PRIORITI: Phase 4 study of triptorelin or active surveillance in high-risk prostate cancer.

AIM: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of triptorelin after radical prostatectomy (RP) in patients with negative lymph nodes. METHODS: PRIORITI (NCT01753297) was a prospective, open-label, randomized, controlled, phase 4 study conducted in China and Russia. Patients with high-risk (Gleason score ≥ 8 and/or pre-RP prostate-specific antigen [PSA] ≥ 20 ng/mL and/or primary tumor stage 3a) prostate adenocarcinoma without evidence of lymph node or distant metastases were randomized to receive triptorelin 11.25 mg at baseline (≤ 8 weeks after RP) and at 3 and 6 months, or active surveillance. The primary endpoint was biochemical relapse-free survival (BRFS), defined as the time from randomization to biochemical relapse (BR; increased PSA > 0.2 ng/mL). Patients were monitored every 3 months for at least 36 months; the study ended when 61 BRs were observed. RESULTS: The intention-to-treat population comprised 226 patients (mean [standard deviation] age, 65.3 [6.4] years), of whom 109 and 117 were randomized to triptorelin or surveillance, respectively. The median BRFS was not reached. The 25th percentile time to BRFS (95% confidence interval) was 39.1 (29.9-not estimated) months with triptorelin and 30.0 (18.6-42.1) months with surveillance (p = 0.16). There was evidence of a lower risk of BR with triptorelin versus surveillance but this was not statistically significant at the 5% level (p = 0.10). Chemical castration was maintained at month 9 in 93.9% of patients who had received triptorelin. Overall, triptorelin was well tolerated and had an acceptable safety profile. CONCLUSION: BRFS was observed to be longer with triptorelin than surveillance, but the difference was not statistically significant.

Enhanced Ferromagnetism and Tunable Magnetic Anisotropy in a van der Waals Ferromagnet.

2D van der Waals (vdW) magnets have recently emerged as a promising material system for spintronic device innovations due to their intriguing phenomena in the reduced dimension and simple integration of magnetic heterostructures without the restriction of lattice matching. However, it is still challenging to realize Curie temperature far above room temperature and controllable magnetic anisotropy for spintronics application in 2D vdW magnetic materials. In this work, the pressure-tuned dome-like ferromagnetic-paramagnetic phase diagram in an iron-based 2D layered ferromagnet Fe3GaTe2 is reported. Continuously tunable magnetic anisotropy from out-of-plane to in-plane direction is achieved via the application of pressure. Such behavior is attributed to the competition between intralayer and interlayer exchange interactions and enhanced DOS near the Fermi level. The study presents the prominent properties of pressure-engineered 2D ferromagnetic materials, which can be used in the next-generation spintronic devices.

The preparation of edible water-soluble films comprising κ-carrageenan/carboxymethyl starch/gum ghatti and their application in instant coffee powder packaging.

This study successfully prepared an edible packaging film that rapidly dissolves in water by utilizing a combination of κ-carrageenan, carboxymethyl starch, and gum ghatti. We investigated the influence of these three materials on the microstructure and physical properties of the film, as well as the impact of the film's dissolution on the stability of beverages. SEM, FTIR, and XRD analyses revealed that the κ-carrageenan, carboxymethyl starch, and gum ghatti primarily interacted through hydrogen bonding, resulting in a more uniform and dense film structure. Surface hydrophilicity and swelling tests indicated an increased presence of hydrophilic groups in the composite film. The inclusion of carboxymethyl starch and gum ghatti significantly improves the film's physical properties, resulting in a notable reduction in water solubility time, an increase in elongation at break from 19.5 % to 26.0 %, a rise in the contact angle from 49.1° to 67.0°, and a decrease in water vapor permeability from 7.5 × 10-10 to 6.2 × 10-10 g/m·s·Pa. Furthermore, coffee packaging bags made from this composite film dissolved entirely in hot water in just 40 s. Dissolving these bags significantly improved the stability of instant coffee, reducing centrifugal sedimentation from 3.8 % to 1.7 %. This study highlights the substantial potential of the κ-carrageenan/carboxymethyl starch/gum ghatti composite film as a packaging material for solid beverages.

Comparison of early postoperative patient-reported outcomes after multiportal robotic-assisted thoracoscopic surgery and uniportal video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery for non-small cell lung cancer.

INTRODUCTION: We aimed to compare early postoperative patient-reported outcomes between multiportal robotic-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (M-RATS) and uniportal video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (U-VATS) for non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Symptom severity and functional status were measured using the Perioperative Symptom Assessment for Lung Surgery at pre-surgery, during postoperative hospitalisation, and within 4 weeks of discharge. A propensity score-matched (PSM) analysis of patients with NSCLC who were treated with M-RATS and U-VATS was performed. The symptom severity and daily functional status presented as proportion of moderate-to-severe scores on a 0-10-point scale, were compared using a generalised estimation equation model. RESULTS: We enrolled 762 patients with NSCLC from a prospective cohort (CN-PRO-Lung 3), including 151 and 611 who underwent M-RATS and U-VATS, respectively, before PSM analysis. After 1:1 PSM, two groups of 148 patients each were created. Pain severity (P = 0.019) and activity limitation (P = 0.001) during hospitalisation were higher in the M-RATS group. However, no significant differences existed post-discharge in pain (P = 0.383), cough (P = 0.677), shortness of breath (P = 0.526), disturbed sleep (P = 0.525), drowsiness (P = 0.304), fatigue (P = 0.153), distress (P = 0.893), walking difficulty (P = 0.242), or activity limitation (P = 0.513). M-RATS caused less intraoperative blood loss (P = 0.013), more stations of dissected lymph nodes (P = 0.001), more numbers of dissected lymph nodes (P = 0.001), and less tube drainage on the first postoperative day (P = 0.003) than U-VATS. CONCLUSION: M-RATS and U-VATS achieved comparable symptom burden and functional impairment after discharge. However, compared to U-VATS, M-RATS was associated with more severe pain and activity limitation in the short postoperative period. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: ChiCTR2000033016.

Electroencephalographic insights into the pathophysiological mechanisms of emergence delirium in children and corresponding clinical treatment strategies.

Emergence delirium is a common postoperative complication in patients undergoing general anesthesia, especially in children. In severe cases, it can cause unnecessary self-harm, affect postoperative recovery, lead to parental dissatisfaction, and increase medical costs. With the widespread use of inhalation anesthetic drugs (such as sevoflurane and desflurane), the incidence of emergence delirium in children is gradually increasing; however, its pathogenesis in children is complex and unclear. Several studies have shown that age, pain, and anesthetic drugs are strongly associated with the occurrence of emergence delirium. Alterations in central neurophysiology are essential intermediate processes in the development of emergence delirium. Compared to adults, the pediatric nervous system is not fully developed; therefore, the pediatric electroencephalogram may vary slightly by age. Moreover, pain and anesthetic drugs can cause changes in the excitability of the central nervous system, resulting in electroencephalographic changes. In this paper, we review the pathogenesis of and prevention strategies for emergence delirium in children from the perspective of brain electrophysiology-especially for commonly used pharmacological treatments-to provide the basis for understanding the development of emergence delirium as well as its prevention and treatment, and to suggest future research direction.

Diagnosis and Treatment of Presumed Naltrexone-XR-precipitated Opioid Withdrawal in a Patient Chronically Treated With Buprenorphine-XR: A Case Report.

ABSTRACT: Naltrexone, buprenorphine, and methadone are Food and Drug Administration-approved medications for the treatment of opioid use disorder in the United States. Naltrexone, an opioid antagonist, can precipitate opioid withdrawal if administered too quickly after the use of full or partial opioid agonists for those with either dependence or use disorder. We describe a case of severe precipitated opioid withdrawal syndrome after reported buprenorphine extended-release (XR) administration, despite the patient having been stable on buprenorphine-XR for several years, with no missed doses or recent opioid use. Naltrexone levels were sent and helped to diagnose suspected inadvertent naltrexone-XR administration in this patient, which was likely the etiology of his precipitated opioid withdrawal syndrome. We suggest the use of high-dose buprenorphine, as well as adjunctive medications including benzodiazepines, as a treatment strategy for naltrexone-XR precipitated withdrawal in the setting of chronic buprenorphine-XR treatment.

Insufficient Plasma Melatonin and Its Association With Neuropsychiatric Impairments in Patients With T2DM.

Purpose: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is associated with multiple neuropsychiatric impairments, including cognitive dysfunction, and melatonin (MLT) plays a crucial role in maintaining normal neuropsychiatric functions. This study is aimed at investigating the change in plasma MLT levels and its association with neuropsychiatric impairments in T2DM patients. Methods: One hundred twenty-six T2DM patients were recruited, and their demographics and clinical data were collected. Apart from the plasma glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels and other routine metabolic indicators, the plasma concentrations of MLT, C-reactive protein (CRP), Interleukin 6 (IL-6), soluble myeloid triggered receptor 1 (sTREM 1), and receptor 2 (sTREM 2) were measured. Moreover, the executive function and depressive tendency were evaluated via the Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function-Adult Version (BRIEF-A) and the Epidemiological Research Center Depression Scale (CES-D), respectively. Result: Compared with the low HbA1c group, the T2DM patients in the high HbA1c group presented lower plasma MLT levels but higher plasma concentrations of inflammatory biomarker levels, together with higher scores in the BRIEF-A and CES-D scales. Moreover, results of the Pearson correlation test showed that the plasma MLT levels were negatively correlated with the BRIEF-A and CES-D scores, as well as plasma concentrations of HbA1c and inflammatory indications, indicating that MLT may mediate their neuroinflammation and neuropsychiatric impairments. Furthermore, the ROC curve results indicated that plasma MLT levels have a predictive effect on executive impairment and depressive status in T2DM patients. Conclusion: MLT levels decreased in patients with T2DM and were associated with neuropsychiatric impairments and inflammatory status, and MLT might be developed as a therapeutic agent and predictive indicator for T2DM-associated executive impairment and depression status.

Repurposing GnRH-A as a Near-Infrared Fluorescent Probe for Diagnosis and Surgical Navigation of Breast Cancer Tumors and Metastases.

Breast cancer, globally the most common cancer in women, presents significant challenges in treatment. Breast-conserving surgery (BCS), a less traumatic and painful alternative to radical mastectomy, not only preserves the breast's appearance but also supports postsurgical functional recovery. However, accurately identifying tumors, precisely delineating margins, and thoroughly removing metastases remain complex surgical challenges, exacerbated by the limitations of current imaging techniques, including poor tumor uptake and low signal contrast. Addressing these challenges, our study developed a series of GnRHR-targeted probes (YQGN-n) for fluorescence imaging and surgical navigation of breast cancer through a drug repositioning strategy. Notably, YQGN-7, with its high cellular affinity (Kd of 217.8 nM), demonstrates exceptional selectivity and specificity for breast cancer tumors, surpassing traditional imaging agents like ICG in tumor uptake and pharmacokinetic properties. Furthermore, YQGN-7's effectiveness in surgical navigation, both for primary breast tumors and metastases, highlights its potential as a revolutionary tool in BCS.

Immobilizing Ordered Oxophilic Indium Sites on Platinum Enabling Efficient Hydrogen Oxidation in Alkaline Electrolyte.

Addressing the sluggish kinetics in the alkaline hydrogen oxidation reaction (HOR) is a pivotal yet challenging step toward the commercialization of anion-exchange membrane fuel cells (AEMFCs). Here, we have successfully immobilized indium (In) atoms in an orderly fashion into platinum (Pt) nanoparticles supported by reduced graphene oxide (denoted as O-Pt3In/rGO), significantly enhancing alkaline HOR kinetics. We have revealed that the ordered atomic matrix enables uniform and optimized hydrogen binding energy (HBE), hydroxyl binding energy (OHBE), and carbon monoxide binding energy (COBE) across the catalyst. With a mass activity of 2.3066 A mg-1 at an overpotential of 50 mV, over 10 times greater than that of Pt/C, the catalyst also demonstrates admirable CO resistance and stability. Importantly, the AEMFC implementing this catalyst as the anode catalyst has achieved an impressive power output compared to Pt/C. This work not only highlights the significance of constructing ordered oxophilic sites for alkaline HOR but also sheds light on the design of well-structured catalysts for energy conversion.

Variation and Interaction of Distinct Subgenomes Contribute to Growth Diversity in Intergeneric Hybrid Fish.

Intergeneric hybridization greatly reshapes regulatory interactions among allelic and non-allelic genes. However, their effects on growth diversity remain poorly understood in animals. In this study, we conducted whole-genome sequencing and RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) analyses in diverse hybrid varieties resulting from the intergeneric hybridization of goldfish (Carassius auratus red var.) and common carp (Cyprinus carpio). These hybrid individuals were characterized by distinct mitochondrial genomes and copy number variations. Through a weighted gene correlation network analysis, we identified 3693 genes as candidate growth-regulated genes. Among them, the expression of 3672 genes in subgenome R (originating from goldfish) displayed negative correlations with growth rate, whereas 20 genes in subgenome C (originating from common carp) exhibited positive correlations. Notably, we observed intriguing patterns in the expression of slc2a12 in subgenome C, showing opposite correlations with body weight that changed with water temperatures, suggesting differential interactions between feeding activity and weight gain in response to seasonal changes for hybrid animals. In 40.31% of alleles, we observed dominant trans-regulatory effects in the regulatory interaction between distinct alleles from subgenomes R and C. Integrating analyses of allelic-specific expression and DNA methylation data revealed that the influence of DNA methylation on both subgenomes shapes the relative contribution of allelic expression to the growth rate. These findings provide novel insights into the interaction of distinct subgenomes that underlie heterosis in growth traits and contribute to a better understanding of multiple allele traits in animals.

Storage protein SfSP8 mediates larval starvation tolerance of Spodoptera frugiperda.

BACKGROUND: Energy homeostasis is vital for insects to survive food shortages. This study investigated the starvation tolerance of Spodoptera frugiperda, which invaded China in 2019, focusing on its storage protein family, crucial for energy balance. 10 storage protein family members were identified and their expression patterns at different development stages and under different starvation stress were analyzed. METHODS AND RESULTS: We used qPCR to evaluate the expression levels of storage protein family members under various larval instars and starvation conditions. We discovered that, among above 10 members, only 2 storage proteins, SfSP8 and SfSP7 showed significant upregulation in response to starvation stress. Notably, SfSP8 upregulated markedly after 24 h of fasting, whereas SfSP7 exhibited a delayed response, with significant upregulation observed only after 72 h of starvation. Then we significantly reduced the starvation tolerance of larvae through RNAi-mediated knockdown of SfSP8 and also altered the starvation response of SfSP7 from a late to an early activation pattern. Finally, we constructed transgenic Drosophila melanogaster with heterologous overexpressing SfSP8 revealed that the starvation tolerance of the transgenic line was significantly stronger than that of wild-type lines. CONCLUSIONS: SfSP8 was the core storage protein member that mediated the starvation tolerance of larvae of S. frugiperda. Our study on the novel function of storage proteins in mediating larval starvation tolerance of S. frugiperda is conducive to understanding the strong colonization of this terrible invasive pest.

Acupuncture modulation of the ACE/Ang II/AT1R and ACE2/Ang(1-7)/MasR pathways in the rostral ventrolateral medulla reduces sympathetic output and prevents cardiac injury caused by SHR hypertension.

Acupuncture can reduce blood pressure, heart rate (HR), and ameliorate cardiac damage by modulating the excitability of the sympathetic nervous system, but the exact mechanism of this effect remains unclear. This study investigated the potential mechanisms of acupuncture in the treatment of cardiac damage in hypertension. Spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) were used as the hypertension model with Wistar-Kyoto rats as the control. Manual acupuncture, electroacupuncture, and metoprolol were used as interventions. Systolic and diastolic blood pressure (SBP, DBP) plus HR were monitored with cardiac structure determined using Masson staining. Angiotensin II (Ang II) and norepinephrine in myocardium were detected with ELISA as was Ang(1-7) and gamma aminobutyric acid (GABA) in the rostral ventrolateral medulla (RVLM). Expression of mRNA for collagen type I (Col-I), Col-III, actin α1 (ACTA1), and thrombospondin 4 (THBS4) in myocardium was detected using real-time PCR. Expression of angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE), Ang II, angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT1R), ACE2, and Mas receptor (MasR) proteins in RVLM was monitored using western blot. After manual acupuncture and electroacupuncture treatment, SHRs showed decreased SBP, DBP and HR, reduced myocardial damage. There was decreased expression of the ACE/Ang II/AT1R axis, and increased expression of the ACE2/Ang(1-7)/MasR axis within the RVLM. GABA levels were increased within the RVLM and norepinephrine levels were decreased in myocardial tissue. Metoprolol was more effective than either manual acupuncture or electroacupuncture. Acupuncture directed against hypertensive cardiac damage may be associated with regulation of ACE/Ang II/AT1R and the ACE2/Ang(1-7)/MasR pathway within the RLVM to reduce cardiac sympathetic excitability.

Clinical study of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio in hypertriglyceridemia-induced acute pancreatitis and acute biliary pancreatitis with persistent organ failure.

BACKGROUND: The neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) are novel inflammatory indicators that can be used to predict the severity and prognosis of various diseases. We categorize acute pancreatitis by etiology into acute biliary pancreatitis (ABP) and hypertriglyceridemia-induced acute pancreatitis (HTGP). AIM: To investigate the clinical significance of NLR and PLR in assessing persistent organ failure (POF) in HTGP and ABP. METHODS: A total of 1450 patients diagnosed with acute pancreatitis (AP) for the first time at Shanxi Bethune Hospital between January 2012 and January 2023 were enrolled. The patients were categorized into two groups according to the etiology of AP: ABP in 530 patients and HTGP in 241 patients. We collected and compared the clinical data of the patients, including NLR, PLR, and AP prognostic scoring systems, within 48 h of hospital admission. RESULTS: The NLR (9.1 vs 6.9, P < 0.001) and PLR (203.1 vs 160.5, P < 0.001) were significantly higher in the ABP group than in the HTGP group. In the HTGP group, both NLR and PLR were significantly increased in patients with severe AP and those with a SOFA score ≥ 3. Likewise, in the ABP group, NLR and PLR were significantly elevated in patients with severe AP, modified computed tomography severity index score ≥ 4, Japanese Severity Score ≥ 3, and modified Marshall score ≥ 2. Moreover, NLR and PLR showed predictive value for the development of POF in both the ABP and HTGP groups. CONCLUSION: NLR and PLR vary between ABP and HTGP, are strongly associated with AP prognostic scoring systems, and have predictive potential for the occurrence of POF in both ABP and HTGP.

Pre-trained multimodal large language model enhances dermatological diagnosis using SkinGPT-4.

Large language models (LLMs) are seen to have tremendous potential in advancing medical diagnosis recently, particularly in dermatological diagnosis, which is a very important task as skin and subcutaneous diseases rank high among the leading contributors to the global burden of nonfatal diseases. Here we present SkinGPT-4, which is an interactive dermatology diagnostic system based on multimodal large language models. We have aligned a pre-trained vision transformer with an LLM named Llama-2-13b-chat by collecting an extensive collection of skin disease images (comprising 52,929 publicly available and proprietary images) along with clinical concepts and doctors' notes, and designing a two-step training strategy. We have quantitatively evaluated SkinGPT-4 on 150 real-life cases with board-certified dermatologists. With SkinGPT-4, users could upload their own skin photos for diagnosis, and the system could autonomously evaluate the images, identify the characteristics and categories of the skin conditions, perform in-depth analysis, and provide interactive treatment recommendations.

In Situ Polymerized Zwitterionic Copolymer Ionic Gel Electrolytes with High Performance for Lithium-Ion Batteries.

Gel electrolytes are a promising research direction due to their high safety. However, its poor room temperature conductivity along with complex preparation process hinder its practical application. In this article, a type of zwitterionic gel electrolyte is prepared by in situ polymerization. The introduction of charged but nonmigrating zwitterionic copolymer in the polymer chain is beneficial to the dissociation of the lithium salt, improving the ion transport of the electrolyte on this account. At room temperature, the conductivity of lithium ion reaches 9.1 × 10-4 S cm-1, which contributes to achieve excellent electrochemical performance at high rates. The assembled Li|LiFePO4 cell also shows a capacity retention rate of 90.5% after 150 cycles at 0.5 C at room temperature as well as remarkable cycle stability at 1 C. These offer a novel tactic for the efficient and safe commercial application of lithium-ion batteries.

Analysis of risk factors and construction of a prediction model for posttraumatic stress disorder among Chinese college students during the COVID-19 pandemic.

BACKGROUND: To explore the risk factors of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) among Chinese college students during the COVID-19 pandemic and the construction and validation of risk prediction models. METHODS: A total of 10,705 university students were selected for the study. The questionnaire included the Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7 (GAD-7), Patient Health Questionnaire 9 (PHQ-9), PTSD Checklist for DSM-5 (PCL-5), and self-designed questionnaire. These assessments were conducted to facilitate the survey, construct the predictive model and validate the model's validity. RESULTS: Sex, left-behind experience, poverty status, anxiety score, and depression score were identified as independent risk factors influencing psychological trauma among Chinese college students during the COVID-19 pandemic, while COVID-19 infection emerged as a protective factor against psychological trauma. A column chart was constructed to visualize the six independent risk factors derived from logistic regression analysis. The Hosmer-Lemeshow test results (χ2 = 13.021, P = 0.111) indicated that the risk prediction model fitted well. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve showed an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.864 in the model group and 0.855 in the validation group. The calibration curves of the model closely resembled the ideal curve. Decision curve analysis (DCA) revealed that the model provided net benefit and demonstrated good clinical utility. LIMITATIONS: The validation of the model is currently restricted to internal assessments. However, further confirmation through larger sample sizes, multicenter investigations, and prospective studies is necessary. CONCLUSIONS: The model effectively predicted PTSD risk among Chinese college students during the COVID-19 pandemic, indicating strong clinical applicability.

Epitaxial Integration of Transferable High-κ Dielectric and 2D Semiconductor.

The synthesis of high-dielectric-constant (high-κ) dielectric materials and their integration with channel materials have been the key challenges in the state-of-the-art transistor architecture, as they can provide strong gate control and low operating voltage. For next-generation electronics, high-mobility two-dimensional (2D) layered semiconductors with dangling-bond-free surfaces and an atomic-thick thickness are being explored as channel materials to achieve shorter channel lengths and less interfacial scattering. Nowadays, the integration of high-κ dielectrics with high-mobility 2D semiconductors mainly relies on atomic layer deposition or transfer stacking, which may cause several undesirable problems, such as channel damage and interface traps. Here, we demonstrate the integration of high-mobility 2D semiconducting Bi2O2Se with transferable high-κ SrTiO3 as a 2D field-effect transistor by direct epitaxial growth. Remarkably, such 2D heterostructures can be efficiently transferred from the water-soluble Sr3Al2O6 sacrificial layer onto arbitrary substrates. The as-fabricated 2D Bi2O2Se/SrTiO3 transistors exhibit an on/off ratio over 104 and a subthreshold swing down to 90 mV/dec. Furthermore, the 2D Bi2O2Se/SrTiO3 heterostructures can be easily transferred onto flexible polyethylene terephthalate (PET) substrates, and the as-fabricated transistors exhibit good potential in flexible electronics. Our study opens up a new avenue for the integration of high-κ dielectrics with high-mobility 2D semiconductors and paves the way for the exploration of multifunctional electronic devices.

Integrated Lactylome Characterization Reveals the Molecular Dynamics of Protein Regulation in Gastrointestinal Cancers.

Lysine lactylation (Kla) plays a vital role in several physiological processes. However, the cancer-specific modulation of Kla in gastrointestinal (GI) tumors requires systematic elucidation. Here, global lactylome profiling of cancerous and adjacent tissues is conducted from 40 patients with GI cancer and identified 11698 Kla sites. Lactylome integration revealed that Kla affects proteins involved in hallmark cancer processes, including epigenetic rewiring, metabolic perturbations, and genome instability. Moreover, the study revealed pan-cancer patterns of Kla alterations, among which 37 Kla sites are consistently upregulated in all four GI cancers and are involved in gene regulation. It is further verified that lactylation of CBX3 at K10 mediates its interaction of CBX3 with the epigenetic marker H3K9me3 and facilitates GI cancer progression. Overall, this study provides an invaluable resource for understanding the lactylome landscape in GI cancers, which may provide new paths for drug discovery for these devastating diseases.

Exercise perspective: Benefits and mechanisms of gut microbiota on the body. / è¿åŠ¨è§’åº¦ï¼šè‚ é“èŒç¾¤å¯¹æœºä½“çš„ç›Šå¤„åŠå ¶æœºåˆ¶.

Gut microbiota refers to the vast and diverse community of microorganisms residing in the intestines. Factors such as genetics, environmental influences (e.g., exercise, diet), and early life experiences (e.g., infant feeding methods) can all affect the ecological balance of gut microbiota within the body. Dysbiosis of the gut microbiota is associated with extra-intestinal diseases such as Parkinson's syndrome, osteoporosis, and autoimmune diseases, suggesting that disturbances in gut microbiota may be one of the causes of these diseases. Exercise benefits various diseases, with gut microbiota playing a role in regulating the nervous, musculoskeletal, and immune systems. Gut microbiota can impact the body's health status through the gut-brain axis, gut-muscle axis, and immune pathways. Moderate-intensity aerobic exercise can increase the quantity of gut microbiota and change microbial abundance, although short-term exercise does not significantly affect the alpha diversity of the microbiota. Resistance exercise also does not have a significant regulatory effect on gut microbiota.