OSTEOCHONDRITIS DISSECANS OF THE HIP IN LEGG-CALVÉ-PERTHES DISEASE: CASE REPORT AND REVIEW.

Introduction: Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease (LCPD) is the idiopathic osteonecrosis of the capital femoral epiphysis in children. It is a self-healing condition, and the morphology of the hip may vary according to the severity of the disease, among several other factors. The treatment focuses on attempts to prevent femoral head collapse, obtain functional hip motion recovery, and reduce pain. Osteochondritis Dissecans (OCD) of the femoral head has been reported in 2% to 7% of patients diagnosed with healed LCPD. Although OCD may remain asymptomatic, the osteochondral fragment has the potential to become unstable, evolving into symptoms of pain, locking, catching, and snapping. Case report: We present a case report of a ten-year-old boy with an OCD lesion following LCPD who underwent effective osteochondral fixation through the surgical hip dislocation approach. The patient evolved to excellent functional recovery at 1 year post-operatively. Discussion: The surgical hip dislocation approach allows anatomical fixation of the OCD fragment, as well as improvement of hip biomechanics, decreasing pain, improving range of motion and joint congruency, and preserving the native articular cartilage. It also gives the surgeon the opportunity to assess hip stability, femoroacetabular impingement and labral tears, allowing a wide variety of options for the treatment of the healed LCPD. Level of Evidence IV; Type of study Case Report.

Introdução: A Doença de Legg-Calvé-Perthes (DLCP) é a osteonecrose idiopática da epífise femoral proximal em crianças. É uma condição auto resolutiva, porém a morfologia final do quadril pode variar de acordo com a gravidade da doença. O tratamento concentra-se na tentativa de prevenir o colapso da cabeça femoral, obtendo recuperação funcional do movimento do quadril e redução da dor. A osteocondrite dissecante (OCD) da cabeça femoral foi relatada em 2% a 7% dos pacientes diagnosticados com DLCP já curada. Embora a OCD possa permanecer assintomática, o fragmento osteocondral tem potencial para se tornar instável, evoluindo para sintomas de dor, bloqueio, impacto e estalido. Relato de caso: Apresentamos o relato de caso de um menino de 10 anos com OCD da cabeça femoral após DLCP, submetido à fixação osteocondral do fragmento por meio da abordagem cirúrgica de luxação do quadril. O paciente evoluiu com excelente recuperação funcional 1 ano após a cirurgia. Discussão: A abordagem cirúrgica da luxação do quadril permite a fixação anatômica do fragmento da OCD, bem como a melhora da biomecânica do quadril, diminuindo a dor, melhorando a amplitude de movimento e a congruência articular e preservando a cartilagem articular nativa. Também dá ao cirurgião a oportunidade de avaliar a estabilidade do quadril, impacto femoroacetabular e lesões labrais, permitindo uma ampla variedade de opções para o tratamento das sequelas da DLCP. Nível de evidência IV; tipo de estudo Relato de Casos.

MANAGEMENT OF INFANTILE BLOUNT'S DISEASE WITH MOLDED ORTHOSES: A NEW PERSPECTIVE.

OBJECTIVE: : This retrospective study evaluated treatment with individually contoured molded bracing at early stages of the disease. METHODS: : We evaluated the medical records of patients undergoing treatment of Blount's disease with molded orthoses for medial decompression between 2010 and 2014. The deformity angle (Drennan's metaphyseal-diaphyseal angle) and Langenskiöld classification were measured before and after treatment by a pediatric orthopedic surgeon with over 5 years of practice, blinded for the study and patients. RESULTS: : The mean age was 2.57 years old. Four patients were female and six male. Half of the total sample had bilateral disease. The average deformity angle showed a statistically significant reduction after treatment (p <0.001). Gender and laterality did not statistically influence the change of the deformity angle after treatment (p> 0.05). CONCLUSION: : The nightly use of molded orthoses for medial decompression was effective in reducing the metaphyseal-diaphyseal angle in Blount's disease in children under 3 years of age, regardless of gender and bilateral disease. Patients over 3 years old did not benefit from bracing. Level of Evidence IV, Case Series.