Physical Education for Health Among School-Aged Children and Adolescents: A Scoping Review of Reviews.

BACKGROUND: Physical education (PE) classes in schools are considered relevant to implement interventions, especially focused on physical activity. However, evidence overviews on how PE classes contribute to general health (physical, social, affective, and cognitive domains) are still needed. Thus, we summarized evidence synthesis (eg, systematic reviews) that addressed the contribution of PE classes to the health of school-aged children and adolescents. METHODS: We performed a scoping review with searches in 8 databases and institutional websites to find systematic reviews or meta-analyses that answered this review's research question. Data charting form included the identification of the study, health outcomes, and PE classes' strategies (policies and environment, curriculum, appropriate instructions, and evaluation). An interactive process was performed to build the evidence summary. RESULTS: An initial search yielded 2264 titles, and 49 systematic reviews (including 11 with meta-analysis) were included in this review. Most documents reported the main benefits of PE classes on physical domain outcomes (eg, physical activity, cardiorespiratory fitness, body mass index, and fundamental motor skills). However, evidence on the benefits of PE classes in affective (eg, enjoyment, motivation, and autonomy); social (eg, cooperation, problem-solving, and making friends); and cognitive (eg, memory, attention, concentration, and decision making) domains were found. Strategies on PE classes for health benefits were highlighted. CONCLUSIONS: These elements were detailed in the evidence summary, which may be considered to guide researchers, teachers, and practitioners to define research and practice priorities on PE class interventions for health in the school context.

Mapping recommended strategies to promote active and healthy lifestyles through physical education classes: a scoping review.

BACKGROUND: Understanding which strategies have been recommended for the promotion of active and healthy lifestyles through physical education (PE) classes can guide PE policies and practice. Therefore, we summarized worldwide recommendations regarding strategies for PE classes that have aimed to promote active and healthy lifestyles among school-aged children and adolescents. METHODS: The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) guidelines were utilized. A literature search was carried out in June 2020 in eight peer-reviewed literature databases, in addition to searches in institutional and personal libraries. The eligibility criteria included any online document that included recommendations targeting any dimension of PE classes (e.g., policy and environment, curriculum, appropriate instruction, student assessment, and strategies that interact with PE) published since 2000. RESULTS: In total, 2,408 potentially eligible documents were screened. Of these, 63 were included in the final analysis. The recommended strategies were as follows: six referred to policy and environment (valuing PE, higher frequency and duration of classes, inclusive PE classes, mandatory daily classes, evaluation of PE classes, and qualified teachers), five to curriculum (structure, type of content, cross-cutting themes, and components that improve PE classes), four to appropriate instruction (promotion of physical activities, inclusion of social issues, employment of the use of innovative technologies, and organization of the teaching-learning process), and three to student assessment (understanding human movement concepts, evaluation of contents, and assessment methods to develop an active and healthy lifestyle). CONCLUSION: Twenty-one strategies recommended for PE classes linked to five dimensions aimed at different target populations were identified. Over half were linked to the dimensions of policy and environment and appropriate instruction. PE is recommended to be mandatory and valued at all educational levels, with weekly frequency that contributes to an active and healthy lifestyle. This review shows that guaranteeing different experiences beyond sports, improving social inclusion, using innovative technologies, and providing adequate materials and spaces to be important challenges and ways to guide policies, programs, and new research in this field of knowledge. Open Science Framework Registration: https://osf.io/harwq/.

Concepções de professores de Educação Física do município de Lábrea/AM acerca do tema da saúde / The conceptions of physical education teachers in the city of lábrea/am on health / Concepciones de profesores de educación física del municipio de lábrea/am sobre el tema de salud

O estudo teve por objetivo investigar as concepções de alguns professores de Educação Física (EF) acerca do conceito e do tema saúde nas aulas de EF escolar. A pesquisa qualitativa e de campo foi desenvolvida no Município de Lábrea/AM com utilização de entrevista remota semiestruturada com sete professores. O conceito de saúde mencionado é o da Organização Mundial da Saúde. Porém, ambiguamente, as narrativas operam com uma visão restrita/negativa e comportamental da relação entre práticas corporais, atividade física e saúde. Conclui-se que há a necessidade de fortalecer a formação inicial e continuada dos professores de EF para tratarem de perspectivas mais amplas do tema da saúde, a fim de fomentar práticas pedagógicas coerentes e inovadoras que promovam saúde para a comunidade escolar.

This study aimed to investigate the conceptions of some Physical Education (P.E.) teachers on the concept and the theme of health in PE classes at school. We developed a qualitative field research in the city Lábrea/AM. We collected data through semi-structured interviews conducted online with seven teachers. The concept of health mentioned is the one of the World Health Organization. However, ambiguously, the narrative operates with a behavioral and restricted/negative view regarding corporal prac-tices, physical activity, and health. We conclude that there is a need to strengthen pre- and in-service training of P.E. teachers to develop broader perspectives of health, so as to promote coherent and innovative pedagogical practices that can promote health in the school community.

Investiga las concepciones de algunos profesores de Educación Física (EF) sobre el concepto y el tema de la salud en las clases de EF. Se realizó una investigación cualitativa y de campo en el Municipio de Lábrea/AM, con entrevistas semiestructuradas a distancia con siete docentes. El concepto de salud mencionado es el de la Organización Mundial de la Salud. Sin embargo, las narrativas operan con una visión restringida/negativa y conductual de la relación entre prácticas corporales, actividad física y salud. Se concluye que existe la necesidad de fortalecer la formación inicial y continua de los docentes para tratar con perspectivas ampliadas el tema de la salud, a fin de propiciar prácticas pedagógicas coherentes e innovadoras que promuevan la salud de la comunidad escolar.