[Current status of p53 tumor suppressor gene as a possible molecular marker of cancer of the prostate]. / Estado actual del gen supresor de tumor p53 como posible marcador molecular del cáncer de próstata.

Diagnosis of prostate cancer has increased over the last few years both in localized and in more advanced stages. At present, several groups are working in the search and evaluation of alternative tumoral markers as the current ones do not cover all the Urologist's needs. In this context, a number of studies on the mutation of the tumour suppressor gen p53 in both localized and metastatic prostate cancer are being carried out. When a noxa acts on the DNA, protein p53 inhibits the cell cycle allowing the repair systems to operate and, if the damage is significant enough, cell apoptosis. The loss of this control mechanism secondary to the synthesis of anomalous proteins can result in the proliferation of neoplastic cells. A revision of the most representative papers in the literature is presented here, addressing the surrounding controversy and the resulting future possibilities.

[A little known entity: aggressive fibromatosis]. / Una entidad poco estudiada: la fibromatosis agresiva.

Aggressive fibromatosis is an unfrequent and little known entity, which in spite of being a histologically benign tumoration with scarce mitosis and without metastasis at distance, frequently presents with a high degree of local malignancy that can cause serious functional and aesthetical disturbance for the patient and even lead to death if infiltration of vital organs is presented, above all in cases of abdominal or maxillo-facial mass localization. The authors present their experience with 17 cases of aggressive fibromatosis observed in our centre: four of abdominal localization, six in extremities, five in the maxillo-facial mass, one in the torax and one in the lumbo-sacral region. Histological diagnosis, either by puncture or biopsy, is complemented by studies of extension of the tumour based on ecography and TAC. All cases were treated according to the classical criteria of ample resection of the lesion, always when practicable, except in one infant case and in the torax, in which only a biopsy was effected. Of the 15 cases resected, nine cases had local relapses, six of which remained free of disease with a second operation, another two required a third operation and the remaining case needed five interventions. In six children chemotherapy was applied with vincristina, cyclophosphamide and adriamicina. A follow up was carried out in 14 patients, one of which died and the remaining 13 are free of disease. In spite of the fact that progestagene receptors were not evidenced in two of our cases, one presented complete remission of the tumor after treatment with medroxyprogesterone. In this case the coincidence of Gardner's syndrome arises in the family history.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

[Embryonal fatty tumors. Lipoblastoma-lipoblastomatosis]. / Tumores de grasa embrionaria. Lipoblastoma-lipoblastomatosis.

The authors present four cases. The first case is a diaphragmatic-mediastinal, the second one is a cervical-mediastinal one, the third case has a buttock, the last one is a case of hip-thigh. Their ages are one, eight and three years old and the fourth case is seven days old. They appear in axilla, neck, thoracic wall and fat prevertebral tissue, in below three year old children. Despite their benignity, the tumors grow very fast. The complete extirpation is fundamental to avoid relapses, which are presented approximately in a 15 for 100 of the cases. Mutilations are not necessary, since it is a benign tumor. Finally, the authors amply review the literature. They differentiate the concepts of lipoma, hibernoma and lipoblastoma.