Cell therapy stimulates bone neoformation in calvaria defects in rats subjected to local irradiation.

BACKGROUND: The purpose of the study was to analyze the effect of cell therapy on the repair process in calvaria defects in rats subjected to irradiation. METHODS: Bone marrow mesenchymal cells were characterized for osteoblastic phenotype. Calvariae of male Wistar rats were irradiated (20 Gy) and, after 4 weeks, osteoblastic cells were placed in surgically created defects in irradiated (IRC) and control animals (CC), paired with untreated irradiated (IR) and control (C) animals. After 30 days, histological and microtomographic evaluation was performed to establish significant (P < 0.05) differences among the groups. RESULTS: Higher alkaline phosphatase detection and activity, along with an increase in mineralized nodules, in the IRC, C and CC groups compared to the IR group, confirmed an osteoblastic phenotype. Histology showed impaired bone neoformation following irradiation, affecting bone marrow composition. Cell therapy in the IRC group improved bone neoformation compared to the IR group. Microtomography revealed increased bone volume, bone surface and trabecular number in IRC group compared to the IR group. CONCLUSION: Cell therapy may improve bone neoformation in defects created after irradiation.

Antimicrobial modulator of inflammatory response in third molar surgery compared with conventional medication

Surgeries performed in retained third molars occur in the contaminated field, bringing post-operative problems such as pain, bleeding, discomfort, swelling, infection, trismus, and inactive days. This study evaluated the differences between conventional medication and topical doxycycline in third molar surgery. Twenty-eight patients were selected requiring removal of four third molar. Half of the mouth was randomly selected to undergo surgery with the use of conventional medication (analgesic, anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial) and after 25-30 days, the other half of the mouth was subjected to surgery using doxycycline delivered through gel nanotubes. The results showed that in both treatments there was no clinical infection. The other evaluations were significantly lower in relation to pain, bleeding, edema, inactive days, trismus, and discomfort when compared with conventional therapy.

The Effect of Local Delivery Doxycycline and Alendronate on Bone Repair.

The aim of the present study was to investigate the local effect of 10% doxycycline and 1% alendronate combined with poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) on bone repair. Thirty rats were divided into three groups, as follows: control group (CG), drug group (DG), and vehicle-PLGA group (VG). Bone defect was created in the right femur and filled with the following: blood clot (CG); PLGA gel, 10% doxycycline and 1% alendronate (DG); or vehicle-PLGA (VG). The animals were euthanized 7 or 15 days after surgery. Bone density, bone matrix and number of osteoclasts were quantified. At 7 days, the findings showed increased density in DG (177.75 ± 76.5) compared with CG (80.37 ± 27.4), but no difference compared with VG (147.1 ± 41.5); no statistical difference in bone neoformation CG (25.6 ± 4.8), VG (27.8 ± 4), and DG (18.9 ± 7.8); and decrease osteoclasts in DG (4.6 ± 1.9) compared with CG (26.7 ± 7.4) and VG (17.3 ± 2.7). At 15 days, DG (405.1 ± 63.1) presented higher density than CG (213.2 ± 60.9) and VG (283.4 ± 85.8); there was a significant increase in percentage of bone neoformation in DG (31.5 ± 4.2) compared with CG (23 ± 4), but no difference compared with VG (25.1 ± 2.9). There was a decreased number of osteoclasts in DG (20.7 ± 4.7) and VG (29.5 ± 5.4) compared with CG (40 ± 9.4). The results suggest that the association of 10% doxycycline and 1% alendronate with PLGA-accelerated bone repair.

Rate of Compliance with Hand Hygiene by Dental Healthcare Personnel (DHCP) within a Dentistry Healthcare First Aid Facility.

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the compliance with the opportunities of hand hygiene by dentistry school healthcare professionals, as well as the higher choice products. METHODS: Through direct observation, the oral healthcare team-professors, oral and maxillofacial surgery residents, graduation students-for daily care were monitored: before performing the first treatment of the shift, after snacks and meals, and after going to the bathroom (initial opportunities) as well as between patients' care, and after ending the shift (following opportunities). RESULTS: The professors' category profited 78.4% of all opportunities while residents and graduation students did not reach 50.0% of compliance. Statistically significant data (P

Surgical site infections in primary total hip and knee replacement surgeries, hemiarthroplasties, and osteosyntheses at a Brazilian university hospital.

We report a case-control study involving 663 primary orthopedic surgeries with a 12.7% rate of surgical site infections (SSIs). The respective frequencies of superficial incisional, deep incisional, and organ/space infections were 22.2%, 44.5%, and 33.3% for total hip arthroplasties; 66.7%, 33.3%, and 0% for total knee arthroplasties; 0%, 75.0% and 25.0% for hemiarthroplasties; and 44.1%, 35.3%, and 20.6% for osteosyntheses. These rates of SSIs are higher than those reported in previous studies.