Sexual Practices and Predisposition to PrEP Use Among Men Ages 50 Years and Older Who Have Sex With Men: A Cross-Sectional Study.

ABSTRACT: This study aimed to evaluate the sexual practices of men ages 50 years or older who have sex with men (MSM) and factors influencing their predisposition to use preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP). An analytical cross-sectional study was conducted in Brazil and Portugal with 718 MSM. Of these, 278 (38.7%) were categorized as being at high risk for HIV based on the HIV Incidence Risk Index (HIRI), and 418 (58.2%) expressed a predisposition to use PrEP. Overall, sociodemographic factors and specific sexual practices increased the likelihood of being classified as high risk for HIV, particularly sexual position and sexual activity. However, factors that influenced the predisposition to use PrEP included age group, receptive anal sex, knowledge of postexposure prophylaxis, high HIRI score, and a history of syphilis. These findings underscore the urgent need for health services to provide comprehensive and adequate attention to the realities of this population, considering its complexities and specificities.

Determinants of COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy in Portuguese-Speaking Countries: A Structural Equations Modeling Approach.

COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy (VH) has caused concerns due to the possible fluctuations that may occur directly impacting the control of the pandemic. In this study, we aimed to estimate the prevalence and factors associated with COVID-19 VH in Portuguese-speaking countries. We developed a web survey (N:6,843) using an online, structured, and validated questionnaire. We used Measurement Models, Exploratory Factor Analysis, Exploratory Structural Equation Models, and Confirmatory Factor Analysis for the data analysis. The overall prevalence of COVID-19 VH in Portuguese-speaking countries was 21.1%. showed a statistically significant direct effect for VH: vaccine-related conspiracy beliefs (VB) (ß = 0.886), perceived stress (PS) (ß = 0.313), COVID-19 Misinformation (MIS) (ß = 0.259) and individual responses to COVID-19 (CIR) (ß = -0.122). The effect of MIS and CIR for VH was greater among men and of PS and VB among women; the effect of PS was greater among the youngest and of VB and CIR among the oldest. No discrepant differences were identified in the analyzed education strata. In conclusion, we found that conspiracy beliefs related to the vaccine strongly influence the decision to hesitate (not to take or to delay the vaccine). Specific characteristics related to gender, age group, social and cognitive vulnerabilities, added to the knowledge acquired, poorly substantiated and/or misrepresented about the COVID-19 vaccine, need to be considered in the planning of vaccination campaigns. It is necessary to respond in a timely, fast, and accurate manner to the challenges posed by vaccine hesitancy.

Casual Sex among Men Who Have Sex with Men (MSM) during the Period of Sheltering in Place to Prevent the Spread of COVID-19.

OBJECTIVES: We investigated the extent to which Brazilian and Portuguese Men Who Have Sex with Men (MSM) had casual sex partners outside their homes during the period of sheltering in place for the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS: An online survey was conducted in Brazil and Portugal in April, during the period of social isolation for COVID-19, with a sample of 2361 MSMs. Recruitment was done through meeting apps and Facebook. RESULTS: Most of the sample (53.0%) had casual sex partners during sheltering. Factors that increased the odds of engaging in casual sex in Brazil were having group sex (aOR 2.1, 95% CI 1.3-3.4), living in an urban area (aOR 1.6, 95% CI 1.1-2.2), feeling that sheltering had a high impact on daily life (aOR 3.0, 95% CI 1.1-8.3), having casual instead of steady partners (aOR 2.5, 95% CI 1.8-3.5), and not decreasing the number of partners (aOR 6.5, 95% CI 4.2-10.0). In Portugal, the odds of engaging in casual sex increased with using Facebook to find partners (aOR 4.6, 95% CI 3.0-7.2), not decreasing the number of partners (aOR 3.8, 95% CI 2.9-5.9), usually finding partners in physical venues (pre-COVID-19) (aOR 5.4, 95% CI 3.2-8.9), feeling that the isolation had a high impact on daily life (aOR 3.0, 95% CI 1.3-6.7), and HIV-positive serostatus (aOR 11.7, 95% CI 4.7-29.2). Taking PrEP/Truvada to prevent COVID-19 was reported by 12.7% of MSM. CONCLUSIONS: The pandemic has not stopped most of our MSM sample from finding sexual partners, with high-risk sexual behaviors continuing.

Factors associated with self-reported non-completion of the hepatitis B vaccine series in men who have sex with men in Brazil.

BACKGROUND: The objective of the present study was to analyze the factors associated with non-completion of the hepatitis B vaccine series among men who have sex with men and use geosocial dating apps in Brazil. METHODS: This was a cross-sectional, population survey-based, analytical study, conducted exclusively online in all the regions of Brazil, with a sample of 1855 men who have sex with men. The data was collected between November 2016 and February 2017, using the social networking website Facebook. RESULTS: Univariate, bivariate and multivariate analyses showed that 4.7% of the participants reported receiving one dose of the vaccine, 12.5% two doses, 19.4% three doses, and 45.8% did not know. Multivariate analysis showed that level of education (OR = 0.31; CI 95% 0.14-0.72; p = 0.007), identification as bisexual (OR = 0.6; CI 95% 0.38-0.95; p = 0.030), HIV serological status (OR:2.3; CI 95% 1.58-3.34; p = < 0.001) and frequency of access to health services (OR = 2.38; CI 95% 1.53-3.72; p = < 0.001) were associated with not completing the vaccine series. Low completion of the hepatitis B vaccine series was detected in the population studied. CONCLUSION: Completion of the hepatitis B vaccine series was low among men who have sex with men and use geosocial dating apps in Brazil. The factors associated with non-completion were related to social, individual and healthcare (programmatic) vulnerabilities.

Análise epidemiológica da coinfecção tuberculose/hiv / Epidemiological analysis of tuberculosis/hiv coinfection / Análisis epidemiológico de la coinfección tuberculosis/vih / Epidemiological analysis of tuberculosis/hiv coinfection

Objetivo: analisar o perfil epidemiológico da coinfecção tuberculose e o vírus da imunodeficiência. Método: estudo descritivo, realizado com levantamento na base de dados do Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação no estado do Piauí, no período de 2007 a 2016. A coleta ocorreu por meio de instrumento contendo características sociodemográficas e relacionadas à coinfecção Tuberculose/vírus da imunodeficiência. Realizou- se análise descritiva simples. Resultados: A prevalência da coinfecção tuberculose e vírus da imunodeficiência foi de 6,1% pacientes (n=619). Os dados mostram a predominância de indivíduos do sexo masculino (n=467/ 75,4%), adultos com faixa etária entre 20 a 49 anos (n=492/ 79,5%) e pardos (n=457/ 73,8%). A forma clínica da tuberculose mais encontrada foi a pulmonar com n=412 (66,6%) casos. O percentual de cura dos destes pacientes foi de 60,8%. Conclusão: Os resultados apontaram uma alta prevalência dessa coinfecção e uma elevada detecção da infecção do vírus da imunodeficiência em pacientes com tuberculose (AU).

Objective: analyze the epidemiological profile of coinfection by tuberculosis and the immunodeficiency virus. Method: descriptive study, developed based on a survey in the database of the Disease Notification System in the State of Piauí between 2007 and 2016. The data were collected through an instrument with sociodemographic characteristics and data related to the coinfection by tuberculosis and the immunodeficiency virus. Simple descriptive analysis was applied. Results: The prevalence of coinfection by tuberculosis and the immunodeficiency virus amounted to 6.1% of the patients (n=619). The data show the predominance of male individuals (n=467/75.4%), adults between 20 and 49 years old (n=492/79.5%) and mulattos (n=457/ 73.8%). The most identified clinical form of tuberculosis was the pulmonary with n=412 (66.6%) cases. These patients' cure percentage corresponded to 60.8%. Conclusion: The results appointed a high prevalence of this coinfection and a high detection of the infection by the immunodeficiency virus in tuberculosis patients (AU).

Objetivo: analizar el perfil epidemiológico de la coinfección por la tuberculosis y el virus de la inmunodeficiencia. Método: estudio descriptivo con búsqueda en la base de datos del Sistema de Información de Agravios de Notificación en el estado de Piauí, en el período de 2007 a 2016. Los datos fueron recolectados mediante instrumento con características sociodemográficas y relacionadas a la coinfección Tuberculosis/virus de la inmunodeficiencia. Fue aplicado análisis descriptivo simple. Resultados: La prevalencia de la coinfección tuberculosis y virus de la inmunodeficiencia correspondió al 6,1% de los pacientes (n=619). Los datos muestran la predominancia de individuos del sexo masculino (n=467/75,4%), adultos con rango de edad entre 20 y 49 años (n=492/ 79,5%) y pardos (n=457/73,8%). La forma clínica de la tuberculosis más encontrada fue la pulmonar con n=412 (66,6%) casos. El porcentaje de cura de estos pacientes fue del 60,8%. Conclusión: Los resultados indicaron alta prevalencia de esa coinfección y alta detección de la coinfección por el virus de la inmunodeficiencia en pacientes con tuberculosis (AU).

O significado da história de enfermagem para formação profissional / The meaning of the nursing history for vocational training

Objetivo: analisar a produção científica acerca do significado da história de enfermagem para aformação/vida profissional por meio de uma revisão integrativa da literatura. Metodologia: O presente estudotrata-se de uma revisão integrativa de literatura, de caráter qualitativo, com abordagem exploratória edescritiva. O levantamento bibliográfico foi realizado por intermédio das seguintes bases de dados: LILACS,BDENF e MEDLINE. Resultados: A amostra desta revisão integrativa totalizou 5 artigos, onde os anos de 2012(n=2) e 2014 (n=2) apresentaram um maior número de publicações. A história da enfermagem tem umainfluencia na formação do profissional que não pode ser mensurada apenas por sua carga horária ou por seuconteúdo ministrado. Os valores e as atitudes da profissão de enfermagem são considerados frágeis perante asociedade e outros profissionais pela ausência de conhecimento sobre os aspectos históricos da enfermagem.Conclusão: Desde o princípio do cuidado de enfermagem até o seu reconhecimento como profissão, a históriada enfermagem tem contribuído para desvelar os desafios enfrentados pelos profissionais frente a outrasclasses e dificuldades perante a sociedade.

Objective: to analyze the scientific production about the meaning of nursing history for training/professionallife through an integrative literature review. Methodology: this study deals with an integrative literaturereview, qualitative, with exploratory and descriptive approach. The bibliographic survey was carried outthrough the following databases: LILACS, MEDLINE and BDENF. Results: the sample of this integrative reviewtotaled 5 articles where the years 2012 (n=2) and 2014 (n=2) had a higher number of publications. The historyof nursing has an influence on professional training that can’t be measured only by their workload or itscontent taught. The values and attitudes of the nursing profession are considered vulnerable in society andother professionals by the lack of knowledge about the historical aspects of nursing. Conclusion: From thebeginning of nursing care to its recognition as a profession, the history of nursing has contributed to revealthe challenges faced by professionals against other classes and difficulties in society.

Tecnologias utilizadas por enfermeiros no tratamento de feridas / Wound care technologies used by nurses

Objetivo: analisar evidências científicas sobre as tecnologias utilizadas por enfermeiros no tratamento deferidas. Metodologia: revisão integrativa realizada nas bases de dados Cumulative Index to Nursing and AlliedHealth Literature, Scopus e Web of Science, por meio dos descritores não controlados woundsand injuries,woundhealing, nursing e technological development. Resultados: foram analisados 13 artigos, dos quais 8(61,5%) utilizaram tecnologia dura, 4 (30,8%) leve-duras e 1 (7,7%) leve, sendo que entre as duras o uso decoberturas foi o que mais se destacou, seguido de sistema de medição digital e biomarcadores. Conclusão: aEnfermagem tem utilizado, na maioria dos casos, a tecnologia dura como estratégia facilitadora para otratamento de feridas, devendo ser estimulado o uso e desenvolvimento das consideradas leves e,principalmente, leve-duras.

Objective: to identify scientific evidence available on the types of wound care technologies used by nurses.Methodology: integrative review conducted in CINAHL, Scopus, and Web of Science databases through theuncontrolled descriptors: wounds and injuries; wound healing; nursing; and technological development.Results: the analysis comprised 13 articles, of which eight (61.5%) used hard technology, 4 (30.8%) soft-hard,and 1 (7.7%) soft. Conclusion: in general, nursing has used hard technology as strategy for enabling thetreatment of wounds, thus the use and development of those considered soft and especially soft-hard shouldbe encouraged.

Analysis of vaccination status of preschool children in Teresina (PI), Brazil.

INTRODUCTION: Immunization is a priority action of the Ministry of Health for contributing to reducing child mortality; however, studies show increased vaccination delays and non-vaccination. OBJECTIVE: This study aims to analyze the immunization status of preschool children in Teresina - PI. METHODS: Cross-sectional study involving 542 children, aged 2-6 years, enrolled in local public schools in four Municipal Childhood Education Centers selected at random, following the proportional division by regions of the city. Data were collected through a pre-coded and pre-tested form, in addition to scanning the children's vaccination card. For univariate descriptive statistical analysis, Pearson's χ2 Test and Fisher's Exact Test were used, and for multivariate analysis, multiple logistic regression was conducted using SPSS version 17.0. The study complied with the ethical aspects in accordance with current legislation. RESULTS: The frequency of delayed vaccination/non-vaccination was 24.9%. The average of non-administered vaccines was 1.7 (SD ± 1.2) and of delayed vaccines was 3.3 (SD ± 1.6). The binomial logistic regression model showed a significant association (p < 0.05) between young caregivers (under 24 years) and low frequency in childcare consultations with delayed vaccination/non-vaccination. There was no association with the variables related to the experience of children in the vaccination room and with the implementation of the Family Health Strategy. CONCLUSION: Ensuring and strengthening primary healthcare actions are essential tools to reduce non-vaccination and vaccine delays. Professionals who care for children in vaccination rooms need to sensitize themselves to guide and encourage parents/caregivers to meet the vaccination schedules without delays or errors.

[Analysis of scientific production on the usage of contraceptive methods by adolescents]. / Análise da produção científica sobre o uso dos métodos contraceptivos pelos adolescentes.

The purpose fo the study was to analyze national scientific production on the contraceptives in adolescence. A quantitative descriptive research through systematic revision was performed in CAPES' database from 1997 to 2007. Out of the 43 ABSTRACTs, 35 were dissertations (81.4%) and eighth (18.4%) were doctoral theses. From 1997 to 2002 there was a wide number of publications. The health area presented 58.1% and the qualitative studies were predominant (48.8%). When it comes to the focus, the knowledge and usage of contraceptives and the opinions and/or perceptions on sexual and reproductive health of adolescents were highlighted. The professionals from several fields are concerned about discussing the theme, suggesting strategies of how adolescents should live their sexual and reproductive lives in a healthy way.

[Clinical-epidemiologic profile of Dengue suspicious cases in a district in the south zone of Teresina, PI, Brazil]. / Perfil clínico-epidemiológico dos casos suspeitos de Dengue em um bairro da zona sul de teresina, PI, Brasil.

The objective of the study was to establish a clinical-epidemiologic profile of Dengue suspicious cases in a district in the south zone of Teresina, PI, Brazil. This study is a descriptive-exploratory survey in which it was applied a questionnaire to 28 residents of the mentioned district. 88.9% had garbage collection 3 times per week; 57.1% of the deposits had construction material or car parts; 75% destine served waters to opencast; 60.7% had developed first-infection, 75% were submitted to serology, 33.3% cases were confirmed. More effectiveness of sanitary action by government and population involvement in the development of preventive programs is missed in the fight against Dengue.

[Nosocomial infection: study of prevalence at a public teaching hospital]. / Infecção hospitalar: estudo de prevalência em um hospital público de ensino.

This study aimed to determine the prevalence of nosocomial infection (NI) and distribution for topography and microorganism and its antimicrobial sensibility. The study was carried out in two Intensive Care Units (ICUs) of a public teaching hospital of Teresina, with sampling of 394 NI cases and processed by the SPSS Software. The respiratory infection was the biggest prevalence (61.26%) in the General ICU. It was found a bigger bacterial sensibility to amicacine (52.48%) in the ICU of the ER. The microorganism with bigger prevalence was Klebsiella pneumonia (35.46%) in the general ICU. In conclusion, the prevalence of NI in the two ICUs was 60.8%, exceeding 45.3% of the general rate registered in the Brazilian hospitals that is 15.5%, contributing to increase the morbi-mortality caused by infections.

[Vaccine influenza: knowledge, attitudes and practices of elderly in Teresina]. / Vacina contra influenza: conhecimentos, atitudes e práticas de idosos em Teresina.

This objective study to raise the knowledge, practical and attitudes of the aged ones of an area of the Program of Health of Familia (PSF) on the vaccine it counts influenza and to identify the reasons that had taken some not to be vaccinated. It consists of a domiciliary inquiry, an area of the PSF of Teresina, with 74 aged ones from 60 years. The result had evidenced that even so 85.3% have inadequate knowledge on the vaccine, 89.1% is favorable. The reasons most frequent for the vaccination had not been illness and fear of the adverse events. It is concluded that the favorable attitude regarding the vaccination can modify the practical front it, restoring behavior of self-protection and greater adhesion.

[Analysis of after-vacination side-effects occurred in Teresina]. / Análise dos eventos adversos pós-vacinais ocorridos em Teresina.

This study focuses the profile of the adverse events after-vaccine occurrences in Teresina in 2006. The data had been collected by means of the form application with 73 participants in 18 Basic Units of Health. The results show that the vaccines that had more produced events adverse had been tetravalente, BCG and DPT The events most frequent had been: fever, hiporresponsivo hipotonic episode, moderate irritability and local manifestations. Amongst the behaviors adopted for the health professionals, 80% had been approximately adjusted. The year minors had been accomitted by the events. All the events had evolved for the cure. It was concluded that the action of vaccination still continues requiring constant qualification of the professionals of the area. It is suggested to deepen the knowledge with relation to the handling, diagnosis, inquiry and treatment.