Educational strategies in oral healthcare for the disabled and their effects on dental students' training.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the effects of didactic and clinical training of dental students in treating Persons with Disabilities (PwD) on their self-perceptions about treating PWD. METHODS: A pre-and postevaluation of a didactic-clinical educational strategy targeting oral health care of PwD was conducted among fourth-year undergraduate dental students at a Brazilian dental school. Semi-structured questionnaires were used to assess the following work environment parameters: technical, organizational, social, ethical, and managerial acumen. Data were analyzed using Fisher's exact and chi-square tests, with a significance level of 5% (p < 0.05), to verify possible associations between the quantitative variables. A qualitative analysis was conducted through collective subject discourse. RESULTS: Significant differences were found in the self-perception of students' knowledge and abilities in providing low-complexity care for PwD before and after the training program (p = 0.025). Students were more confident about managing and organizing the work environment (p = 0.007) and providing humanized care to PwD (p = 0.042) posttraining program. Additionally, a decrease in the feeling of insecurity (p = 0.014) and feelings of pity, fear, or prejudice toward PwD (p < 0.001) were observed posttraining program. CONCLUSIONS: Didactic and clinical training interventions for treating PwD improved the work environment of undergraduate dental students in technical, managerial, organizational, and ethical/social dimensions.

Educational strategies for oral assistance for the disabled and their effects on dentistry students' formation: A systematic review.

AIMS: This systematic review aimed to analyze the influence of educational strategies for oral health care for Persons with disabilities (PwDs) on the technical, ethical, and social training of undergraduate dental students. METHODS AND RESULTS: An extensive search was performed in the following databases: Cochrane, Embase, PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, LILACS/BBO and OpenGrey database. Observational, nonrandomized, and quantitative comparisons before and after some type of educational strategy in undergraduate dentistry was included. The risk of bias was assessed using the risk of bias in nonrandomized intervention studies (ROBINS-I) tool. The certainty of evidence was assessed using the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluations (GRADE) approach. Nine were included and suggested that a significant improvement was observed in the technical training of undergraduate dental students although there was no consensus on the acquisition of ethical/social competences after the application of educational strategies. The included studies presented a moderate to serious risk of bias, and the certainty of evidence for both, technical and ethical/social evaluative constructs, as very low. CONCLUSION: Although studies show that awareness regarding PwD significantly increases technical skills in dental students, the evidence is poor due to the high risk of bias and inconsistency observed in both the technical and ethical/social constructs; further studies on this topic are therefore essential. Prospero: (CRD42021288463).

Longitudinal study for dental caries calibration of dentists unexperienced in epidemiological surveys.

This study aimed to make a longitudinal analysis of interexaminer calibration reproducibility in diagnosing dental caries in posterior teeth, by examiners without previous experience in epidemiological studies. A group of 11 inexperienced examiners underwent theoretical-practical training and calibration assessments, assisted by a standard examiner. An examiner who did not participate directly in the research selected 5-year-old children with and without caries. The D3 diagnostic threshold was used to evaluate dental caries, based on the World Health Organization (WHO) criteria. The initial calibration (baseline) was performed after the theoretical-practical training session, and consisted of examining 20 children; the second calibration occurred three months later, and involved evaluating another 18 children. The interexaminer agreement was obtained by kappa statistics, and by overall percentage agreement. The paired t-test was applied to compare the values for kappa means and overall percentage agreement between the time points studied. At baseline, the values for kappa (> 0.81) and overall percentage agreement (> 95.63%) were considered high. At the 3-month calibration assessment, all the examiners showed some decrease in both kappa (p < 0.0001) and overall percentage agreement (p = 0.0102). The calibration process currently proposed by the WHO is effective. However, reproducibility was not maintained over time for inexperienced examiners evaluating the posterior teeth of 5-year-old children, under epidemiological conditions.

Longitudinal study for dental caries calibration of dentists unexperienced in epidemiological surveys

Abstract This study aimed to make a longitudinal analysis of interexaminer calibration reproducibility in diagnosing dental caries in posterior teeth, by examiners without previous experience in epidemiological studies. A group of 11 inexperienced examiners underwent theoretical-practical training and calibration assessments, assisted by a standard examiner. An examiner who did not participate directly in the research selected 5-year-old children with and without caries. The D3 diagnostic threshold was used to evaluate dental caries, based on the World Health Organization (WHO) criteria. The initial calibration (baseline) was performed after the theoretical-practical training session, and consisted of examining 20 children; the second calibration occurred three months later, and involved evaluating another 18 children. The interexaminer agreement was obtained by kappa statistics, and by overall percentage agreement. The paired t-test was applied to compare the values for kappa means and overall percentage agreement between the time points studied. At baseline, the values for kappa (> 0.81) and overall percentage agreement (> 95.63%) were considered high. At the 3-month calibration assessment, all the examiners showed some decrease in both kappa (p < 0.0001) and overall percentage agreement (p = 0.0102). The calibration process currently proposed by the WHO is effective. However, reproducibility was not maintained over time for inexperienced examiners evaluating the posterior teeth of 5-year-old children, under epidemiological conditions.

Análise do teor de fluoretos nas águas de abastecimento público em um município da região metropolitana de Curitiba/PR: doze meses de heterocontrole / Analysis of fluoride content in the public water supply in a city of the metropolitan region of Curitiba/PR: twelve months of external control

Resumo Introdução A fluoretação das águas de abastecimento tem sido apontada em estudos nacionais e internacionais como a mais eficiente e equânime forma de acesso a fluoretos na prevenção da cárie dentária. Objetivo Relatar os resultados do heterocontrole nas águas de abastecimento público do município de Colombo/PR, no período de dezembro de 2013 a novembro de 2014. Método Foram coletadas amostras mensais em 15 Unidades Básicas de Saúde, em dias da semana aleatórios, no período de 12/2013 a 11/2014. As amostras foram analisadas pelo método eletrométrico na Faculdade de Odontologia da Universidade Federal Fluminense. Resultados Foram analisadas 180 amostras, que variaram de <0,001 a 1,480 mg/L (média 0,715±0,232 mg/L). De acordo com o critério estabelecido pelo Centro Colaborador do Ministério da Saúde em Vigilância da Saúde Bucal, 51,11% das amostras apresentavam níveis de fluoretos adequados, 13,34% concentrações de flúor acima do ideal, e 35,56% abaixo do ideal. Conclusão O heterocontrole representa uma das principais estratégias de vigilância em saúde bucal, e, dessa forma, deve ser implementado e efetuado em todas as regiões que utilizam água fluoretada, a fim de garantir a manutenção de níveis ótimos de fluoretos.

Abstract Background The fluoridation of water supply has been pointed out in national and international studies as the most efficient and equal way of accessing fluorides in the prevention of dental caries. Objective To report the results of heterocontrol in public water supply in the municipality of Colombo/PR, from December 2013 to November 2014. Method The samples were monthly collected in 15 Basic Health Units, on random days of the week, from 12/2013 to 11/2014. The samples were analyzed by the electrometric method at the Faculty of Dentistry of Fluminense Federal University. Results 180 samples were analyzed, ranging from <0.001 to 1.480 mg/L (mean 0.715 ± 0.232 mg/L). According to the criteria established by the Collaborating Center of the Ministry of Health in Oral Health Surveillance, 51.11% of the samples had adequate fluoride levels, 13.34% above ideal fluoride levels, and 35.56% below ideal levels. Conclusion Heterocontrol could represent one of the main strategies of oral health surveillance, and, therefore, it should be implemented and carried out in all regions that use fluoridated water, in order to guarantee the maintenance of optimal fluoride levels.

Two years of COVID-19 pandemic: Framework of health interventions in a Brazilian city.

The COVID-19 pandemic and its effects on public health have urgently demanded effective health policies to avoid the spread of COVID-19. Thus, public administrators have implemented non-pharmacological and pharmacological interventions to mitigate the pandemic's impacts and strengthen health services. The aim of this ecological study is to describe the scenario of COVID-19 pandemic in a Brazilian city, during 2 years. This ecological study was carried out in Nova Friburgo, a Brazilian city, for 105 weeks (two years), from March 29, 2020 (week 1) to April 02, 2022 (week 105). Data on COVID-19 cases and COVID-19 deaths, occupation of COVID-19 exclusive beds in hospitals, community mobility, vaccination, government regulation on the opening of city establishments and city risk assessment were collected from public datasets. Four waves of COVID-19 cases and deaths were observed during this period. The first case occurred in week 1 and first death in week 3 of this study. The highest peaks of cases and deaths were observed during the third wave with 1,131 cases (week 54) and 47 deaths (week 55) and where the highest occupation of COVID-19 exclusive beds in local hospitals occurred. Interventions from more restrictive to more flexible, were implemented throughout this study, including lockdown and gradual return in economic and social strata levels. Vaccination began on week 43 and at the end of this study 89.91% of the total population was vaccinated with at least one dose, being 83.22% fully vaccinated. A deep description of several interventions used to avoid COVID-19 spread in a Brazilian city during 2 years of this pandemic can help promote better decision-making in the future while it exposes the challenges of conducting public health policies in a pandemic scenario.

Association of clinical, social and environmental variables with dental caries prevalence in adolescents from a Brazilian municipality supplied with fluoridated water / Associação de variáveis clínicas, sociais e ambientais sobre a cárie dentária em adolescentes de um município brasileiro com água fluoretada

Abstract Background Although a trend towards dental caries reduction has been observed, further investigations on its pattern and development are still needed. Objective To investigate the influence of clinical, social and environmental variables on dental caries prevalence in adolescents from a Brazilian municipality supplied with fluoridated water in 2018. Method This study was conducted with a non-probabilistic sample of 277 adolescents aged 12 years of public schools in Nova Friburgo, state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Clinical examinations were carried out by calibrated examiners to assess caries, periodontal disease, and fluorosis according to criteria of the World Health Organization (WHO). Semi-structured questionnaires were applied to record socio-environmental information. Results Individuals living in regions supplied with fluoridated water below the minimum required levels (OR=3.60, p=0.0006), with low income (OR=1.90, p=0.0444), presence of gingivitis (OR=3.36; p=0.0016), and whose reason for visiting the dentist was dental treatment (OR=2.41; p=0.0203) were more likely to have dental caries. A significant reduction (p<0.0001) in dental caries indexes was observed between 2012 and 2018. Conclusion Fluoridation of public water supply at unsuitable levels, as well as other social and clinical variables can influence the caries pattern in adolescents.

Resumo Introdução A tendência de redução da cárie dentária tem sido constatada, apesar de maiores investigações sobre seu padrão e desenvolvimento serem ainda necessárias. Objetivo investigar a influência de variáveis clínicas, sociais e ambientais sobre a cárie em adolescentes de um município brasileiro com água fluoretada, no ano de 2018. Método Empregou-se uma amostra não probabilística de 277 adolescentes de 12 anos, de escolas públicas de Nova Friburgo, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil. Exames clínicos foram realizados por examinadores calibrados, para avaliação de cárie, doença periodontal e fluorose, sob critérios da Organização Mundial da Saúde (OMS). Questionários semiestruturados foram aplicados para coletar informações socioambientais. Resultados Indivíduos residentes em regiões com flúor na água em subdoses (OR=3,60, p=0,0006), e aqueles com baixa renda (OR =1,90, p=0,0444), com presença de gengivite (OR = 3,36; p = 0,0016) e cuja razão para a visita ao dentista foi para tratamento dentário (OR=2,41; 0,0203), apresentaram mais chances de terem cárie. Uma redução significativa (p<0,0001) nos índices de cárie foi observada entre 2012 (primeiro levantamento epidemiológico) e 2018. Conclusão A fluoretação das águas de abastecimento público, quando em níveis não adequados, assim como outras variáveis sociais e clínicas, podem influenciar o padrão de cárie nos adolescentes.

Impact of traumatic dental injury treatment on the Oral Health-Related Quality of Life of children, adolescents, and their family: Systematic review and meta-analysis.

BACKGROUND/AIM: Measures of oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) are useful in clinical trials to evaluate treatment outcomes. To detect the treatment impact of traumatic dental injuries (TDI) on OHRQoL is extremely relevant. The aim of this study was to assess whether there is scientific evidence of the impact of TDI treatment on OHRQoL of children, adolescents, and their families. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted selecting articles from PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, Cochrane Library, and Virtual Health Library until May 22nd, 2020. The gray literature, clinical trial registers, and a manual search were performed. Two independent reviewers selected the studies, extracted the data, and assessed the ROBINS-I risk of bias. A meta-analysis was performed using RevMan 5.4 program. The certainty of the evidence was evaluated using the GRADE system. RESULTS: In the electronic search, 413 abstracts and one registered study were found. After removing the duplicates and eligibility application, six studies were included. Individually, the studies presented low to moderate risk of bias and they found that TDI treatment reduces the negative impact on OHRQoL. In the meta-analysis, TDI treatment improved OHRQoL for 8- to 10-year-old children (p = .03; CI 5.19 [0.62, 9.75]) (detected by CPQ 8-10 questionnaire). In the perception of parents, the children, and adolescents who had suffered TDI also had their OHRQoL improved (p = .04; CI 14.77 [0.95, 28.60]) (detected by PPQ and P-CPQ questionnaire) but both evaluations had very low certainty of evidence. CONCLUSION: Treatment of traumatic dental injuries reduces the impact on the OHRQoL of children and adolescents. However, more studies are necessary to detect the TDI treatment influence on OHRQoL of preschoolers and in the family as well to estimate the effects due to outcomes that had a very low certainty of evidence (#CRD42018091210).

Evaluation of the impact of a dental trauma care program on oral health-related quality of life of children and their families.

BACKGROUND/AIM: A traumatic dental injury (TDI) may have physical and psychosocial consequences for children and their families, and it may impact their oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL). The aim of this study was to assess the OHRQoL of children affected by TDI and their families after enrollment in the Dental Trauma Care Program (DTCP). METHODS: This longitudinal clinical study involved a consecutive sample of 2- to 6-year-old children registered in the DTCP over a period of six years. Parents/caregivers were interviewed and the OHRQoL questionnaire was completed. The Brazilian version of the Early Childhood Oral Health Impact Scale (ECOHIS) was used before and after treatment. The Andreasen criteria were used to classify TDIs. The patients were treated (minimal intervention/invasive intervention) according to TDI severity (uncomplicated/complicated). Based on the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, the Wilcoxon non-parametric test was used to compare the ECOHIS total scale/subscales/domains before and after enrollment in the DTCP. The longitudinal changes were calculated using effect size measured by the Standardized Response Means (SRM). TDI severity and treatments were also evaluated. RESULTS: The total ECOHIS mean scores were 7.4 ± 9.2 and 0.8 ± 2.5, before and after TDI treatment (p < .001), respectively. ECOHIS scores dropped by 6.6 points after treatment, demonstrating a positive reduction in the impact on OHRQoL, as reflected by the satisfactory responsiveness of ECOHIS (0.9). The changes following treatment, independent of TDI severity and type of treatment, were significant (p < .001) in children and the family section. CONCLUSIONS: The impact of TDI on OHRQoL reduced after the enrollment of patients and their families in the DTCP.

Social and behavioural associated factors of actinic cheilitis in rural workers.

OBJECTIVE: This cross-sectional study aimed to evaluate the prevalence and factors potentially associated with the development of actinic cheilitis (AC) in Brazilian rural workers. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: A professional performed all physical examinations and evaluations using semi-structured questionnaires in 240 rural workers. RESULTS: Eighty-three participants were diagnosed with AC (34.6%). It was more prevalent among workers older than 45 years (3.29-10.96 95% IC; OR = 3.30; p = .0018), Caucasians (phototypes I and II) (4.78-16.12 95% IC; OR = 10.81; p < .0001), illiterate individuals (2.16-21.59 95% IC; OR = 10.43; p = .0037), those with 6 or fewer years of formal schooling (2.03-7.89 95% IC; OR = 4.63; p = .0013), those regularly using pesticides (1.58-6.64 95% IC; OR = 2.79; p = .0260) and those who used the private health service in their last appointment (1.17-3.54 95% IC; OR = 2.72; p = .0083). CONCLUSION: There was a substantial prevalence of AC among rural workers with advanced age, white skin, and illiteracy, those with lower levels of education, those who regularly use pesticides, and those who utilised private health services in their last appointment. Thus, healthcare strategies that include rural workers are required for the control and prevention of AC in both public and private health services.

Clinical and Social Variables Association on the Frequency of Intellectual Disability Persons to Dental Care

ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate the association of oral health indicators and social variables on the frequency of visit to the dentist by persons with intellectual disability (ID). Material and Methods: The study comprised a sample consisting of 149 participants with ID, aged from 11 to 29 years, from non-governmental institutions. Semi-structured interviews were held to collect sociodemographic and psychosocial information with their parents/guardians, followed by oral health evaluations in accordance with World Health Organization criteria. Crude analyses and multiple analysis were conducted to test whether oral health indicators and social data were predictors of the visit to dental care services. Results: In the multiple logistic regression model, individuals with lower DMF-t (OR=3.13; 95% CI=1.40-6.97) and those with less crowded housing (OR=2.33; 95% CI=1.06-5.12) presented less frequency of visits to oral health services. Conclusion: DMFT and crowded housing are associated to the frequency of persons with intellectual disability to dental care as well as this outcome measure affects the oral health of persons with ID. Therefore, identifying limiting factors to dental care of persons with intellectual disability is needed so that this group can receive adequate attention.

Dental caries surveys: considerations about reproducibility / Inquéritos de cárie dentária: considerações sobre a reprodutibilidade

Aim:To evaluate the impact of the recording of teeth whose clinical conditions rarely vary (anterior teeth and third molars) in inter-examiner agreement measurements. Methods:Clinical data from 56 schoolchildren, 12 years of age, previously collected by two examiners, according to the "Oral Health Surveys: basic methods" codes and criteria, were analyzed in the present study. The effects from including/excluding such teeth upon reproducibility were measured by general percentage agreement (GPA) and Kappa statistics (к) performances. Results: The exclusion of anterior teeth associated with the inclusion of third molars produced a decrease in GPA that was simultaneous to an increase in the weighted Kappa (nominal data) and simple (dichotomous data) values. The incorrect inclusion of third molars (GPA = 100%; к = + 1) in the reproducibility measurement artificially increased the inter-examiner Kappa values. Conclusion: The inclusion/exclusion of anterior teeth and third molars, seeking a more reliable agreement among examiners, can have a positive or negative impact on the measured reproducibility values. A clear warning about the impact of including third molars in the reproducibility measurement, in the 12 years old age group, should be performed in "Oral Health Surveys: basic methods" and similar manuals.

Objetivo: Avaliar o impacto do registro de dentes anteriores e terceiros molares, cujas condições clínicas pouco variam, sobre as mensurações de concordância inter-examinadores. Métodos: Dados clínicos de 56 escolares de 12 anos de idade, previamente coletados por 2 examinadores, segundo os códigos e critérios expressos no "Levantamentos em Saúde Bucal: métodos básicos" foram analisados neste estudo. Os efeitos da inclusão/exclusão destes dentes sobre a concordância inter-examinadores foram mensurados calculando-se a porcentagem geral de concordância (GPA) e estatística Kappa (к). Resultados:A inclusão de terceiros molares aumentou a GPA para dados dicotomizados ou não. A exclusão de dentes anteriores diminuiu a GPA para dados dicotomizados ou não. Quando associada à inclusão de terceiros molares, sob perfeita concordância (к = +1), os valores de Kappa foram artificialmente aumentados tanto para dados dicotomizados quanto não-dicotomizados. Conclusão: A inclusão/exclusão de dentes anteriores e/ou de terceiros molares, no sentido de se evidenciar melhor as discordâncias entre examinadores, podem impactar positiva ou negativamente sobre a fidedignidade da reprodutibilidade mensurada. Uma advertência clara sobre o impacto da inclusão dos dentes terceiros molares no cálculo da reprodutibilidade, para a faixa etária de 12 anos, deveria estar presente no "Levantamentos em Saúde Bucal: métodos básicos" e manuais semelhantes.

The influence of the Brazilian school health program on the oral-health-related quality of life of adolescents.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of the Brazilian School Health Program (SHP) on dental clinical disorders such as caries, gingivitis, and dental trauma as well as on the oral-health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) of adolescents in Nova Friburgo, RJ, Brazil. The study consisted of a non-probabilistic (convenience) sample comprising 319 12-year-old adolescents, both participants and non-participants of the SHP, for at least two years. Socio-demographic and OHRQoL questionnaires (CPQ11-14, the Child Perceptions Questionnaire) were applied as well as clinical examinations for caries, periodontal disease, and dental trauma following the World Health Organization (WHO) criteria by calibrated researchers. Mann-Whitney, chi-square tests, and multiple logistic regression models were used for the data analysis. Statistically significant differences were observed between the groups covered and not covered by the SHP for gingivitis (p = 0.0373) and OHRQoL on the social welfare subscale (p = 0.0265) and total scale (p = 0.0449) of CPQ11-14. Multivariate analysis showed that female adolescents were 1.74 times more likely to present a lower OHRQoL (OR = 1.74, 95%IC = 1.10-2.77, p = 0.0183) than males. In addition, non-SHP subjects were 1.56 times more likely to have poor OHRQoL (OR = 1.56, 95%IC = 0.94-2.59, p = 0.0873) than program participants. In conclusion, SHP positively influenced the OHRQoL of adolescents. However, follow-up studies are needed to verify the continued effectiveness of this Brazilian SHP in improving the oral health levels and quality of life of adolescents.

Effects of oral health promotion programmes on adolescents' oral health-related quality of life: A systematic review.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effects of oral health promotion programmes (OHPP) on adolescents' oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL). METHODS: An electronic search was performed in five databases (MEDLINE via PubMed, Scopus, Virtual Health Library, Web of Science, Cochrane, Grey Literature databases), and specific indexers were used in the manual search. Clinical/community trials, cross-sectional or cohort studies, published in any language, were included. Studies meeting the inclusion criteria were analysed for quality and bias risk. RESULTS: From a total of 2343 abstracts, 4 articles were selected for quality evaluation including 2 studies classified with low, 1 with moderate and 1 with high methodological quality. The qualitative synthesis showed some methodological biases and heterogeneous interventions. Effective OHPP improve OHRQoL. The association of educational and dental care strategies generated greater positive effects on OHRQoL than those related only to treatment or isolated educational practices. CONCLUSION: Although studies showed positive effects of OHPP on adolescents' OHRQoL, both their shortage and low methodological quality indicates the need for developing other well-designed studies to investigate the present question. Record number in PROSPERO database (CRD42018084434).

The influence of the Brazilian school health program on the oral-health-related quality of life of adolescents

Abstract The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of the Brazilian School Health Program (SHP) on dental clinical disorders such as caries, gingivitis, and dental trauma as well as on the oral-health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) of adolescents in Nova Friburgo, RJ, Brazil. The study consisted of a non-probabilistic (convenience) sample comprising 319 12-year-old adolescents, both participants and non-participants of the SHP, for at least two years. Socio-demographic and OHRQoL questionnaires (CPQ11-14, the Child Perceptions Questionnaire) were applied as well as clinical examinations for caries, periodontal disease, and dental trauma following the World Health Organization (WHO) criteria by calibrated researchers. Mann-Whitney, chi-square tests, and multiple logistic regression models were used for the data analysis. Statistically significant differences were observed between the groups covered and not covered by the SHP for gingivitis (p = 0.0373) and OHRQoL on the social welfare subscale (p = 0.0265) and total scale (p = 0.0449) of CPQ11-14. Multivariate analysis showed that female adolescents were 1.74 times more likely to present a lower OHRQoL (OR = 1.74, 95%IC = 1.10-2.77, p = 0.0183) than males. In addition, non-SHP subjects were 1.56 times more likely to have poor OHRQoL (OR = 1.56, 95%IC = 0.94-2.59, p = 0.0873) than program participants. In conclusion, SHP positively influenced the OHRQoL of adolescents. However, follow-up studies are needed to verify the continued effectiveness of this Brazilian SHP in improving the oral health levels and quality of life of adolescents.

Temporomandibular disorders and relationship with socio-demographic and clinical variables in a University of the state of Rio de Janeiro / Disfunções temporomandibulares e a relação com determinantes sócio-demográficos e clínicos em uma universidade do estado do Rio de Janeiro

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: This study aimed at identifying the prevalence of suspected temporomandibular disorders in employees and students of a Brazilian university and at evaluating the influence of socio-demographic and clinical variables on this disorder. METHODS: This study had a non-probabilistic sample of 575 volunteers who were evaluated by a questionnaire proposed by the American Academy of Orofacial Pain. RESULTS: Suspected temporomandibular disorder was present in 60.87% of the population. By means of multiple logistic regression analysis, just clinical variables were associated to the presence of suspected temporomandibular disorder, such as: headache, neck pain or teethache (OR=47.60), stiff, tight or regularly tired jaws (OR=13.37), mouth opening difficulty (OR=13.55) and pain around the ears, temples or cheeks (OR=4.61). CONCLUSION: The questionnaire was effective as a pre-screening tool to identify symptoms, and results support the importance of clinical symptoms for the identification and follow up of patients with such disorders.

RESUMO JUSTIFICATIVA E OBJETIVOS: O objetivo deste estudo foi identificar a prevalência de suspeita de disfunção temporomandibular em funcionários e estudantes em uma universidade no Brasil e analisar a influência das variáveis sócio-demográficas e clínicas sobre essa disfunção. MÉTODOS: Este estudo teve uma amostra não probabilística compreendendo 575 voluntários que foram avaliadas por um questionário, proposto pela Academia Americana de Dor Orofacial. RESULTADOS: A suspeita de disfunção temporomandibular estava presente em 60,87% da população. Por meio da análise de regressão logística múltipla, apenas variáveis clínicas foram associadas com a presença de suspeita de disfunção temporomandibular, como: apresentar cefaleia, dores no pescoço ou nos dentes (OR=47,60), maxilares rígidos, apertados ou cansados com regularidade (OR=13,37), dificuldade na abertura da boca (OR=13,55) e dor ao redor das orelhas, têmporas ou bochecha (OR=4,61). CONCLUSÃO: O questionário foi eficaz como um instrumento de pré-triagem no levantamento dos sintomas; e os resultados suportam o ponto forte dos sintomas clínicos na identificação e acompanhamento de indivíduos com tais lesões.

Ensino e Aprendizagem em Odontologia: Análise de Sujeitos e Práticas / Teaching and Learning in Dentistry: Analysis of Individuals and Practices

RESUMO O presente estudo pedagógico objetivou investigar o processo de formação em Odontologia com base na visão dos gestores, docentes e discentes de um curso de Odontologia em uma instituição de ensino superior (IES) – Faculdade de Odontologia do Instituto de Saúde de Nova Friburgo da Universidade Federal Fluminense (FO/ISNF/UFF). A amostra não probabilística foi composta por 98 sujeitos (8 gestores, 28 docentes e 62 alunos), que foram entrevistados ou responderam a questionários semiestruturados. A análise dos resultados foi realizada por meio da técnica do Discurso do Sujeito Coletivo (DSC) e representações sociais. Os resultados apontaram que 49,0% e 76,5% do corpo docente e discente da IES não têm conhecimento sobre as Diretrizes Curriculares Nacionais (DCN). As sugestões de melhoria incluíram a oferta de cursos de formação continuada em docência, inclusive a respeito das DCN, melhorias na infraestrutura do campus universitário e uma relação professor/aluno mais compatível. O estudo permitiu verificar algumas deficiências nas práticas e posturas, percebidas pelos sujeitos entrevistados. Entretanto, parece haver uma relevante preocupação de alguns sobre um alinhamento do Projeto Político Pedagógico (PPP) com as DCN.

ABSTRACT This pedagogical study aimed to investigate the training process in dentistry, from the perspective of managers, teachers and students of a dentistry course at a Higher Education Institution (HEI) – the Fluminense Federal University (CNF-UFF) Dental School – Nova Friburgo Campus. A non-probabilistic sample was comprised of 98 subjects (8 managers, 28 teachers and 62 students) who completed questionnaires. The analysis was performed using the Collective Subject Discourse technique (DCS) and social representations. The results showed that 49% and 76.5% of the professors and students of HEI, respectively, do not know about the NCGs (National Curricular Guidelines). The suggestions for improvement included the provision of teacher training courses, including subjects for discussions such as NCGs, improvements in campus infrastructure and a more compatible student-teacher ratio. Therefore, the study showed some shortcomings in the practices and attitudes perceived by managers, teachers and students. However, some people seem to be duly concerned about the alignment of the Pedagogical Political Project (PPP) with the NCGs.

Analysis of clinical, demographic, socioeconomic, and psychosocial determinants of quality of life of persons with intellectual disability: a cross-sectional Study.

AIMS: To evaluate the perception of parents about the impact of oral problems in their children, and of demographic, socioeconomic and psychosocial factors on the oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) of Brazilian adolescents and young adults with intellectual disability (ID), in 2014. METHODS: The sample consisted of 119 individuals. Data collection was performed in stages: calibration and pilot study; Application of questionnaires; Exam of caries, periodontal and need for dental prostheses, in accordance with the World Health Organization criteria. The data were subjected to both bivariate and multivariate analyses to test the association of independent variables with the dependent variable (QoL). RESULTS: Worse QoL was associated with the presence of periodontal pocket (p = 0.03; OR = 2.50; 95% CI 1.06 to 5.90), treatment need (p = 0.01; OR = 5.00; 95% CI 1.37 to 18.31), and need for dental prostheses (p = 0.03; OR = 2.89; 95% CI 1.13 to 7.37). CONCLUSION: It was concluded that clinical determinants had the greatest influence on OHRQoL of individuals with ID.

Interexaminer agreement dental caries epidemiological surveys: the importance of disease prevalence in the sample.

OBJECTIVE: To identify desirable characteristics, including different sample sizes and dental caries prevalences, in virtual samples that allow, at the same time, higher values of general agreement percentage (GPA) and Kappa coefficient (κ), under a low confidence interval (CI), in reproducibility studies. METHOD: A total of 384 statistical simulations of inter-examiner calibration, varying sample size (12, 15, 20, 60, 200 and 500 individuals), caries prevalence (30, 50, 60 and 90%) and percentages of positive (PA) and negative (NA) agreement (30, 50, 60 and 90%) were undertaken. GPA and κ were used to measure reproducibility and define deviation between them. RESULTS: The sample of 60 individuals, under caries prevalence of 50%, PA and NA of 90%, presented a GPA and Kappa values of 90 and 80%, respectively, a relative small confidence interval (95%CI 0.65 - 0.95) and a GPA/Kappa deviation of 10.00. CONCLUSION: A virtual sample of 60 individuals, under caries prevalence of 50%, seems feasible to produce a satisfactory interexaminer agreement at epidemiological conditions. However, epidemiological studies to corroborate or refute this assertion are necessary.