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1.
J Med Primatol ; 52(3): 186-189, 2023 06.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36945132

RESUMO

The mean serum value of adiponectin in captive Aotus sp. is 541.99 ng/mL ± 73.05. There is no influence of sex or age, but there is a moderate positive correlation between body weight and adiponectin levels in males.


Assuntos
Aotidae , Fabaceae , Masculino , Animais , Adiponectina
2.
J Med Primatol ; 52(2): 144-146, 2023 04.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36223274

RESUMO

Only four of 40 animals had measurable asymmetric dimethyl arginine (ADMA) levels. The young primate had the lowest value (53.4 ng/ml) when compared with the two adults (218.8 ± 9.3 ng/ml) and the elderly one (320.5 ng/ml). The ADMA levels in this study may relate to the echocardiographic abnormalities found, and possible hypertensive individuals.


Assuntos
Aotidae , Arginina , Animais
3.
Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg ; 116(11): 1091-1099, 2022 11 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36055973

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Minas artisanal cheese (MAC) from the Serro region is a Brazilian intangible cultural heritage. Produced from raw milk, it may carry zoonotic pathogens such as Brucella. This study included a randomized survey for the prevalence of Brucella-positive MAC and its associated factors. METHODS: MAC samples (n=55), each one from a different rural family-based cheese-processing agroindustry, were analysed for Brucella by direct polymerase chain reaction (PCR) species-specific DNA detection and cultivation-based approaches. RESULTS: Among 55 MACs that were analysed, we found 17 Brucella DNA-positive samples (30.9% [95% confidence interval {CI} 18.7 to 43.1]) by PCR and, for the first time, from one MAC (1.8% [95% CI 0.5 to 9.7]), viable Brucella abortus was recovered by cultivation. Higher values for two variables, the number of lactating cows per herd (p=0.043) and daily milk production per herd (p=0.043), were each associated with Brucella-positive MAC, which concentrated in three high-risk and one low-risk spatial clusters. CONCLUSIONS: MAC may be a source of Brucella for humans, since the positive samples were from batches that were sold by cheesemakers. This should be of concern and encourage cooperation between the health and agriculture sectors in order to mitigate this public health risk through One Health integrated approaches.


Assuntos
Brucella , Queijo , Saúde Única , Feminino , Bovinos , Humanos , Animais , Queijo/análise , Brasil/epidemiologia , Leite , Prevalência , Lactação , Fatores de Risco
4.
Vet Microbiol ; 261: 109213, 2021 Oct.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34481272

RESUMO

Bovine genital leptospirosis (BGL) is characterized by silent chronic reproductive disorders, most related to early embryonic death leading to estrus repetition, subfertility and abortions. However, most studies were conducted in slaughterhouses, which lacks reproductive and sanitary history of the studied animals. This study aimed to evaluate the occurrence of Leptospira sp. infection in live cows with history of low reproductive efficiency. Blood, urine, cervico-vaginal mucus and uterine fragment were collected from nine cows of the same herd presenting reproductive failure (abortions, estrus repetition and chronic infertility). Serology (MAT) and molecular analysis (PCR and nucleotide sequencing) were performed. Serology showed three (33.3%) seroreactive cows, two to Sejroe and one to Icterohaemorrhagiae serogroups. Six cows (66.7%) presented leptospiral DNA on genital samples, while all urine samples were negative. L. interrogans was identified in five samples, very closely related to strains from Sejroe (n = 3) and Icterohaemorrhagiae (n = 2) serogroups, while L. noguchii was identified in one sample. Results from this preliminary study demonstrates the presence of leptospires on uterus and reinforces the negative impact of leptospiral infection on reproductive tract, highlighting its association with reproductive failures on live animals.


Assuntos
Doenças dos Bovinos/epidemiologia , Doenças dos Genitais Femininos/veterinária , Infertilidade/veterinária , Leptospirose/veterinária , Animais , Bovinos , Doenças dos Bovinos/microbiologia , Feminino , Doenças dos Genitais Femininos/epidemiologia , Doenças dos Genitais Femininos/microbiologia , Infertilidade/complicações , Leptospira/genética , Leptospira/isolamento & purificação , Leptospirose/complicações , Leptospirose/epidemiologia , Útero/microbiologia
5.
Braz J Microbiol ; 52(4): 2401-2411, 2021 Dec.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34396495

RESUMO

The aquatic plant Salvinia auriculata has been shown to possess promising properties for the treatment of Staphylococcus aureus bovine mastitis. The disease affects cattle health and compromises dairy cattle productivity, resulting in reduced milk production and higher mortality rates. The aim of this study was to evaluate the antimicrobial activity, antibiofilm activity, and toxicity of S. auriculata root extracts using bovine mammary epithelial cells (MAC-T); determine the chemical composition of the most active extract; and develop an S. auriculata antiseptic solution for pre- and post-milking teat disinfection. Plants were collected during the four seasons of the year. The most active hexane extract was subjected to bioguided fractionation, which resulted in the isolation of six known compounds, stigmast-22-ene-3,6-dione, stigmasterol, friedelinol, ß-sitosterol, octadecyl alcohol, and octadecanoic acid. The antimicrobial and antibiofilm activities of the most active extract and isolated compounds were determined against nine S. aureus strains isolated from cows with mastitis. The efficacy of the S. auriculata teat dip formulation was tested using an excised teat model (ex vivo), and promising results were obtained. The S. auriculata extract formulation proved to be as effective as commercial antimicrobials in reducing log counts in excised teats.


Assuntos
Mastite Bovina , Extratos Vegetais/farmacologia , Infecções Estafilocócicas , Traqueófitas/classificação , Animais , Bovinos , Feminino , Glândulas Mamárias Animais , Mastite Bovina/tratamento farmacológico , Mastite Bovina/microbiologia , Leite , Compostos Fitoquímicos/farmacologia , Raízes de Plantas/química , Infecções Estafilocócicas/tratamento farmacológico , Infecções Estafilocócicas/veterinária , Staphylococcus aureus
6.
Anim Reprod Sci ; 221: 106571, 2020 Oct.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32861121

RESUMO

This study was conducted to assess effects of two hormonal treatments on ovarian follicular status, estrous synchrony and fertility in dairy goats during the non-breeding season when duration of progestogen device use varied by 12 h. In both experiments, does were administered 60 mg of medroxyprogesterone acetate via intravaginal devices, respectively, for 6 and 6.5 d (G6 and G6.5). At 24 or 36 h before device removal, 200 IU of eCG im and 30 µg d-cloprostenol im were administered. In Experiment 1 (n = 24), data related to sexual behavior and that were collected using ovarian ultrasonography were recorded, and in Experiment 2 (n = 83) fertility was assessed after Flexible Time Artificial Insemination (FxTAI). The interval from device removal to estrus was shorter (P < 0.05) after imposing the G6.5 treatment regimen. Diameter of largest and second-largest ovarian follicles and interval from device removal to ovulation were similar (P> 0.05) between groups. The does treated with the G6.5 hormonal regimen had greater estrous synchrony, associated with greater development of largest follicles at the time of device removal, which might have led to a lesser fertility rate (P > 0.05). Conversely, treatment with the G6 hormonal regimen resulted in a greater conception rate. In conclusion, increasing time the intravaginal device is inserted from 6 to 6.5 d resulted in greater estrous synchrony, advanced ovarian follicular development, abnormal CL function and lesser pregnancy rates in artificially inseminated dairy goats when there were treatments during the non-breeding season.


Assuntos
Sincronização do Estro/métodos , Cabras/fisiologia , Inseminação Artificial/veterinária , Progestinas/administração & dosagem , Animais , Gonadotropina Coriônica/administração & dosagem , Gonadotropina Coriônica/farmacologia , Cloprostenol/administração & dosagem , Cloprostenol/farmacologia , Esquema de Medicação , Feminino , Gravidez , Taxa de Gravidez , Progestinas/farmacologia
7.
Trop Anim Health Prod ; 46(8): 1463-6, 2014 Dec.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25172114

RESUMO

Toxoplasmosis is an important cause of abortion in sheep and a zoonotic risk to humans, leading to significant hazards to health and to economic losses. This study examined the seroprevalence and associated risk factors for infection with Toxoplasma gondii in 379 sheep from 12 flocks in Rio de Janeiro state, Brazil. Using the modified agglutination test (MAT), 202 (53.3 %) of 379 were seropositive with titers of 1:25 in 65, 1:50 in 40, 1:100 in 23, 1:200 in 11, 1:400 in 36, 1:800 in 7, 1:1,600 in 1, and 1:3,200 or higher in 19 sheep. The most significant factors associated with T. gondii seropositivity in sheep were age, gender, and veterinary care. Finding of T. gondii antibodies in 97 of the 202 sheep in titers of 1:100 or higher is indicative of persistently infected animals. This high level of seropositivity requires urgent control measures to reduce impact on animal productivity and public health.


Assuntos
Doenças dos Ovinos/parasitologia , Toxoplasmose Animal/epidemiologia , Aborto Animal , Testes de Aglutinação/veterinária , Animais , Anticorpos Antiprotozoários/sangue , Brasil/epidemiologia , Feminino , Gravidez , Fatores de Risco , Estudos Soroepidemiológicos , Ovinos , Doenças dos Ovinos/epidemiologia , Toxoplasma/imunologia
8.
Vet J ; 173(2): 408-12, 2007 Mar.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-16455276

RESUMO

In spite of the large number of goats found in several developing tropical countries, milk production remains unsatisfactory. The occurrence of infectious diseases, such as leptospirosis, brucellosis and caprine arthritis-encephalitis (CAE) may in part be responsible for sub-optimal production. In this study, 1000 serum samples were tested for leptospirosis, 953 for brucellosis and 562 for CAE. All tested flocks presented at least one seroreactive animal for leptospirosis and for CAE. Reactivity to leptospirosis was 11.1%, and serovar hardjo was the most frequently found. Anti-B. abortus agglutinins were found in 0.5% of the samples presented and 14.1% were seroreactive to CAE. Leptospirosis was considered to represent the major infectious problem in the studied goat flocks. The occurrence of infectious diseases in the tested flocks may represent an important factor contributing to the decreased productivity of the animals. These findings may be similar to those observed in other developing countries and require further study to define the relationship between seropositivity and reduced production.


Assuntos
Vírus da Artrite-Encefalite Caprina/isolamento & purificação , Brucella abortus/isolamento & purificação , Doenças das Cabras/sangue , Doenças das Cabras/epidemiologia , Leptospira/isolamento & purificação , Animais , Anticorpos Antibacterianos/sangue , Anticorpos Antivirais/sangue , Brasil/epidemiologia , Brucelose/epidemiologia , Brucelose/veterinária , Feminino , Doenças das Cabras/microbiologia , Cabras , Infecções por Lentivirus/epidemiologia , Infecções por Lentivirus/veterinária , Leptospirose/epidemiologia , Leptospirose/veterinária
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