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OBJECTIVE: This study investigated the effects of N-Acetylcysteine (NAC) combined with Ambroxol Hydrochloride (AH) on clinical symptoms, C-Reactive Protein (CRP), and Procalcitonin (PCT) levels in children with pneumonia. METHODS: A total of 98 children with pneumonia were assigned to the control group and observation group by random number table method. NAC was administered to the observation group and AH was given to the control group. The therapeutic effect was observed, the disappearance time of clinical symptoms and levels of inflammatory factors, lung function parameters, blood gas analysis parameters, and immunoglobulin were measured. The incidence of adverse reactions was statistically analyzed. RESULTS: A higher effective rate was observed in the observation group than in the control group (p < 0.05). Antipyretic time, cough disappearance time, and lung rale disappearance time in the observation group were shorter than those in the control group (p < 0.05). After treatment, CRP and PCT were lower (p < 0.05), FVC, FEV1, and FEV1/FVC were higher, PaCO2 was lower, PaO2 and SaO2 were higher, and IgA, IgG, IgM, and C3 were higher in the observation group than those in the control group (p < 0.05). The incidence of adverse reactions between the two groups was not significantly different (p > 0.05). CONCLUSION: NAC combined with AH is effective in the treatment of pediatric pneumonia by effectively alleviating clinical symptoms, reducing inflammatory factors, and improving lung function and immune function.
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Acetilcisteína , Ambroxol , Proteína C-Reativa , Quimioterapia Combinada , Expectorantes , Pneumonia , Pró-Calcitonina , Humanos , Ambroxol/uso terapêutico , Ambroxol/administração & dosagem , Proteína C-Reativa/análise , Acetilcisteína/uso terapêutico , Feminino , Masculino , Pró-Calcitonina/sangue , Pré-Escolar , Expectorantes/uso terapêutico , Expectorantes/efeitos adversos , Pneumonia/tratamento farmacológico , Criança , Resultado do Tratamento , Lactente , GasometriaRESUMO
The tenacious biofilms formed by Streptococcus mutans are resistant to conventional antibiotics and current treatments. There is a growing need for novel therapeutics that selectively inhibit S. mutans biofilms while preserving the normal oral microenvironment. Previous studies have shown that increased levels of cyclic di-AMP, an important secondary messenger synthesized by diadenylate cyclase (DAC), favored biofilm formation in S. mutans. Thus, targeting S. mutans DAC is a novel strategy to inhibit S. mutans biofilms. We screened a small NCI library of natural products using a fluorescence detection assay. (+)-Brazilin, a tetracyclic homoisoflavanoid found in the heartwood of Caesalpinia sappan, was identified as one of the 11 "hits," with the greatest reduction (>99%) in fluorescence at 100 µM. The smDAC inhibitory profiles of the 11 "hits" established by a quantitative high-performance liquid chromatography assay revealed that (+)-brazilin had the most enzymatic inhibitory activity (87% at 100 µM) and was further studied to determine its half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50 = 25.1 ± 0.98 µM). (+)-Brazilin non-competitively inhibits smDAC's enzymatic activity (Ki = 140.0 ± 27.13 µM), as determined by a steady-state Michaelis-Menten kinetics assay. In addition, (+)-brazilin's binding profile with smDAC (Kd = 11.87 µM) was illustrated by a tyrosine intrinsic fluorescence quenching assay. Furthermore, at low micromolar concentrations, (+)-brazilin selectively inhibited the biofilm of S. mutans (IC50 = 21.0 ± 0.60 µM) and other oral bacteria. S. mutans biofilms were inhibited by a factor of 105 in colony-forming units when treated with 50 µM (+)-brazilin. In addition, a significant dose-dependent reduction in extracellular DNA and glucan levels was evident by fluorescence microscopy imaging of S. mutans biofilms exposed to different concentrations of (+)-brazilin. Furthermore, colonization of S. mutans on a representative model of enamel using suspended hydroxyapatite discs showed a >90% reduction with 50 µM (+)-brazilin. In summary, we have identified a drug-like natural product inhibitor of S. mutans biofilm that not only binds to smDAC but can also inhibit the function of smDAC. (+)-Brazilin could be a good candidate for further development as a potent therapeutic for the prevention and treatment of dental caries.IMPORTANCEThis study represents a significant advancement in our understanding of potential therapeutic options for combating cariogenic biofilms produced by Streptococcus mutans. The research delves into the use of (+)-brazilin, a natural product, as a potent inhibitor of Streptococcus mutans' diadenylate cyclase (smDAC), an enzyme crucial in the formation of biofilms. The study establishes (+)-brazilin as a non-competitive inhibitor of smDAC while providing initial insights into its binding mechanism. What makes this finding even more promising is that (+)-brazilin does not limit its inhibitory effects to S. mutans alone. Instead, it demonstrates efficacy in hindering biofilms in other oral bacteria as well. The broader spectrum of anti-biofilm activity suggests that (+)-brazilin could potentially serve as a versatile tool in a natural product-based treatment for combating a range of conditions caused by resilient biofilms.
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Antibacterianos , Biofilmes , Isoflavonas , Streptococcus mutans , Biofilmes/efeitos dos fármacos , Streptococcus mutans/efeitos dos fármacos , Streptococcus mutans/enzimologia , Isoflavonas/farmacologia , Isoflavonas/metabolismo , Isoflavonas/química , Antibacterianos/farmacologia , Antibacterianos/química , Produtos Biológicos/farmacologia , Produtos Biológicos/química , Testes de Sensibilidade Microbiana , Fósforo-Oxigênio Liases/metabolismo , Proteínas de Bactérias/metabolismo , Proteínas de Bactérias/genética , HumanosRESUMO
Acute liver injury (ALI) is an important medical problem that requires effective therapy. Astaxanthin (AST) is a carotenoid, and the beneficial effects of astaxanthin, including anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory and anti-tumour activities, have been identified. The present study was designed to elucidate the protective effects of astaxanthin against ALI and their underlying mechanisms. RAW264.7 macrophages were treated with dimethyl sulfoxide combined with different doses of astaxanthin for 12 h. Mice were fed with or without astaxanthin for up to 7 days. LPS was administered to induce inflammation. We assessed histopathology, oxidative stress, inflammation and apoptosis .The results indicated that astaxanthin attenuated LPS-induced oxidative stress, inflammation and cell apoptosis both in vivo and in vitro. In vivo and in vitro experiments showed that astaxanthin down regulated the nuclear factor-kappa beta (NF-κB), nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and NLR family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) signalling pathways, inhibiting the LPS-induced inflammatory response, oxidative stress and cell apoptosis, and alleviating LPS-induced ALI in mice.
A lesão hepática aguda (ALI) é um problema médico importante que requer terapia eficaz. A astaxantina (AST) é um carotenóide, e os efeitos benéficos da astaxantina, incluindo atividades antioxidantes, anti-inflamatórias e antitumorais, foram identificados. O presente estudo foi desenhado para elucidar os efeitos protetores da astaxantina contra ALI e seus mecanismos subjacentes. Macrófagos RAW264.7 foram tratados com dimetil sulfóxido combinado com diferentes doses de astaxantina por 12 h. Os camundongos foram alimentados com ou sem astaxantina por até sete dias. O LPS foi administrado para induzir a inflamação. Histopatologia, estresse oxidativo, inflamação e apoptose foram avaliados. Os resultados indicaram que a astaxantina atenuou o estresse oxidativo induzido por LPS, inflamação e apoptose celular in vivo e in vitro. Experimentos in vivo e in vitro mostraram que a astaxantina regulou negativamente as vias de sinalização do fator nuclear-kappa beta (NF-κB), fator nuclear 2 relacionado ao eritróide 2 (Nrf2) e domínio de pirina da família NLR contendo 3 (NLRP3), inibindo o LPS- resposta inflamatória induzida, estresse oxidativo e apoptose celular e alívio da ALI induzida por LPS em camundongos.
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Animais , Ratos , Carotenoides , Doença Hepática Induzida por Substâncias e Drogas , Anti-Inflamatórios , Antineoplásicos , AntioxidantesRESUMO
Abstract Objective: This study investigated the effects of N-Acetylcysteine (NAC) combined with Ambroxol Hydrochloride (AH) on clinical symptoms, C-Reactive Protein (CRP), and Procalcitonin (PCT) levels in children with pneumonia. Methods: A total of 98 children with pneumonia were assigned to the control group and observation group by random number table method. NAC was administered to the observation group and AH was given to the control group. The therapeutic effect was observed, the disappearance time of clinical symptoms and levels of inflammatory factors, lung function parameters, blood gas analysis parameters, and immunoglobulin were measured. The incidence of adverse reactions was statistically analyzed. Results: A higher effective rate was observed in the observation group than in the control group (p < 0.05). Antipyretic time, cough disappearance time, and lung rale disappearance time in the observation group were shorter than those in the control group (p < 0.05). After treatment, CRP and PCT were lower (p < 0.05), FVC, FEV1, and FEV1/FVC were higher, PaCO2 was lower, PaO2 and SaO2 were higher, and IgA, IgG, IgM, and C3 were higher in the observation group than those in the control group (p < 0.05). The incidence of adverse reactions between the two groups was not significantly different (p > 0.05). Conclusion: NAC combined with AH is effective in the treatment of pediatric pneumonia by effectively alleviating clinical symptoms, reducing inflammatory factors, and improving lung function and immune function.
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Abstract Objective: Chronic Rhinosinusitis with Polyps (CRSwNP) is characterized by high heterogeneity and postoperative recurrence rate. This study aims to explore the clinical significance of tissue Leukocyte-Specific Transcript 1 (LST1) in predicting CRSwNP recurrence. Methods: We enrolled 62 CRSwNP patients including 30 primary CRSwNP and 32 recurrent CRSwNP patients, and 40 Healthy Controls (HC). Tissue samples were collected. Tissue LST1 expression was assessed by Reverse Transcription-Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR), Western Blotting (WB) and Immunofluorescence (IF) staining. The predictive values of LST1 expression for CRSwNP postoperative recurrence were assessed through the Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curves. Results: The tissue levels of LST1 were significantly increased in the CRSwNP group than the HC group, especially in the recurrent group, and the elevated LST1 mRNA levels were positively correlated with the peripheral eosinophil percentages, tissue eosinophil counts and percentages. IF staining results showed that the LST1 protein levels were higher in CRSwNP patients, especially in the recurrent patients than in the HC group. ROC curves highlighted that tissue LST1 levels were associated with recurrent CRSwNP and exhibited a higher predictive ability for postoperative CRSwNP recurrence. Conclusion: This was the first report suggesting that LST1 expression was upregulated and associated with mucosal eosinophil infiltration and CRSwNP recurrence. Tissue LST1 could be a promising biomarker for predicting postoperative recurrence in CRwNP patients.
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OBJECTIVE: Chronic Rhinosinusitis with Polyps (CRSwNP) is characterized by high heterogeneity and postoperative recurrence rate. This study aims to explore the clinical significance of tissue Leukocyte-Specific Transcript 1 (LST1) in predicting CRSwNP recurrence. METHODS: We enrolled 62 CRSwNP patients including 30 primary CRSwNP and 32 recurrent CRSwNP patients, and 40 Healthy Controls (HC). Tissue samples were collected. Tissue LST1 expression was assessed by Reverse Transcription-Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR), Western Blotting (WB) and Immunofluorescence (IF) staining. The predictive values of LST1 expression for CRSwNP postoperative recurrence were assessed through the Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curves. RESULTS: The tissue levels of LST1 were significantly increased in the CRSwNP group than the HC group, especially in the recurrent group, and the elevated LST1 mRNA levels were positively correlated with the peripheral eosinophil percentages, tissue eosinophil counts and percentages. IF staining results showed that the LST1 protein levels were higher in CRSwNP patients, especially in the recurrent patients than in the HC group. ROC curves highlighted that tissue LST1 levels were associated with recurrent CRSwNP and exhibited a higher predictive ability for postoperative CRSwNP recurrence. CONCLUSION: This was the first report suggesting that LST1 expression was upregulated and associated with mucosal eosinophil infiltration and CRSwNP recurrence. Tissue LST1 could be a promising biomarker for predicting postoperative recurrence in CRwNP patients. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Level 5.
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Pólipos Nasais , Rinite , Sinusite , Humanos , Pólipos Nasais/complicações , Pólipos Nasais/genética , Pólipos Nasais/cirurgia , Rinite/genética , Rinite/cirurgia , Rinite/complicações , Recidiva , Mucosa Nasal/metabolismo , Eosinófilos/metabolismo , Sinusite/complicações , Sinusite/genética , Sinusite/cirurgia , Doença CrônicaRESUMO
INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES: Liver fibrosis is a common pathological change in many chronic liver diseases. Activation of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) is the core event in liver fibrosis. This study aimed to investigate the role of testicular orphan receptor 4 (TR4) in the activation of HSCs. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In vivo, bile duct ligation (BDL)-induced rat liver fibrosis model was established, and the expressions of TR4 and α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) in liver tissues were detected. In vitro, TR4 knockdown and overexpression in JS-1 cells using lentiviral vectors were constructed, and the expressions of TR4, α-SMA, Col-I, and TGF-ß1/smads and retinoid X receptor (RXR) pathway-related genes were detected. RESULTS: TR4 was highly expressed in BDL-induced fibrotic liver, accompanied by increased expression of α-SMA. Knockdown of TR4 significantly inhibited the expressions of α-SMA, Col-I, p-TßRI, and p-Smad2/3, and up-regulated the expression of RXRα in HSCs in vitro. In contrast, TR4 overexpression significantly increased the expressions of α-SMA, Col-I, p-TßRI, and p-Smad2/3, and inhibited the expression of RXRα. CONCLUSIONS: TR4 may promote the activation of HSCs by up-regulating TßR I/Smad2/3 signaling pathway and down-regulating RXRα signaling, thereby promoting the progression of liver fibrosis. Our findings may provide a new therapeutic target against hepatic fibrosis.
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Células Estreladas do Fígado , Fator de Crescimento Transformador beta1 , Ratos , Animais , Células Estreladas do Fígado/metabolismo , Fator de Crescimento Transformador beta1/metabolismo , Cirrose Hepática/metabolismo , Transdução de Sinais , Fígado/patologia , Receptores de Fatores de Crescimento Transformadores beta/metabolismoRESUMO
ABSTRACT Introduction The dancers must have the necessary strength qualities to complete the dance movement techniques and coordinate the body movements, besides giving full capacity of execution to the qualities such as muscular strength, explosive power, and control in accelerated movement. Objective Verify the main muscular morphology of the lower limbs of sports dancers. Methods 24 undergraduate students were selected from a sports school of a university, specialized in sports dance, and divided into three groups for a physical fitness experiment. Results Different training pressures responded with different effects on the thickness of major lower limb muscles. Compared to the thickness of the rectus femoris in the resting state before the experiment, muscle thickness immediately after exercise was significantly increased in the 250 and 300 groups (P<0.05). Conclusion Training at a moderate pressure level - pressure value of 200 mmHg to 250 mmHg - can achieve better results. The presented protocol resulted in a functional improvement of the skeletal muscle. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies - investigation of treatment outcomes.
RESUMO Introdução Os dançarinos devem ter as qualidades de força necessárias para completar as técnicas de movimento de dança, a capacidade de coordenar os movimentos e o corpo, além de conferir total capacidade de execução às qualidades como força muscular, poder explosivo e controle em movimento acelerado. Objetivo Verificar a principal morfologia muscular dos membros inferiores dos bailarinos esportivos. Métodos 24 alunos de graduação foram selecionados de uma escola de esportes de uma universidade, especializados em dança esportiva, divididos em três grupos para experimento de aptidão física. Resultados Diferentes pressões do treinamento responderam com efeitos diferentes sobre a espessura dos principais músculos dos membros inferiores. Em comparação com a espessura do reto femoral no estado de repouso antes da experiência, a espessura muscular imediatamente após o exercício foi significativamente aumentada nos grupos de 250 e 300 (P<0,05). Conclusão O treinamento a um nível de pressão moderado - valor de pressão de 200 mmHg a 250 mmHg - pode alcançar melhores resultados. O protocolo apresentado resultou numa melhora funcional do músculo esquelético. Nível de evidência II; Estudos terapêuticos -investigação dos resultados do tratamento.
RESUMEN Introducción Los bailarines deben tener las cualidades necesarias de fuerza para completar las técnicas de movimiento de la danza, la capacidad de coordinar los movimientos y el cuerpo, además de dar total capacidad de ejecución a las cualidades como fuerza muscular, potencia explosiva y control en el movimiento acelerado. Objetivo Verificar la principal morfología muscular de los miembros inferiores de los bailarines deportivos. Métodos Se seleccionaron 24 estudiantes de grado de una escuela de deportes de una universidad, especializada en danza deportiva, divididos en tres grupos para el experimento de aptitud física. Resultados Las diferentes presiones de entrenamiento respondieron con diferentes efectos sobre el grosor de los principales músculos de las extremidades inferiores. En comparación con el grosor del recto femoral en estado de reposo antes del experimento, el grosor del músculo inmediatamente después del ejercicio aumentó significativamente en los grupos 250 y 300 (P<0,05). Conclusión El entrenamiento a un nivel de presión moderado - valor de presión de 200 mmHg a 250 mmHg - puede lograr mejores resultados. El protocolo presentado dio lugar a una mejora funcional del músculo esquelético. Nivel de evidencia II; Estudios terapéuticos - investigación de los resultados del tratamiento.
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Abstract Objective: To compare the efficacy of endoscopic and open resection of sinonasal malignancies. Methods: The search was performed using PubMed (1950-2020), Embase (1974-2020), the Cochrane library, and the website clinicaltrials.gov. The hazard ratio, HR, 95% confidence interval, CI, of the rates of overall survival and disease-free survival and the demographic characteristics of the included studies were extracted and analyzed. Pooled analysis was conducted with the studies' individual patient data, using log-rank test, Kaplan-Meier survival, and Cox regression analysis. Results: Of 1939 articles retrieved, 23 articles were included. Overall, 1373 cases were incorporated into the final analysis, 653 (47.56%) of which underwent the surgery through an endoscopic approach, whereas 720 (52.44%) cases utilized the open approach. The overall survival was comparable between endoscopic and open resection (HR = 0.84 [95% CI: 0.65-1.07], p = 0.16; random effects analysis). Pooled analysis with Cox regression revealed significant differences in overall survival (HR = 0.568 [95%CI:0.380-0.849], p = 0.006) and disease-free survival (HR = 0.628 [95%CI:0.424-0.929], p = 0.02) between endoscopic and open approaches. Conclusion: The aggregated evidence suggests the survival outcome of endoscopic resection is comparable or greater than that of open resection of sinonasal malignancies.
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BACKGROUND: Complete resection combined with postoperative radiotherapy is ideal for skull base chordomas. The recent literature suggests that the degree of surgical resection is the most important prognostic factor. METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 16 patients with initial chordoma treated at our center between August 2015 and December 2021 and conducted a retrospective study on the prognosis of surgical treatment of skull base chordoma between 2013 and 2022. RESULTS: According to the Kaplan-Meier method, there was a significant difference in PFS between patients aged > 50 years and < 50 years, and no significant difference was observed in PFS for tumor involvement of the internal carotid artery, dura, or superior or inferior clivus. However, there was still a correlation with prognosis. As observed in the included literature, the 5-year overall survival rate was significantly higher in patients undergoing total skull base chordoma resection than in those undergoing subtotal resection (STR), which in turn was significantly higher than in those undergoing partial resection (PR). Patients undergoing subtotal resection had significantly better 5-year PFS rates than those undergoing PR. CONCLUSION: Our study shows that gross total resection and STR have better survival in patients with skull base chordomas compared to PR.
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Cordoma , Neoplasias da Base do Crânio , Cordoma/cirurgia , Seguimentos , Humanos , Prognóstico , Estudos Retrospectivos , Base do Crânio/patologia , Neoplasias da Base do Crânio/patologia , Neoplasias da Base do Crânio/radioterapia , Neoplasias da Base do Crânio/cirurgia , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of endoscopic and open resection of sinonasal malignancies. METHODS: The search was performed using PubMed (1950-2020), Embase (1974-2020), the Cochrane library, and the website clinicaltrials.gov. The hazard ratio, HR, 95% confidence interval, CI, of the rates of overall survival and disease-free survival and the demographic characteristics of the included studies were extracted and analyzed. Pooled analysis was conducted with the studies' individual patient data, using log-rank test, Kaplan-Meier survival, and Cox regression analysis. RESULTS: Of 1939 articles retrieved, 23 articles were included. Overall, 1373 cases were incorporated into the final analysis, 653 (47.56%) of which underwent the surgery through an endoscopic approach, whereas 720 (52.44%) cases utilized the open approach. The overall survival was comparable between endoscopic and open resection (HRâ¯=â¯0.84 [95% CI: 0.65-1.07], pâ¯=â¯0.16; random effects analysis). Pooled analysis with Cox regression revealed signifcant differences in overall survival (HRâ¯=â¯0.568 [95%CI:0.380-0.849], pâ¯=â¯0.006) and disease-free survival (HRâ¯=â¯0.628 [95%CI:0.424-0.929], pâ¯=â¯0.02) between endoscopic and open approaches. CONCLUSION: The aggregated evidence suggests the survival outcome of endoscopic resection is comparable or greater than that of open resection of sinonasal malignancies.
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Neoplasias dos Seios Paranasais , Humanos , Neoplasias dos Seios Paranasais/cirurgia , Neoplasias dos Seios Paranasais/patologia , Endoscopia , Intervalo Livre de DoençaRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of high-voltage pulsed radiofrequency in comparison with standard-voltage pulsed radiofrequency for the treatment of elderly patients with acute herpes zoster neuralgia. METHODS: Sixty-four elderly acute herpes zoster neuralgia patients were randomly assigned to the standard-voltage pulsed radiofrequency group (i.e., group S, 32 cases) and the high-voltage pulsed radiofrequency group (i.e., group H, 32 cases), which received the standard-voltage and high-voltage pulsed radiofrequency treatment, respectively. The doses of gabapentin and tramadol for analgesia were adjusted based on pain degree of patients. The therapeutic effectiveness were assessed using the numeric rating scale and the sleep quality scale. The doses of gabapentin and tramadol before pulsed radiofrequency and 1, 2, 4, 8, and 12 weeks after pulsed radiofrequency were measured. The incidence of clinically meaningful postherpetic neuralgia (pulsed radiofrequency) 12 weeks after pulsed radiofrequency was noted. RESULTS: After pulsed radiofrequency, the numeric rating scale score and the doses of gabapentin and tramadol in group H were significantly lower than those in group S, respectively (p<0.05). The sleep quality scale score in group H was significantly higher than that in group S (p<0.05). The incidence of clinically meaningful pulsed radiofrequency in group H was significantly lower than that in group S (p<0.05). CONCLUSION: For the treatment of elderly patients with acute herpes zoster neuralgia, when compared with the standard-voltage pulsed radiofrequency, the high-voltage pulsed radiofrequency can rapidly and steadily reduce the pain degree, improve the sleep quality, reduce the doses of anticonvulsants and analgesics, and decrease the incidence of clinically meaningful postherpetic neuralgia.
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Herpes Zoster , Neuralgia Pós-Herpética , Neuralgia , Tratamento por Radiofrequência Pulsada , Idoso , Herpes Zoster/complicações , Humanos , Neuralgia Pós-Herpética/terapia , Manejo da DorRESUMO
ABSTRACT Introduction: The speed and quality of functional recovery after knee cruciate ligament reconstruction directly affect the training effect and competition results of athletes. Objective: To evaluate the effect of early systematic rehabilitation after reconstruction of ligament tears in outdoor sports athletes. Methods: In this study, Liu Mou, an outstanding player of the national men's rugby team, was selected as the experimental object. A rehabilitation training program was adopted, and rehabilitation began from 2 to 5 weeks after reconstruction. Results: After the recovery of the first stage for 4 weeks, the knee extension Angle of the injured limb in Liu's sitting position reached 180 degrees. In the second stage of rehabilitation physical training, the body composition test showed that body fat decreased from 20.8% before rehabilitation to 16.3%. At the end of the third stage of physical training, he could complete the high flip. Conclusions: Through different stages of postoperative rehabilitation physical training, Liu's physical condition fully recovered to a higher level. He could then participate in normal football training and return to the game, indicating that Liu's rehabilitation training after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction is effective. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies - investigation of treatment results.
RESUMO Introdução: A velocidade e qualidade da recuperação funcional após a reconstrução de ligamentos cruzados do joelho diretamente afetam o efeito do treinamento e resultados de competição de atletas. Objetivo: Avaliar o efeito da reabilitação sistemática precoce após a reconstrução de rupturas dos ligamentos em atletas de esportes ao ar livre. Métodos: Neste estudo, Liu Mou, um excepcional jogador do time masculino nacional de rúgbi, foi escolhido como objeto do experimento. Um programa de treino de reabilitação foi adotado e a reabilitação começou de 2 a 5 semanas após a reconstrução. Resultados: Após a recuperação da primeira fase por 4 semanas, o ângulo de extensão do joelho do membro lesado na posição sentada alcançou 180 graus. Na segunda fase de reabilitação por treino físico, o teste de composição corporal mostrou que a gordura corporal havia diminuído de 20,8% antes da reabilitação para 16,3%. Ao final da terceira fase de treino físico, Liu pode completar um high flip. Conclusões: Através das diferentes fases de treinamento físico de reabilitação pós-operatório, a condição física de Liu foi completamente recuperada a um nível elevado. Ele pode então participar de treinos normais no rúgbi e voltar a jogar, o que indica que o treino de reabilitação de Liu após a reconstrução ligamentar cruzada foi eficaz. Nível de evidência II; Estudos terapêuticos - investigação de resultados de tratamento.
Resumen Introducción: La velocidad y calidad de la recuperación funcional tras la reconstrucción de ligamentos cruzados de la rodilla derecha afectan el efecto del entrenamiento y resultados de competición de atletas. Objetivo: Evaluar el efecto de la rehabilitación sistemática temprana tras la reconstrucción de roturas de los ligamentos en atletas de deportes al aire libre. Métodos: En este estudio, Liu Mou, un excepcional jugador del equipo masculino nacional de rugby, fue elegido como objeto del experimento. Un programa de entrenamiento de rehabilitación se adoptó y la rehabilitación empezó de 2 a 5 semanas tras la reconstrucción. Resultados: Tras la recuperación de la primera fase por 4 semanas, el ángulo de extensión de la rodilla del miembro lesionado en la posición sentada alcanzó 180 grados. En la segunda fase de rehabilitación por entrenamiento físico, el test de composición corporal mostró que la grasa corporal había disminuido de 20,8% antes de la rehabilitación para 16,3%. Al fin de la tercera fase de entrenamiento físico, Liu ha podido completar un high flip. Conclusiones: Por medio de las diferentes fases de entrenamiento físico de rehabilitación postoperatorio, la condición física de Liu fue completamente recuperada a un nivel elevado. Él pudo, entonces, participar de entrenamientos normales en el rugby y volver a jugar, lo que indica que el entrenamiento de rehabilitación de Liu tras la reconstrucción del ligamento cruzado fue eficaz. Nivel de evidencia II; Estudios terapéuticos - investigación de resultados de tratamiento.
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ABSTRACT To investigate the genetic variation and molecular epidemiology characteristics of Human Respiratory Syncytial Virus (HRSV) in Guizhou Province, nasopharyngeal aspirates were collected from patients with acute respiratory infection (ARI) in Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, from December 2017 to March 2018, and inoculated to Hep-2 cells to isolate HRSV. Cells that showed cytopathic effect (CPE) were then confirmed by indirect immunofluorescence assay and reverse transcription. The sequence of the PCR products was determined for HRSV isolates, and the genetic variation was analyzed. Out of 196 nasopharyngeal aspirate samples, HRSV were isolated in 39. The second hypervariable region at the 3' terminal of glycoprotein gene (HVR2) sequence analysis showed that subgroup A was dominant. Seventy-nine percent of the isolates belonged to subgroup A, ON1 genotype, and 21 % belonged to subgroup B, BA9 genotype, which indicates that the dominant HRSV circulating in Guizhou Province was subgroup A, genotype ON1, co-circulating with a less prevalent subgroup B, genotype BA9.
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Humanos , Pré-Escolar , Infecções Respiratórias/virologia , Vírus Sincicial Respiratório Humano/isolamento & purificação , Vírus Sincicial Respiratório Humano/genética , Infecções por Vírus Respiratório Sincicial/virologia , Filogenia , Infecções Respiratórias/epidemiologia , China/epidemiologia , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase , Análise de Sequência de DNA , Infecções por Vírus Respiratório Sincicial/epidemiologia , Epidemiologia Molecular , Genótipo , Cavidade Nasal/virologiaRESUMO
To investigate the genetic variation and molecular epidemiology characteristics of Human Respiratory Syncytial Virus (HRSV) in Guizhou Province, nasopharyngeal aspirates were collected from patients with acute respiratory infection (ARI) in Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, from December 2017 to March 2018, and inoculated to Hep-2 cells to isolate HRSV. Cells that showed cytopathic effect (CPE) were then confirmed by indirect immunofluorescence assay and reverse transcription. The sequence of the PCR products was determined for HRSV isolates, and the genetic variation was analyzed. Out of 196 nasopharyngeal aspirate samples, HRSV were isolated in 39. The second hypervariable region at the 3' terminal of glycoprotein gene (HVR2) sequence analysis showed that subgroup A was dominant. Seventy-nine percent of the isolates belonged to subgroup A, ON1 genotype, and 21 % belonged to subgroup B, BA9 genotype, which indicates that the dominant HRSV circulating in Guizhou Province was subgroup A, genotype ON1, co-circulating with a less prevalent subgroup B, genotype BA9.
Assuntos
Infecções por Vírus Respiratório Sincicial/virologia , Vírus Sincicial Respiratório Humano/genética , Vírus Sincicial Respiratório Humano/isolamento & purificação , Infecções Respiratórias/virologia , Pré-Escolar , China/epidemiologia , Genótipo , Humanos , Epidemiologia Molecular , Cavidade Nasal/virologia , Filogenia , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase , Infecções por Vírus Respiratório Sincicial/epidemiologia , Infecções Respiratórias/epidemiologia , Análise de Sequência de DNARESUMO
Abstract Flavones have the potential of being used as a dietary supplement for bone health promotion beyond calcium and vitamin D. Recent studies have showed that flavones enhanced bone formation and inhibited bone resorption by affecting osteoblast and osteoclast differentiation through various cell signaling pathways. In this study, we investigated the effects of a new flavone (2R,3S)-pinobanksin-3-cinnamate, isolated from the metabolites of the endophytic fungus Penicillium sp. FJ-1 of Acanthus ilicifolius L., Acanthaceae, on osteoblast differentiation by using MC3T3-E1 cells. It was observed that (2R,3S)-pinobanksin-3-cinnamate promoted osteoblast differentiation, as evidenced by increased mineralization process and alkaline phosphatase activity, as well as expression of genes encoding the bone differentiation. Moreover (2R,3S)-pinobanksin-3-cinnamate treatment upregulated the gene expression of wingless-type MMTV integration site family, bone morphogenetic protein and runt-related transcription factor 2, and protein expression of phosphor-Smad1/5/8, β-catenin and runt-related transcription factor 2 in MC3T3-E1 cells. The osteoblast differentiation effects induced by (2R,3S)-pinobanksin-3-cinnamate were attenuated by the bone morphogenetic protein antagonist Noggin, and wingless-type MMTV integration site family signaling pathway inhibitors Dickkopf-1. Co-treatment with adenosine 30,50-cyclic monophosphate and guanosine 30,50-cyclic monophosphate pathway inhibitors, H89 and KT5823, respectively, reversed the (2R,3S)-pinobanksin-3-cinnamate-induced activations of p-Smad1/5/8, β-catenin, and runt-related transcription factor 2. Our data demonstrated that (2R,3S)-pinobanksin-3-cinnamate promoted the osteoblast differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells, at least partially through the adenosine 30,50-cyclic monophosphate and guanosine 30,50-cyclic monophosphate signaling pathways, providing the scientific rational to develop (2R,3S)-pinobanksin-3-cinnamate against bone loss-associated diseases.
RESUMO
Abstract Objective This study aimed to determine the differences in learning style preferences among bachelor degree nursing students at Central South University and associate degree nursing students at the Vocational Health School in China. Methods This study was a cross-sectional survey using the Chinese version of the VARK questionnaire to assess preferred learning styles: 159 enrolled bachelor degree nursing students and 199 enrolled associate degree nursing students completed the questionnaire with a response rate of 96.8%. Results The bachelor degree nursing students tend to prefer a multimodal learning style (58.49%), which significantly differed from that of associate degree nursing students (45.77%). The kinaesthetic modality was the predominant unimodal learning style among the bachelor degree and associate degree nursing students (18.20% and 33.67%), and the read-write modality was the least popular modality (2.5% and 4.02%). Conclusion There are both differences and similarities between the learning style preferences of bachelor degree and associate degree nursing students. Educational background is one of the most critical factors that influence the learning style preference of nursing students. This finding may be necessary and beneficial for carrying out future curricula reform. In addition, further comprehensive research should be conducted to examine the relationships between learning style preferences and academic performance, as well as learning style preferences and teaching methods.
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adolescente , Adulto , Adulto Jovem , Estudantes de Enfermagem , Ensino , Inquéritos e Questionários , Bacharelado em Enfermagem , Aprendizagem , China , Estudos TransversaisRESUMO
After studying the recycling collection system of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) bottles worldwide, the authors conducted an intercept survey in Beijing. Two separate questionnaires were issued, one questionnaire to PET bottle consumers and one to PET bottle recyclers. In this study, consumers are defined as people that consume PET-bottled beverages in their daily life. Recyclers were defined as those involved in the collection and recycling of PET bottles. These include scavengers, itinerant waste buyers, small community waste-buying depots, medium/large redemption depots, and recycling companies. In total, 580 surveys were completed, including 461 by consumers and 119 by recyclers. The authors found that consumption of PET bottles in Beijing was nearly 100,000 tonnes in 2012. Age, occupation, gender, and education were identified as significant factors linked to PET-bottled beverage consumption, while income was not a significant factor. 90% Of post-consumed PET bottles were collected by informal collectors (i.e., scavengers and itinerant waste buyers). The survey also found that nearly all PET bottles were reprocessed by small factories that were not designed with pollution control equipment, which allows them to offer higher prices for waste recyclable bottles. As Beijing is trying to build a formal recycling collection system for recyclables, subsidies should be given to the formal recycling sector rather than being charged land use fees, and attention should also be given to informal recyclers that make their living from the collection of recyclables. Informal and formal sectors may work together by employing the scavengers and itinerant waste buyers for the formal sectors. In addition to the recycling of PET bottles, concern should also be allocated to reduce consumption, especially among young people, as they, compared to other groups, have a stronger demand for PET-bottled beverages and will be the main body of society.
Assuntos
Bebidas , Embalagem de Alimentos , Polietilenotereftalatos/análise , Reciclagem , Gerenciamento de Resíduos , Adolescente , Adulto , Brasil , China , Cidades , Humanos , Japão , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estados Unidos , Adulto JovemRESUMO
Tapping causes the loss of large amounts of latex from laticifers and subsequently enhances latex regeneration, a high carbon- and nitrogen-cost activity in rubber tree. It is suggested that a 67 kDa protein associated with protein-storing cells in the inner bark tissues of rubber tree plays an important role in meeting the nitrogen demand for latex regeneration. Here, the 67 kDa protein was further characterized by a combination of cell biological, molecular biological and biochemical techniques. Immunogold labeling showed that the 67 kDa protein was specifically localized in the central vacuole of protein-storing cells. A full-length cDNA, referred to as HbVSP1, was cloned. The HbVSP1 contained a 1584 bp open reading frame encoding a protein of 527 amino acids. The putative protein HbVSP1 shared high identity with the P66 protein from rubber tree and proteins of the linamarase, and bg1A from cassava (Manihot esculenta). HbVSP1 contained the active site sequences of ß-glucosidase, TFNEP and I/VTENG. In vitro analysis showed that the 67 kDa protein exhibited the activity of both ß-glucosidase and linamarase and was thus characterized as a cyanogenic ß-glucosidase. Proteins immuno-related to the 67 kDa protein were present in leaves and lutoids of laticifers. Tapping down-regulated the expression of HbVSP1, but up-regulated the expression of genes encoding the key enzymes for rubber biosynthesis, while the effect of resting from tapping was the reverse. Taken together, the results suggest that the 67 kDa protein is a vacuole-localized cyanogenic ß-glucosidase encoded by HbVSP1 and may have a role in nitrogen storage in inner bark tissues of trunk during the leafless periods when rubber tree is rested from tapping.