Impact of HPV-16 Lineages Infection in Response to Radio-Chemotherapy in Cervical Cancer.

BACKGROUND: HPV is strongly related to cervical cancer. HPV lineages can contribute to a response to cervical cancer therapy. The aim of this research was to estimate the frequency of human papillomavirus (HPV)-16 lineages in specimens of cervical cancer, relate the pathological factors in these variants, and assess their response to treatment with radical chemoradiotherapy. METHODS: Samples of cervical cancer were collected from women who were referred to a reference cancer hospital to test the presence of human papillomavirus-type DNA. The standard protocol of this service consisted of cisplatin-based chemotherapy of 40 mg/m2, plus conventional pelvic irradiation in doses of 45-50.4 Gy and high dose-rate brachytherapy of 28-30 Gy to Point A. The response to chemotherapy was evaluated after three months in patients with the HPV-16 lineage. RESULTS: HPV DNA was detected in 104 (88.1%) of the 118 patients. HPV-16 was present in 63 patients (53%). Lineages of HPV-16 were identified in 57 patients and comprised 33 instances of (57.8%) lineage A, 2 instances of lineage B (3.5%), 2 instances of lineage C (3.5%), and 20 instances of (35.0%) lineage D. The median age of the patients was 48.4 years (range 25-85 years). Squamous cell carcinoma was detected 48 times (84.2%). Adenocarcinoma was more likely to occur in lineage D, as three of the four cases occurred in this lineage. A total of 11 patients with the HPV-16 variant were treated with chemoradiotherapy. After three months, it was observed that nine of the eleven patients (81.8%) achieved a complete response, five with the lineage A type, two with the lineage C type, and two with the lineage D type. The two cases of partial response and disease progression, one of each, occurred in lineage A. CONCLUSIONS: In addition to the small number of patients and HPV variants, we noticed a better response in patients with the HPV-16 lineage A. Increasing the sample size could be helpful to better assess the impact of HPV variants on cervical cancer treatment.

Role of HPV 16 variants among cervical carcinoma samples from Northeastern Brazil.

BACKGROUND: Cervical cancer is the fourth most common type of cancer affecting women globally. In Brazil, it is the third most frequent type of cancer in women and HPV is present in approximately 90% of cases. Evidence suggests that variants of HPV 16 can interfere biologically and etiologically during the development of cervical cancer. METHODS: Cervix tumor fragments were collected, their DNA was extracted, and nested PCR was used to detect HPV. Positive samples were sequenced to determine the viral genotype. To characterize the HPV 16 strains, positive samples PCR was used to amplify the LCR and E6 regions of the HPV 16 virus. RESULTS: Data from 120 patients with cervical cancer were analyzed. Most women were between 41 and 54 years of age, had schooling until primary school, a family income between 1 and 2 times the minimum wage and were married/in a consensual union. There was no statistically significant association between HPV or socio-demographic variables and risk factors for cervical cancer (P <  0.05). HPV was present in 88 women (73%). The most prevalent types were HPV 16 (53.4%), HPV 18 (13.8%), HPV 35 (6.9%) and HPV 45 (5.7%). Of the 47 HPV 16 positive cases, variant A (49%) was present in 23 samples, followed by variant D in 20 cases (43%), and variants B and C in 2 cases each (4%). The most prevalent histological type of HPV 16 tumors was squamous cell carcinoma, followed by adenocarcinoma. There was a statistically significant association between HPV 16 variants and the tumors' histological types (P <  0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Knowledge of HPV 16 variants will provide data on their influence on the pathological and oncogenic aspects of cervical lesions.

Canine visceral leishmaniasis (cvl): seroprevalence, clinical, hematological and biochemical findings of dogs naturally infected in an endemic area of são josé de ribamar municipality, maranhão state, brazil / Leishmaniose visceral canina (lvc): soroprevalência, aspectos clínicos, hematológicos e bioquímicos de cães naturalmente infectados em uma área endêmica no município de são luis, estado do maranhão, brasil

This study aims at verifying the seroprevalence of dogs naturally infected with Leishmania in an endemic area together with clinical, hematological and biochemical parameters. A seroprevalence survey was conducted in 76 household mongrel dogs by an Indirect Antibody Test (IFAT). The results showed that 28 (36.84%) were positive; 15 (53.57%) were asymptomatic and 13 (46.43%) were symptomatic. The most frequent clinical signs were onychogryphosis, skin lesions (alopecia, ulcers, dry desquamation) and localized lymphadenopathy. In 6 out 22 dogs (27.27%) anemia was observed. The biochemical analyses indicated that infection caused by Leishmania can lead to hepatic changes. Kidney changes were not observed. In conclusion, the hematological and biochemical parameters would probably help to follow up the clinical stage of the disease.KEY WORDS: Biochemical analyses, canine visceral Leishmaniasis, hematology.

Objetivou-se verificar a soroprevalência e os parâmetros clínicos, hematológicos e bioquímicos de cães naturalmente infectados por Leishmania em uma área endêmica. Realizou-se a sorologia pela reação de imunofluorescência indireta (RIFI) em 76 cães sem raça definida. Os resultados demonstraram que 28 (36,84%) foram positivos, enquanto 15 (53,57%) eram assintomáticos e 13 (46,43%) sintomáticos. Os sinais clínicos mais freqüentes foram onicogrifose, lesões de pele (alopecia, úlceras, descamação furfurácea) e linfoadenopatia localizada. Em 6 de 22 animais (27,27%) observou-se anemia. As análises bioquímicas indicaram que a infecção causada por Leishmania pode levar a alterações hepáticas. Não se observaram alterações renais. Conclui-se que os parâmetros bioquímicos podem ser úteis para acompanhar os estágios clínicos da doença.PALAVAS-CHAVES: Análises bioquímicas, hematologia, Leishmaniose visceral canina.

CANINE VISCERAL LEISHMANIASIS (CVL): SEROPREVALENCE, CLINICAL, HEMATOLOGICAL AND BIOCHEMICAL FINDINGS OF DOGS NATURALLY INFECTED IN AN ENDEMIC AREA OF SÃO JOSÉ DE RIBAMAR MUNICIPALITY, MARANHÃO STATE, BRAZIL / LEISHMANIOSE VISCERAL CANINA (LVC): SOROPREVALÊNCIA, ASPECTOS CLÍNICOS, HEMATOLÓGICOS E BIOQUÍMICOS DE CÃES NATURALMENTE INFECTADOS EM UMA ÁREA ENDÊMICA NO MUNICÍPIO DE SÃO LUIS, ESTADO DO MARANHÃO, BRASIL

This study aims at verifying the seroprevalence of dogs naturally infected with Leishmania in an endemic area together with clinical, hematological and biochemical parameters. A seroprevalence survey was conducted in 76 household mongrel dogs by an Indirect Antibody Test (IFAT). The results showed that 28 (36.84%) were positive; 15 (53.57%) were asymptomatic and 13 (46.43%) were symptomatic. The most frequent clinical signs were onychogryphosis, skin lesions (alopecia, ulcers, dry desquamation) and localized lymphadenopathy. In 6 out 22 dogs (27.27%) anemia was observed. The biochemical analyses indicated that infection caused by Leishmania can lead to hepatic changes. Kidney changes were not observed. In conclusion, the hematological and biochemical parameters would probably help to follow up the clinical stage of the disease.KEY WORDS: Biochemical analyses, canine visceral Leishmaniasis, hematology.

Objetivou-se verificar a soroprevalência e os parâmetros clínicos, hematológicos e bioquímicos de cães naturalmente infectados por Leishmania em uma área endêmica. Realizou-se a sorologia pela reação de imunofluorescência indireta (RIFI) em 76 cães sem raça definida. Os resultados demonstraram que 28 (36,84%) foram positivos, enquanto 15 (53,57%) eram assintomáticos e 13 (46,43%) sintomáticos. Os sinais clínicos mais freqüentes foram onicogrifose, lesões de pele (alopecia, úlceras, descamação furfurácea) e linfoadenopatia localizada. Em 6 de 22 animais (27,27%) observou-se anemia. As análises bioquímicas indicaram que a infecção causada por Leishmania pode levar a alterações hepáticas. Não se observaram alterações renais. Conclui-se que os parâmetros bioquímicos podem ser úteis para acompanhar os estágios clínicos da doença.PALAVAS-CHAVES: Análises bioquímicas, hematologia, Leishmaniose visceral canina.