Assuntos
Anticorpos Antivirais/sangue , Betacoronavirus/isolamento & purificação , Pérnio/etiologia , Técnicas de Laboratório Clínico/estatística & dados numéricos , Infecções por Coronavirus/diagnóstico , Pneumonia Viral/diagnóstico , Adulto , Betacoronavirus/imunologia , COVID-19 , Teste para COVID-19 , Pérnio/sangue , Pérnio/diagnóstico , Criança , Infecções por Coronavirus/sangue , Infecções por Coronavirus/complicações , Infecções por Coronavirus/imunologia , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Pandemias , Pneumonia Viral/sangue , Pneumonia Viral/complicações , Pneumonia Viral/imunologia , SARS-CoV-2 , Adulto JovemRESUMO
Paragangliomas are rare neoplasms that arise from chromaffin cells of the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous system. These tumors are often cured by surgical resection but the risk for metastatic disease exists, particularly for extra-adrenal paragangliomas. The behavior of these tumors is unpredictable, and clinical and histopathological features associated with malignancy have not been determined. The most common sites of metastases include local and distant lymph nodes, bone, liver, and lung. Cutaneous metastases are exceedingly rare with only 2 reported cases, both of which presented on the scalp. Here we describe a 78-year-old woman with cutaneous metastatic paraganglioma presenting as a forehead nodule, which developed 15 years after her initial diagnosis of paraganglioma.
Assuntos
Paraganglioma Extrassuprarrenal/secundário , Neoplasias Retroperitoneais/patologia , Neoplasias Cutâneas/patologia , Idoso , Neoplasias Ósseas/patologia , Feminino , HumanosRESUMO
The reasons for the selective vulnerability of distinct neuronal populations in neurodegenerative disorders are unknown. The cholinergic neurons of the basal forebrain are vulnerable to pathology and loss early in Alzheimer's disease and in a number of other neurodegenerative disorders of the elderly. In the primate, including man, these neurons are rich in the calcium buffer calbindin-D(28K). Here, we confirm that these neurons undergo a substantial loss of calbindin in the course of normal aging and report a further loss of calbindin in Alzheimer's disease both at the level of RNA and protein. Significantly, cholinergic neurons that had lost their calbindin in the course of normal aging were those that selectively degenerated in Alzheimer's disease. Furthermore, calbindin-containing neurons were virtually resistant to the process of tangle formation, a hallmark of the disease. We conclude that the loss of calcium buffering capacity in these neurons and the resultant pathological increase in intracellular calcium are permissive to tangle formation and degeneration.
