuarama Regional Campus, in a randomized block design with 4 replications. The treatments for the first stage were: T1 - doses recommended for beans and T2, T3, T4 and T5, were recommended doses for beans with increments for each treatment. The evaluated variables were: shoot dry matter, number of pods per plant, grains per plant, grains per pod, 1000 grains weight and yield. In the second stage, the experiment was installed in the same place of the previous cultivation. The treatments were: residual bean fertilization, T6 - plus the treatment with the recommendation for chia. The evaluated variables were: macro and micronutrient leaf contents, shoot dry matter, final plant population, 1.000 grains weight, oil content and yield. For beans and chia, soil samples were collected after harvest to evaluate chemical attributes. In common bean, the results were not significant in the evaluated parameters. In soil, the residual effect of beans was significant for P and K, with 27.2 mg dm-3 and 167.70 mg dm-3, in treatment T5 and chia was 23.1 mg dm-3 and 89.7 mg dm-3, for treatment T6, respectively. In chia, yield, oil content and P for leaf macro and micronutrient leaf contents were significant. Thus, the vegetative and productive parameters of the common bean were not influenced by the increase in fertilization. The residual effect was higher for P and K, for beans and chia. For chia, influences by residual effect were observed.

Response of chia (Salvia hispanica) to sowing times and phosphorus rates over two crop cycles.

Chia (Salvia hispanica) is an annual oilseed crop of high nutritional value. This study aimed to analyze the performance of chia plants sown at different times and grown under different phosphorus rates. The experiment was conducted under field conditions at the Experimental Farm of the State University of Maringá, Umuarama, Brazil. Treatments were arranged in a randomized split-plot design with three replications. Phosphorus fertilizer was applied at the time of sowing at rates of 0, 40, 80, or 120 kg P2O5 ha-1. Seeds were sown on four dates at 14-day intervals, starting on March 21, 2017, for the first crop and March 29, 2018, for the second crop. Plant population density, raceme number, shoot dry matter yield, thousand seed weight, seed yield, and seed oil content were determined. It was observed that the end of March is the borderline for chia cultivation, because the low temperature and rainfall conditions occurring after this period compromise chia growth. The best phosphorous rate for chia growth was 80-120 kg ha-1, which led to optimum vegetative parameters.