[Optimising postoperative recovery at home; individualised discharge policy and task division between GP and medical specialist]. / Optimaliseren van postoperatief herstel thuis.

In the last decennia, the length of hospital stay of admitted patients has significantly decreased in all medical fields. As a result, postoperative recovery mainly takes place at home, inherently leading to new challenges. Here, two patients are being discussed for whom the postoperative period was substandard. To guarantee optimal quality of care in the home situation, the medical specialist and the general practitioner need to make the necessary arrangements. We would first of all recommend providing each discharged patient with specific, structured and individualised advices regarding postoperative recovery but also regarding alarm symptoms and logistics (e.g. who to call in case of emergency). Finally, we believe that, as (serious) complications are rare, it should be agreed on the fact that the responsible medical specialist is the coordinator of the postoperative period and the first contact point for postoperative patients.

[How we can learn better and more safely from serious incidents; translation of 'Just Culture' and 'Safety-II' into clinical practice]. / Hoe we beter en veilig kunnen leren van calamiteiten.

After a serious incident, all involved expect it will provide an opportunity to learn and that improvements will follow. However, 'safe' learning is often threatened due to a primary focus on accountability. Focus should, instead, be on the needs of both patients and care providers, with the goal of repairing damage and restoring trust in the wider sense - a culture of justice ('Just Culture'). Common daily practice is a more realistic focus for further investigation, with active involvement of healthcare professionals ('Safety-II'). This means that an event is no longer reduced to 'human failure' but that complex work processes and interdependencies are thoroughly investigated, as to understand how things mostly go well but sometimes also go wrong. Deeper insight into the context of a serious incident and its relation to daily practice could ensure that plans for improvement are more closely aligned with this daily practice. Primary focus on the needs of those involved, and appreciation of the complex context, can allow for a safe and realistic approach to learning from undesirable events, such as serious incidents.