Prognostic Significance of Ribosome-related Genes Signature in Diffuse Large B Cell Lymphoma.

Background: The diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is a heterogeneous lymphoma with a dismal outcome, due to approximately 40% patients will be relapsed or refractory to the standard therapy of rituximab plus cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine and prednisone (R-CHOP). Therefore, we need urgently to explore the approach to classify the risk of DLBCL patients accurately and accurately targeting therapy. The ribosome is a vital cellular organelle that is mainly responsible for translation mRNA into protein, moreover, more and more reports revealed that ribosome was associated with cellular proliferation and tumorigenesis. Therefore, our study aimed to construct a prognostic model of DLBCL patients using ribosome-related genes (RibGs). Method: We screened differentially expressed RibGs between healthy donors' B cells and DLBCL patients' malignant B cells in GSE56315 dataset. Next, we performed analyses of univariate Cox regression, the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression and multivariate Cox regression analyses to establish the prognostic model consisting of 15 RibGs in GSE10846 training set. Then, we validated the model by a range of analyses including Cox regression, Kaplan-Meier survival, ROC curve, and nomogram in training and validation cohorts. Results: The RibGs model showed a reliably predictive capability. We found the upregulated pathways in high-risk group most associated with innate immune reaction such as interferon response, complement and inflammatory responses. In addition, a nomogram including age, gender, IPI score and risk score was constructed to help explain the prognostic model. We also discovered the high-risk patients were more sensitive to some certain drugs. Finally, knocking out the NLE1 could inhibit the proliferation of DLBCL cell lines. Conclusion: As far as we know, it is the first time to predict the prognosis of DLBCL using the RibGs and give a new sight for DLBCL treatment. Importantly, the RibGs model could be acted as a supplementary to the IPI in classifying the risk of DLBCL patients.

Identification of soil parent materials in naturally high background areas based on machine learning.

Recently, farmlands with high geological background of Cd derived from carbonate rock (CA) and black shale areas (BA) have received wide attention. However, although both CA and BA belong to high geological background areas, the mobility of soil Cd differs significantly between them. In addition to the difficulty in reaching the parent material in deep soil, it is challenging to perform land use planning in high geological background areas. This study attempts to determine the key soil geochemical parameters related to the spatial patterns of lithology and the main factors influencing the geochemical behavior of soil Cd, and ultimately uses them and machine-learning methods to identify CA and BA. In total, 10,814 and 4323 surface soil samples were collected from CA and BA, respectively. Hot spot analysis revealed that soil properties and soil Cd were significantly correlated with the underlying bedrock, except for TOC and S. Further research confirmed that the concentration and mobility of Cd in high geological background areas were mainly affected by pH and Mn. The soil parent materials were then predicted using artificial neural network (ANN), random forest (RF) and support vector machine (SVM) models. The ANN and RF models showed higher Kappa coefficients and overall accuracies than those of the SVM model, suggesting that ANNs and RF have the potential to predict soil parent materials from soil data, which might help in ensuring safe land use and coordinating activities in high geological background areas.

Detection of selenoprotein transcriptome in chondrocytes of patients with Kashin-Beck disease.

Background: Kashin-Beck disease (KBD) is a deformed osteochondral disease with a chronic progression that is restrictively distributed in eastern Siberia, North Korea, and some areas of China, and selenium deficiency has been identified as an important factor in the pathogenesis of this disease in recent years. Objective: The aim of this study is to investigate the selenoprotein transcriptome in chondrocytes and define the contribution of selenoprotein to KBD pathogenesis. Methods: Three cartilage samples were collected from the lateral tibial plateau of adult KBD patients and normal controls paired by age and sex for real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) to detect the mRNA expression of 25 selenoprotein genes in chondrocytes. Six other samples were collected from adult KBD patients and normal controls. In addition, immunohistochemistry was used on four adolescent KBD samples and seven normal controls (IHC) to determine the expression of proteins screened by RT-qPCR results that had different gene levels. Results: Increased mRNA expression of GPX1 and GPX3 was observed in chondrocytes, and stronger positive staining was displayed in the cartilage from both adult and adolescent patients. The mRNA levels of DIO1, DIO2, and DIO3 were increased in KBD chondrocytes; however, the percentage of positive staining decreased in the KBD cartilage of adults. Conclusion: The selenoprotein transcriptome, mainly the glutathione peroxidase (GPX) and deiodinase (DIO) families were altered in KBD and might play a vital role in the pathogenesis of KBD.

Starch fine molecular structures: The basis for designer rice with slower digestibility and desirable texture properties.

Development of whole rice with low glycaemic index has been achieved, however, these rices are frequently associated with a poor texture property. Recent advances in terms of understanding the importance of starch fine molecular structures on the starch digestibility/texture of cooked whole rice have shed new insights on mechanisms of starch digestibility and texture from molecular levels. With an extensive discussion on the correlative and causal relationships among starch molecular structure, texture and starch digestibility of cooked whole rice, this review identified desirable starch fine molecular structures contributing to both slow starch digestibility and preferable textures. For instance, the selection of rice variety having more amylopectin intermediate chains while less amylopectin long chains might help develop cooked whole rice with both slower starch digestibility and softer texture. The information could help rice industry transform cooked whole rice into a healthier food product with slow starch digestibility and desirable texture.

Highly efficient and rapid generation of human pluripotent stem cells by chemical reprogramming.

We recently demonstrated the chemical reprogramming of human somatic cells to pluripotent stem cells (hCiPSCs), which provides a robust approach for cell fate manipulation. However, the utility of this chemical approach is currently hampered by slow kinetics. Here, by screening for small molecule boosters and systematically optimizing the original condition, we have established a robust, chemically defined reprogramming protocol, which greatly shortens the induction time from ∼50 days to a minimum of 16 days and enables highly reproducible and efficient generation of hCiPSCs from all 17 tested donors. We found that this optimized protocol enabled a more direct reprogramming process by promoting cell proliferation and oxidative phosphorylation metabolic activities at the early stage. Our results highlight a distinct chemical reprogramming pathway that leads to a shortcut for the generation of human pluripotent stem cells, which represents a powerful strategy for human cell fate manipulation.

Low-Velocity Impact Resistance of 3D Re-Entrant Honeycomb Sandwich Structures with CFRP Face Sheets.

Lightweight sandwich structures have been receiving significant attention. By studying and imitating the structure of biomaterials, its application in the design of sandwich structures has also been found to be feasible. With inspiration from the arrangement of fish scales, a 3D re-entrant honeycomb was designed. In addition, a honeycomb stacking method is proposed. The resultant novel re-entrant honeycomb was utilized as the core of the sandwich structure in order to increase the impact resistance of the sandwich structure under impact loads. The honeycomb core is created using 3D printing. By using low-velocity impact experiments, the mechanical properties of the sandwich structure with Carbon-Fiber-Reinforced Polymer (CFRP) face sheets under different impact energies were studied. To further investigate the effect of the structural parameters on the structural, mechanical properties, a simulation model was developed. Simulation methods examined the effect of structural variables on peak contact force, contact time, and energy absorption. Compared to traditional re-entrant honeycomb, the impact resistance of the improved structure is more significant. Under the same impact energy, the upper face sheet of the re-entrant honeycomb sandwich structure sustains less damage and deformation. The improved structure reduces the upper face sheet damage depth by an average of 12% compared to the traditional structure. In addition, increasing the thickness of the face sheet will enhance the impact resistance of the sandwich panel, but an excessively thick face sheet may decrease the structure's energy absorption properties. Increasing the concave angle can effectively increase the energy absorption properties of the sandwich structure while preserving its original impact resistance. The research results show the advantages of the re-entrant honeycomb sandwich structure, which has certain significance for the study of the sandwich structure.

Effects of Particulate Matter on the Risk of Gestational Hypertensive Disorders and Their Progression.

Associations between particulate matter (PM) and gestational hypertensive disorders (GHDs) are well documented, but there is no evidence on the associations between PM and GHD progression, especially among those with assisted reproductive technology (ART) conceptions. To explore the effects of PM on the risk of GHDs and their progression among pregnant women with natural or ART conception, we enrolled 185,140 pregnant women during 2014-2020 in Shanghai and estimated the associations during different periods using multivariate logistic regression. During the 3 months of preconception, 10 µg/m3 increases in PM concentrations were associated with increased risks of gestational hypertension (GH) (PM2.5: aOR = 1.076, 95% CI: 1.034-1.120; PM10: aOR = 1.042, 95% CI: 1.006-1.079) and preeclampsia (PM2.5: aOR = 1.064, 95% CI: 1.008-1.122; PM10: aOR = 1.048, 95% CI: 1.006-1.092 ) among women with natural conception. Furthermore, for women with ART conceptions who suffered current GHD, 10 µg/m3 increases in PM concentrations in the third trimester elevated the risk of progression (PM2.5: aOR = 1.156, 95% CI: 1.022-1.306 ; PM10: aOR = 1.134, 95% CI: 1.013-1.270). In summary, women with natural conception should avoid preconceptional PM exposure to protect themselves from GH and preeclampsia. For women with ART conceptions suffering from GHD, it is necessary to avoid PM exposure in late pregnancy to prevent the disease from progressing.

Cortical inhibition function is associated with baseline suicidal symptoms and post-ketamine suicidal symptom reduction among patients with treatment-resistant depression and strong suicidal ideation.

BACKGROUND: Whether cortical excitation and inhibition functions differ between patients with treatment-resistant depression (TRD) and strong suicidal ideation (SI) and healthy subjects and whether 0.5 mg/kg ketamine infusion can modulate cortical excitation and inhibition functions among patients with TRD-SI remain unclear. METHODS: A total of 29 patients with TRD-SI and 35 age- and sex-matched healthy controls were assessed using paired-pulse transcranial magnetic stimulation. The patients were randomly assigned to receive either a single 0.5-mg/kg ketamine or 0.045-mg/kg midazolam infusion. Depressive and suicidal symptoms were assessed at baseline and 240 min after infusion. Intracortical facilitation (ICF), short-interval intracortical inhibition (SICI), and long-interval intracortical inhibition (LICI), all of which reflect cortical excitability and inhibition functions, were measured at the same time points. RESULTS: The patients with TRD-SI had lower ICF (p < 0.001) estimates (worse cortical excitatory function) and higher SICI (p = 0.032) and LICI (p < 0.001) estimates (worse cortical inhibitory function) compared with the control group. Higher SICI estimates at baseline were associated with greater baseline suicidal symptoms. No differences were found in the SICI, ICF, and LICI estimates at 240 min after the infusion between the two groups. Low-dose ketamine did not alter the cortical excitation and inhibition functions of the patients with TRD-SI. However, decreased SICI estimates (greater cortical inhibition function) were related to the reduction of suicidal symptoms. DISCUSSION: Dysfunction of cortical excitation and inhibition may play a crucial role in the pathomechanisms of TRD and suicidal symptoms. However, we found a lack of predictive ability of the baseline cortical excitation and inhibition parameters on the antidepressant and antisuicidal effect of low-dose ketamine infusion.

Melatonin protects retinal integrity through mediated immune homeostasis in the sodium iodate-induced mouse model of age-related macular degeneration.

BACKGROUND: Age-related macular degeneration is the leading cause of visual deficiency in older adults worldwide. Melatonin (MT) can potentially reduce retinal deterioration. However, the mechanism by which MT mediates regulatory T cells (Tregs) in the retina is not yet fully understood. METHODS: The transcriptome profiles of aged or young human retinal tissues from the GEO database were analyzed for MT-related gene expression. The pathological changes in the retina in the NaIO3-induced mouse model were quantitatively determined by staining with hematoxylin and eosin. Retinal whole-mounting immunofluorescence staining was conducted to determine the expression of the Treg-specific marker FOXP3. The phenotypes of M1/M2 macrophages were representing related gene markers in the retina. The GEO database includes biopsies from patients with retinal detachment for ENPTD1, NT5E, and TET2 gene expression. A pyrosequencing assay was performed for NT5E DNA methylation on human primary Tregs, and siTET2 transfection engineering was used. RESULTS: MT synthesis-related genes in retinal tissue may be affected by age. Our study shows that MT can effectively restore NaIO3-induced retinopathy and maintain retinal structural integrity. Importantly, MT may assist the conversion of M1 to M2 macrophages to promote tissue repair, which may be caused by the increased infiltration of Tregs. Moreover, MT treatment may upregulate TET2, and further NT5E demethylation is associated with Treg recruitment in the retinal microenvironment. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest that MT can effectively ameliorate retinal degeneration and regulate immune homeostasis via Tregs. Modulation of the immune response may provide a key therapeutic strategy.

Significance of anatomical resection and resection margin status in patients with hbv-related hepatocellular carcinoma and microvascular invasion: A multicenter propensity score-matched study.

BACKGROUND: Microvascular invasion (MVI) is a risk factor for postoperative survival outcomes for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) after hepatectomy. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of anatomical resection (AR) versus non-anatomical resection (NAR) combined with resection margin (RM) (narrow RM <1 cm vs. wide RM ≥1 cm) on long-term prognosis in hepatitis B virus (HBV)-related HCC patients with MVI. METHODS: Data from multi-centers on HCC patients with MVI who underwent hepatectomy was analyzed retrospectively. Propensity score matching (PSM) analysis was performed in these patients. RESULTS: The 1965 enrolled patients were divided into four groups: AR with wide RM (n=715), AR with narrow RM (n=387), NAR with wide RM (n=568), and NAR with narrow RM (n=295). Narrow RM (P<0.001) and NAR (P<0.001) were independent risk factors for both overall survival (OS) and recurrence-free survival (RFS) in these patients based on multivariate analyses. For patients in both the AR and NAR groups, wide RM resulted in significantly lower operative margin recurrence rates than those patients in the narrow RM groups after PSM (P=0.002 and P=0.001). Patients in the AR with wide RM group had significantly the best median OS (78.9 vs. 51.5 vs. 48.0 vs. 36.7 mo, P<0.001) and RFS (23.6 vs. 14.8 vs. 17.8 vs. 9.0 mo, P<0.001) than those in the AR with narrow RM, NAR with wide RM or with narrow RM groups, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: If technically feasible and safe, AR combined with wide RM should be the recommended therapeutic strategy for HCC patients who are estimated preoperatively with a high risk of MVI.

Draft Genome and Biological Characteristics of Fusarium solani and Fusarium oxysporum Causing Black Rot in Gastrodia elata.

Gastrodia elata is a valuable traditional Chinese medicinal plant. However, G. elata crops are affected by major diseases, such as brown rot. Previous studies have shown that brown rot is caused by Fusarium oxysporum and F. solani. To further understand the disease, we studied the biological and genome characteristics of these pathogenic fungi. Here, we found that the optimum growth temperature and pH of F. oxysporum (strain QK8) and F. solani (strain SX13) were 28 °C and pH 7, and 30 °C and pH 9, respectively. An indoor virulence test showed that oxime tebuconazole, tebuconazole, and tetramycin had significant bacteriostatic effects on the two Fusarium species. The genomes of QK8 and SX13 were assembled, and it was found that there was a certain gap in the size of the two fungi. The size of strain QK8 was 51,204,719 bp and that of strain SX13 was 55,171,989 bp. Afterwards, through phylogenetic analysis, it was found that strain QK8 was closely related to F. oxysporum, while strain SX13 was closely related to F. solani. Compared with the published whole-genome data for these two Fusarium strains, the genome information obtained here is more complete; the assembly and splicing reach the chromosome level. The biological characteristics and genomic information we provide here lay the foundation for further research on G. elata brown rot.

T-Cell Repertoire Analysis in the Conjunctiva of Murine Dry Eye Model.

Purpose: Dry eye is closely related to the activation and proliferation of immune cells, especially T cells. However, the determination of the preferential T-cell clonotypes is technically challenging. This study aimed to investigate the characterization of T-cell receptor (TCR) repertoire in the conjunctiva during dry eye. Methods: A desiccating stress animal model was established using C57/BL6 mice (8-10 weeks, female). After 7 days of stress stimulation, the slit-lamp image and Oregon-green-dextran staining were used to evaluate the ocular surface injury. Periodic acid-Schiff staining was used to measure the number of goblet cells. Flow cytometry was used to detect the activation and proliferation of T cells in the conjunctiva and cervical lymph nodes. Next-generation sequencing was used to detect the αß TCR repertoire of the conjunctiva. Results: The αß TCR diversity increased significantly in the dry eye group, including the higher CDR3 amino acid length, marked gene usage on TCR V and J gene segments, extensive V(D)J recombination, and distinct CDR3 aa motifs. More important, several T-cell clonotypes were uniquely identified in dry eye. Furthermore, these perturbed rearrangements were reversed after glucocorticoid administration. Conclusions: A comprehensive analysis of the αß TCR repertoire in the conjunctiva of the dry eye mouse model was performed. Data in this study contributed significantly to the research on dry eye pathogenesis by demonstrating the TCR gene distribution and disease-specific TCR signatures. This study further provided some potential predictive T-cell biomarkers for future studies.

Influences of high hydrostatic pressure on structures and properties of mung bean starch and quality of cationic starch.

It is difficult to improve the quality of chemical-modified starch by traditional technology. Hence, in this study, mung bean starch with poor chemical activity was used as raw material, the native starch was treated and the cationic starch was prepared under high hydrostatic pressure (HHP) at 500 MPa and 40 °C. By studying the changes in the structure and properties of native starch after HHP treatment, the influence mechanism of HHP on improving the quality of cationic starch was analyzed. Results showed high pressure could make water and etherifying agent enter the starch granules through pores, and HHP made the structure of starch undergone three stages similar to mechanochemical effect. After HHP treated for 5 and 20 min, the degree of substitution, reaction efficiency and other qualities of cationic starch increased remarkably. Hence, proper HHP treatment could help to improve the chemical activity of starch and quality of cationic starch.

Discovery of novel tranylcypromine-based derivatives as LSD1 inhibitors for gastric cancer treatment.

As an important epigenetic regulator, histone lysine specific demethylase 1 (LSD1) has become an attractive target for the discovery of anticancer agents. In this work, a series of tranylcypromine-based derivatives were designed and synthesized. Among them, compound 12u exhibited the most potent inhibitory potency on LSD1 (IC50 = 25.3 nM), and also displayed good antiproliferative effects on MGC-803, KYSE450 and HCT-116 cells with IC50 values of 14.3, 22.8 and 16.3 µM, respectively. Further studies revealed that compound 12u could directly act on LSD1 and inhibit LSD1 in MGC-803 cells, thereby significantly increasing the expression levels of mono-/bi-methylation of H3K4 and H3K9. In addition, compound 12u could induce apoptosis and differentiation, inhibit migration and cell stemness in MGC-803 cells. All these findings suggested that compound 12u was an active tranylcypromine-based derivative as a LSD1 inhibitor that inhibited gastric cancer.

Comparison of clinical safety and efficacy of ultrasound-guided local lauromacrogol injection versus uterine artery embolization in the treatment of caesarean scar pregnancy: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

BACKGROUND: The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to introduce the relatively novel method of ultrasound-guided local lauromacrogol injection (USG-LLI) followed by dilatation and curettage for caesarean scar pregnancy (CSP) and to investigate the clinical safety and efficacy between uterine artery embolization (UAE) and USG-LLI in the treatment of CSP. METHODS: The relevant literature and articles about USG-LLI, UAE and CSP published in eight electronic databases were searched to extract the primary outcomes for the selected articles. Review Manager Software(RevMan) V.5.2 was used for quantitative data synthesis and data analysis. Forest plots, sensitivity analysis and bias analysis were also performed on the included articles. RESULTS: Of 10 studies included in our search, 623 patients were in the USG-LLI group and 627 patients were in the UAE groups. There were no significant differences between the two groups in terms of success rate, blood loss and time to human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) normalization. However, USG-LLI group patients than UAE group patients had a shorter duration of hospital stay (mean difference [MD] = -1.97; 95% confidence intervals [CI] -2.63 to -1.31; P < 0.05; I2 = 95%), shorter restored menses (MD = -4.84; 95%CI -5.78 to -3.90; P < 0.05; I2 = 95%), and lower complication rates [odds ratio(OR) = 0.21; 95%CI:0.15 to 0.30; P < 0.05]; and cheaper on expenses of hospitalization (MD = -8028.29; 95%CI -10,311.18 to -5745.40; P < 0.05; I2 = 100%). CONCLUSIONS: The results demonstrate that USG-LLI is comparable in curative effect and success rates with UAE in the therapy of CSP, but patients in the USG-LLI group seem to have fewer complications rates, shorter duration of hospital stays and lower costs.

Precise diagnosis and successful surgical intervention of the median arcuate ligament syndrome: A case report.

INTRODUCTION AND IMPORTANCE: The median arcuate ligament syndrome (MALS) is a rare disorder that produces a spectrum of symptoms due to compression of the arcuate ligament, clinically manifested primarily by abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, and weight loss. The mechanism of these symptoms has not yet been revealed, and the current treatment methods are still somewhat controversial. CASE PRESENTATION: We present a 54-year-old woman who presented with intermittent epigastric pain for nine months. During the onset, she lost 7.5 kg. After routine examinations in a nearby hospital, no abnormality was found. She was referred to us. CTA showed compression of the celiac artery. Further selective celiac angiography at the end of inspiration and expiration confirmed MALS. After consultation with the patient, the decision to have a laparotomy was made. The celiac artery was completely skeletonized, and external compression on the artery was released. Postoperative symptoms improved significantly. One-year follow-up after the operation, she had a weight gain of 4.8 kg and was satisfied with the surgical results. CLINICAL DISCUSSION: The manifestations of MALS are varied and challenging. Our patient presented with weight loss and intermittent abdominal pain. The mutual confirmation of multiple investigations can provide a more comprehensive overview of celiac artery compression. We confirmed using ultrasonography, CT angiography, and selective digital subtraction angiography in this case. The celiac artery compression was relieved after open surgery. Our patient's symptoms improved significantly after surgery. We hope our treatment method can provide a reference for MALS diagnosis and treatment. CONCLUSION: It is challenging to diagnose MALS. Cross-confirmation of multiple examinations can provide a more comprehensive view of celiac compression. Surgical decompression of the celiac artery (open or laparoscopic surgery) may be an effective therapy for MALS, especially in centers with experience.

Functionalized nickel(II)-iron(II) dithiolates as biomimetic models of [NiFe]-H2ases.

To develop the structural and functional modeling chemistry of [NiFe]-H2ases, a series of new biomimetics for the active site of [NiFe]-H2ases have been prepared by various synthetic methods. Treatment of the mononuclear Ni complex (pnp)NiCl2 (pnp = (Ph2PCH2)2NPh) with (dppv)Fe(CO)2(pdt) (dppv = 1,2-(Ph2P)2C2H2, pdt = 1,3-propanedithiolate) and KPF6 gave the dicarbonyl complex [(pnp)Ni(pdt)Fe(CO)2(dppv)](PF6)2 ([1](PF6)2). Further treatment of [1](PF6)2 and [(dppe)Ni(pdt)Fe(CO)2(dppv)](BF4)2 (dppe = 1,2-(Ph2P)2C2H4) with the decarbonylation agent Me3NO and pyridine afforded the novel sp3 C-Fe bond-containing complexes [(pnp)Ni(SCH2CH2CHS)Fe(CO)(dppv)]PF6 ([2]PF6) and [(dppe)Ni(SCH2CH2CHS)Fe(CO)(dppv)]BF4 ([3]BF4). More interestingly, the first t-carboxylato complexes [(pnp)Ni(pdt)Fe(CO)(t-O2CR)(dppv)]PF6 ([4]PF6, R = H; [5]PF6, R = Me; [6]PF6, R = Ph) could be prepared by reactions of [1]PF6 with the corresponding carboxylic acids RCO2H in the presence of Me3NO, whereas further reactions of [4]PF6-[6]PF6 with aqueous HPF6 and 1.5 MPa H2 gave rise to the µ-hydride complex [(pnp)Ni(pdt)Fe(CO)(µ-H)(dppv)]PF6 ([7]PF6). Except for H2 activation by t-carboxylato complexes [4]PF6-[6]PF6 to give a µ-hydride complex ([7]PF6), the sp3 C-Fe bond-containing complex [2]PF6 was found to be a catalyst for proton reduction to H2 under CV conditions. Furthermore, the chemical reactivity of the µ-hydride complex [7]PF6 displayed in the e- transfer reaction with FcPF6 in the presence of CO, the H2 evolution reaction with the protonic acid HCl, and the H- transfer reaction with N-methylacridinium hexafluorophosphate ([NMA]PF6) was systematically studied. As a result, a series of the expected products such as H2, ferrocene, the dicarbonyl complex [1](PF6)2, the µ-chloro complex [(pnp)Ni(pdt)Fe(CO)(µ-Cl)(dppv)]PF6 ([8]PF6), the t-MeCN-coordinated complex [(pnp)Ni(pdt)Fe(CO)(t-MeCN)(dppv)](PF6)2 ([9](PF6)2) and the H- transfer product AcrH2 were produced. While all the newly prepared model complexes were structurally characterized by spectroscopic methods, the molecular structures of some of their representatives were confirmed by X-ray crystallography.

A Heptacene Analogue Entailing a Quinoidal Benzodi[7]annulene (7/6/7 Ring) Core with a Tunable Configuration and Multiple Redox Properties.

Non-benzenoid acenes containing heptagons have received increasing attention. We herein report a heptacene analogue containing a quinoidal benzodi[7]annulene core. Derivatives of this new non-benzenoid acene were obtained through an efficient synthetic strategy involving an Aldol condensation and a Diels-Alder reaction as key steps. The configuration of this heptacene analogue can be modulated from a wavy to a curved one by just varying the substituents from a (triisopropylsilyl)ethynyl group to a 2,4,6-triisopropylphenyl (Trip) group. When mesityl (Mes) groups are linked to the heptagons, the resulting non-benzenoid acene displays polymorphism with a tunable configuration from a curved to a wavy one upon varying the crystallization conditions. In addition, this new non-benzenoid acene can be oxidized or reduced by NOSbF6 or KC8 to the respective radical cation or radical anion. Compared with the neutral acene, the radical anion shows a wavy configuration and the central hexagon becomes aromatic.

Research progress in the application of time in range: more than a percentage.

ABSTRACT: Glucose monitoring is an important part of medical care in diabetes mellitus, which not only helps assess glycemic control and treatment safety, but also assists with treatment adjustment. With the development of continuous glucose monitoring (CGM), the use of CGM has increased rapidly. With the wealth of glucose data produced by CGM, new metrics are greatly needed to optimally evaluate glucose status and guide the treatment. One of the parameters that CGM provides, time in range (TIR), has been recognized as a key metric by the international consensus. Before the adoption of TIR in clinical practice, several issues including the minimum length of CGM use, the setting of the target range, and individualized TIR goals are summarized. Additionally, we discussed the mounting evidence supporting the association between TIR and diabetes-related outcomes. As a novel glucose metric, it is of interest to compare TIR with other conventional glucose markers such as glycated hemoglobin A1c. It is anticipated that the use of TIR may provide further information on the quality of glucose control and lead to improved diabetes management.