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Objective To evaluate the effects of video games on neurological function and living ability in stroke patients by meta-analysis.Methods A computer retrieval of electronic databases was carried out to collect randomized controlled trials(RCTs) evaluating effects of video games for improving neurological function and living ability in stroke patients.The quality of included studies was critically evaluated and data was analyzed using RevMan 5.3 software.Results Totally 15 studies and 588 patients were included.Results of meta-analysis showed that neurological function and living ability could be improved by video games in stroke patients.For the same length of time as conventional rehabilitation,combination of video games and conventional rehabilitation had better effects on daily living ability than conventional rehabilitation.Adding a certain period of time of video games training on the basis of conventional rehabilitation had better effects on extremity motion function and daily living ability than conventional rehabilitation.Conclusion Video games together with conventional rehabilitation can better improve neurological function and daily living ability in stroke patients compared with conventional rehabilitation.
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Objective To detect the antitumor activity of total saponins form Parisforrestii (PCT3) in vitro and in vivo and its acute toxicity by disposable ig administration.Methods The inhibitory effect of PCT3 on proliferation of human colorectal cancer cells (HCT-116) and human gastric cancer cells (SGC-7901) was detected by modified MTT assay,and the half inhibition concentration (IC50) was calculated.Acute toxicity test of PCT3 at doses of 1 646,2 352,3 360 and 4 800 mg/kg was performed by ig administration in mice.Mouse model of hepatocellular carcinoma (H22) was established with sc injection,and the mice were respectively ip given cisplatin 2 mg/kg (positive control),normal saline (negative control),ig given 0.5％ CMC-Na (solvent control),30,90 and 270 mg/kg PCT3 continuously for 9 d,and the inhibitory rate of tumor,body weight,liver,spleen,kidney and thymus coefficients were detected.Results PCT3 had significant inhibitory effect on the proliferation of HCT-116 and SGC-7901 cells,with IC50 values of 7.6 and 5.9 μg/mL,respectively.PCT3 induced animal diarrhea and activity inhibition in mice,the half lethal dose (LD50) was 1985.5 mg/kg.Compared with solvent control group,PCT3 had no significant effect on body weight of mice;270 mg/kg PCT3 had a significant inhibitory effect on H22 tumor mass (P ＜ 0.05),the inhibitory rate was 26.8％;There was no significant effect on the organ coefficient;compared with negative control group,cisplatin significantly inhibited the tumor growth and body weight (P ＜ 0.01),the inhibitory rates were 81.4％ and 37.4％ respectively;The liver,spleen and thymus coefficients were also significantly inhibited (P ＜ 0.05,0.01).Conclusion The tumor inhibitory rate of cisplatin is significantly higher than that of PCT3,but it also significantly inhibits mice body weight and liver,spleen,thymus coefficients.PCT3 shows obvious antitumor activity in vitro and in vivo,and the toxicity is not remarkable.It could be a potential antitumor agent in the future.
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Objective To detect the antitumor activity of total saponins form Parisforrestii (PCT3) in vitro and in vivo and its acute toxicity by disposable ig administration.Methods The inhibitory effect of PCT3 on proliferation of human colorectal cancer cells (HCT-116) and human gastric cancer cells (SGC-7901) was detected by modified MTT assay,and the half inhibition concentration (IC50) was calculated.Acute toxicity test of PCT3 at doses of 1 646,2 352,3 360 and 4 800 mg/kg was performed by ig administration in mice.Mouse model of hepatocellular carcinoma (H22) was established with sc injection,and the mice were respectively ip given cisplatin 2 mg/kg (positive control),normal saline (negative control),ig given 0.5％ CMC-Na (solvent control),30,90 and 270 mg/kg PCT3 continuously for 9 d,and the inhibitory rate of tumor,body weight,liver,spleen,kidney and thymus coefficients were detected.Results PCT3 had significant inhibitory effect on the proliferation of HCT-116 and SGC-7901 cells,with IC50 values of 7.6 and 5.9 μg/mL,respectively.PCT3 induced animal diarrhea and activity inhibition in mice,the half lethal dose (LD50) was 1985.5 mg/kg.Compared with solvent control group,PCT3 had no significant effect on body weight of mice;270 mg/kg PCT3 had a significant inhibitory effect on H22 tumor mass (P ＜ 0.05),the inhibitory rate was 26.8％;There was no significant effect on the organ coefficient;compared with negative control group,cisplatin significantly inhibited the tumor growth and body weight (P ＜ 0.01),the inhibitory rates were 81.4％ and 37.4％ respectively;The liver,spleen and thymus coefficients were also significantly inhibited (P ＜ 0.05,0.01).Conclusion The tumor inhibitory rate of cisplatin is significantly higher than that of PCT3,but it also significantly inhibits mice body weight and liver,spleen,thymus coefficients.PCT3 shows obvious antitumor activity in vitro and in vivo,and the toxicity is not remarkable.It could be a potential antitumor agent in the future.
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Microwave irradiation (with H2O2) has been shown to offer considerable advantages owing to its flexible control, low overall cost, and resulting higher soluble chemical oxygen demand (SCOD); accordingly, the method has been proposed recently as a means of improving sludge disintegration. However, the key factor controlling this sludge pretreatment process, pH, has received insufficient attention to date. To address this, the response surface approach (central composite design) was applied to evaluate the effects of total suspended solids (TSS, 2-20 g/L), pH (4-10), and H2O2 dosage (0-2 w/w) and their interactions on 16 response variables (e.g., SCODreleased, pH, H2O2remaining). The results demonstrated that all three factors affect sludge disintegration significantly, and no pronounced interactions between response variables were observed during disintegration, except for three variables (TCOD, TSSremaining, and H2O2 remaining). Quadratic predictive models were constructed for all 16 response variables (R(2): 0.871-0.991). Taking soluble chemical oxygen demand (SCOD) as an example, the model and coefficients derived above were able to predict the performance of microwave pretreatment (enhanced by H2O2 and pH adjustment) from previously published studies. The predictive models developed were able to optimize the treatment process for multiple disintegration objectives.
