Analysis of Plantar Tactile Sensitivity in Older Women after Conventional Proprioceptive Training and Exergame.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate and compare the effects of conventional proprioceptive training and games with motion monitoring on plantar tactile sensitivity in older women. METHODS: A randomized controlled clinical trial, with 50 older women randomized into three groups: conventional proprioception (n = 17), games with motion monitoring (n = 16), and the control (n = 17). They underwent 24 intervention sessions, three times a week, for eight weeks. The conventional proprioception group performed exercises involving gait, balance, and proprioception. The games performed by the motion monitoring group included exercises using the Xbox Kinect One video game from Microsoft®. The evaluation of tactile pressure sensitivity was performed using Semmes-Weinstein monofilaments. Intragroup comparisons between the two paired samples were performed using paired Student's t-test or Wilcoxon test. Intergroup comparisons between the three independent samples were performed using the Kruskal-Wallis test and Dunn's post hoc test, with p ≤ 0.05. RESULTS: The older women submitted to conventional games with motion monitoring training and showed improvement in plantar tactile sensitivity in the right and left feet. When comparing the intergroup results, the two training modalities obtained an improvement in the plantar tactile sensitivity of the older women when compared to the control group. CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that both training modalities may favor the improvement of plantar tactile sensitivity in older women, with no significant differences between conventional and virtual training.

Different anthropometric indicators of central obesity can predict hypertension in older adults

Abstract Objective: to investigate the association between hypertension and anthropometric indicators of central obesity, obtained from two anatomical sites in old adults. Methodology: a cross-sectional study including 145 elderly people, from whom socioeconomic and demographic data and anthropometric indicators of central obesity (Waist Circumference [CC] and Abdominal Circumferency [CA]) were obtained, which were considered independent variables. A logistic regression model was used to analyze the associations, and for the discriminatory power of the cutoff points of the anthropometric indicators for hypertension, a Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve was performed. Comparisons between ROC curves were performed, aiming to identify a significant difference in the discriminatory power of the anthropometric indicators studied. Results: among the 145 individuals, 79 were female (54%) and 66 were male (46%). The results showed a high prevalence of hypertension among men (69.7%) and women (73.4%). Both WC and AC were significantly associated to hypertension in both sexes. The ROC curve parameters indicated that both anthropometric indicators of central obesity exhibit a good discriminatory power for hypertension in this studie. For the studied population, the WC cutoff point for hypertension was > 83.2 cm for men and > 82.6 cm in women, while for CA it was > 85.1 cm and > 85.4 cm in men and women, respectively. Conclusion: AC and WC are significantly associated with hypertension in both sexes, and there is no superiority among them to predict hypertension in the elderly population.

Resumen Objetivo: investigar la asociación entre hipertensión e indicadores antropométricos de obesidad central, obtenidos de dos sitios anatómicos en adultos mayores. Metodología: estudio transversal que incluyó a 145 adultos mayores, de los cuales se obtuvieron datos socioeconómicos y demográficos e indicadores antropométricos de obesidad central (circunferencia de cintura [CC] y circunferencia abdominal [CA]), que fueron considerados variables independientes. Se utilizó un modelo de regresión logística para analizar las asociaciones, además del poder discriminatorio y los puntos de corte para la hipertensión de los indicadores antropométricos, que se obtuvieron a partir de los parámetros de la curva Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC). Se hicieron comparaciones entre las curvas ROC, con el objetivo de identificar diferencias significativas en el poder discriminatorio de los indicadores antropométricos estudiados. Resultados: de los 145 individuos 79 eran del sexo femenino (54 %) y 66 del masculino (46 %). Los resultados mostraron una alta prevalencia de hipertensión arterial en hombres (69,7 %) y mujeres (734 %). Tanto CC como CA se asociaron significativamente a la hipertensión en ambos sexos. Los parámetros de la curva ROC revelaron que ambos indicadores antropométricos de obesidad central exhiben un buen poder discriminatorio para la hipertensión en la población estudiada. El punto de corte para la CC fue > 83,2 cm para hombres y de > 82,6 cm para mujeres; mientras que para CA fue > 85,1 cm y > 85,4 cm para hombres y mujeres, respectivamente. Conclusión: CA y CC están significativamente asociadas a la hipertensión en ambos sexos, y no hay superioridad entre ellas para predecir la hipertensión en la población anciana.

Resumo Objetivo: investigar a associação entre hipertensão e indicadores antropométricos de obesidade central obtidos de dois sítios anatômicos em idosos. Metodologia: estudo transversal incluindo 145 idosos, dos quais foram obtidos dados socioeconô-micos e demográficos e indicadores antropométricos de obesidade central (circunferência de cintura [CC] e cirfunferência abdominal [CA]), que foram considerados como variáveis independentes. Um modelo de regressão logística foi utilizado para analisar as associações, além do poder discriminatório e os pontos de corte para a hipertensão dos indicadores antropométricos, que foram obtidos a partir dos parâmetros da curva Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC). Comparações entre as curvas ROC foram realizadas, objetivando identificar diferença significativa no poder discriminatório dos indicadores antropométricos estudados. Resultados: entre os 145 indivíduos, 79 eram do sexo feminino (54 %) e 66 do masculino (46 %). Os resultados mostraram uma alta prevalência de hipertensão arterial entre homens (69,7 %) e mulheres (73,4 %). Tanto a CA quanto a CC foram associadas à hipertensão em ambos os sexos de maneira significativa. Os parâmetros da curva ROC indicaram que ambos os indicadores antropométricos da obesidade central exibiram um bom poder discriminatório para a hipertensão na população estudada. O ponto de corte para a CC foi > 83,2 cm para homens e > 82,6 cm para mulheres, enquanto para CA foi > 85,1 cm e > 85,4 cm para homens e mulheres, respectivamente. Conclusão: as CA e CC estão significativamente associadas à hipertensão em ambos os sexos e não há superioridade entre elas para prever a hipertensão na população idosa.

[Clinical and cytogenetic aspects of the Turner syndrome in the Brazilian Western region]. / Características clínicas e citogenéticas da síndrome de Turner na região Centro-Oeste do Brasil.

PURPOSE: to examine the association between cytogenetic characteristics and clinical and epidemiological changes in patients with Turner syndrome (TS). METHODS: Forty-two patients were included. Data were collected using a standardized questionnaire in interviews conducted with the responsible person and, when possible, with the patient. A detailed physical examination was performed. The association between karyotype, stigmata and clinical disorders were examined using the χ2 test. RESULTS: Sixty-four percent of TS patients were 45,X; 26,2% 45,X/46,X;7% 45,X/46Xi(Xq), and 2,3% 45,X/46,X,Del(Xq). Regardless of the karyotype, all patients had short stature. Low hair implantation was more frequent in patients with 45,X (p=0.03). Cardiovascular abnormalities (45%), otitis (43%), thyroid dysfunction (33%) and hypertension (26.6%) were the most frequent clinical disorders, but without correlation with the karyotype. Anthropometric measurements revealed a positive linear correlation of waist and hip circumference with age (r=0.9, p=0.01). Thirty-one patients (74%) were using or had previously used growth hormone (43%), sex steroids (30%), thyroxine (11.9%) or oxandrolone (9.5%). Comparison between gestational age at birth and learning difficulties showed a prevalence ratio of 1.71 (p>0.05). CONCLUSION: Low hair implantation is the most prevalent stigma in patients with a 45,X karyotype and the most common clinical changes were cardiovascular problems, otitis, thyroid dysfunction and hypertension; however, they did not show any correlation with the karyotype.